LITERACY NARRATIVE

Literacy narrative involves the first-hand information of narrative that relates to reading or composing of any context. This narrative can be experienced by a small child, a teenager, and even an adult or a senior. This involves the use of description, a voice, its scene and the significant. It is supposed to capture the attention of the audience not only because it is a story but there is also something that one can learn from the story. The story should be enjoyable to both the teller and the audience. Literature narrative has become common because it explores and reflects on the past experiences in language (Poe, 43).

I am sited on my desk in the class alone wondering how I have reached this point. I was having an overview of my past life especially in academic since I was young. It has not been a smooth journey so far, I told myself. There have been numerous obstacles in every grade that I have even done. To have come this far I have had to sacrifice a lot since there not every lesson is simple. I had one of my biggest obstacles that I cannot forget in any near future. I have encountered a difficult moment in reading and writing. I could write but I was never near any point of my other classmates. It was a frustrating moment of my life. I kept asking myself why I was not like other kids. They could read out loud and well but I could not. I could take more than fifteen minutes reading a simple page will other students could do it in five minutes. I had no idea why it used to happen to me and yet we were all age mates (Poe, 45). At times, it would get even more frustrating when a teacher would point me out to read a page in a book and all I could do was to shake. I could stammer while reading and this was humiliating enough. Another student would laugh at me and I ended up crying. That is how I began my narrative to the audience.

The writing was also a big challenge. I remembered when we were given an essay to write by our English teacher I would be caught up with time and that only means I was only able to write only a few sentences that were not grammatically correct. At other instances, a teacher would read a story and tell us to summarize the story in our own words (Poe, 45). The twenty minutes summary to me was like a whole year because all I could do was to check other students. I had no idea what to write. Well, all the literature lessons stressed me out and I was trying all I could in order to improve. I tried listening attentively because I was focused on changing my story. It is true to say that it did not work out so well for me more so because I was afraid to try. Due to this fear I lost track in the classroom. Then came the time to read what we had written. I was called out first by the lecture. Shaken and worried with an increase in my heartbeat I began to read what I had written. When I was done the lecture just asked in a impolite and inconsiderate tone “why have you not finished writing the summary as required?” All student in that class rolled their eyes to me. I responded reluctantly “I have finished”. Every other student was waiting to see what the lecture would do. He asked me further what I was doing when he was reading the story and as it is supposed to be I had to give an answer. Humiliated and ashamed I said very attentively this made every student burst into laughter.

That was one of my many incidents with my literature teacher. I can simply say that my life was full of defeat, embracement, humiliation, and frustrations due to my inability to read and write well. At one point in during grade three, I was tempted to give up. I hated literature with a passion because of these obstacles. After keenly analyzing what I needed to do I approached my grade three teachers and explained everything to him. He was moved by my determination to be better and was willing to assist me. He would give me extra assignments and monitor me at a close range. He also advised me to get online and have a check of all the information on the internet regarding literature. Since I was determined I would do that at my free time. I would also have evaluation tests from time to time that increased my confidence and made me tackle every new literature program with a positive mind. This did not come easy as I was at a point discourage when my teacher was disappointed with me for not meeting his expectation. I felt like I could run and never come back but that was only for a while. I was expected to do more work by myself. I also did look for assistant from those students who were good in literature. They were so supportive and this made me feel more at easy and I was able to learn even more (Dunbar, 87).

Few months down the line I was done, I was so happy and felt relieved. I could breathe once again. My fear was gone and I could write well and I could read without stammering. My anxiety had subsided and I could see the results of my work through the test that we did. We did an evaluation and I was happy and contented with the results. My teacher was also happy that all he did was not in vain. After so many reading motivational articles I come to learn that I was not stupid neither inept. As I conclude, I came to understand and see why I was like and why I am like this today and I was justified in having an issue with my learning (Brockermier, Olson & Wang, 200).

However, it is true to say that my learning curve about the literature did not end there. In order to actualize my initial goals of not being left behind by allowing people to pass me and to change how I felt about English, is something I have to continuously work for. Being determined gives one a label of focus but has to be enhanced by actions. Instead of viewing these challenges as obstacles they should be used stepping stones that will increase an individual to work better. These obstacles should be used as a instrument to discovery the tactics that will make me a better student who knows how to read and write at the same time (Dunbar, 90).

Even with the achievement in my literature the urge for me to learn more is still there because I want to better than I am today. Currently, I am still a work in progress and am still continuing with my online learning and students discussions that will equip me with better learning methods and techniques to make me a better student than I am (Johnstone, 92). It is true to say that my determination has paid off and has increased my learning capability ever since grade three. My results grade can attest to that because I am from a grade C- student to a grade B+ student in my English class.

It is true to say that it has not been a rosy journey as there have been hiccups here and there. It is always better to first believe in yourself for others to believe in you. Self-acceptance place a great role in which I can attest to that. “It always seems impossible until it is done” that my encouragement to you. It is a decision you have to make since no one will make a decision for you (Poe, 66). In order to achieve and be successful in what you do you have to better your best. Lastly, it has been a long journey for me and I can see the fruits of my hard work don’t just lie there and say you have been defeated because a journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step.

Reference

Brockermier jens, olson david r & wang min; literacy, narrative and culture; routledge 2013  287

Dunbar-Odom, Donna. Defying the Odds: Class and the Pursuit of Higher Literacy. Albany:       State University of New York Press, 2007. Internet resource 87

Johnston, Elva. Literacy and Identity in Early Medieval Ireland. , 2013. Woodbridge ; Rochester,            New York : Boydell Press Print 92

Poe Alexander, Kara. "From Story To Analysis: Reflection And Uptake In The Literacy   Narrative Assignment." Composition Studies 43.2 (2015): 43-71. Academic Search   Premier.          Web. 24 May 2016.

A GOOD MAN IS HARD TO FINDBY FLANNERY O'CONNOR

            Flannery O’Connor is the author of this short story published in the year 1953. The author used the resources that surrounded her such as the people around her, the reading resources that were available and used them to write the short stories (O'Connor, 1993). The choice of the author on the characters that she used in the story portrays her opinion on humans as a fallen being. The story portrays the destruction of a very normal family by three convicts who had escaped. Grandmother character is one that cannot go unrecognized thus this paper will thus analyze grandmother’s character in the story and how it has enabled the author to build up her story.

Just as the name suggests, grandmother is Bailey’s mother and she lives with her son, Bailey and his family of two children, June star and John Wesley and their mother. The grandmother is a determined woman as she always gets what she wants. The author brings this character in the grandmother clearly in the story using so many instances. The story unfolds as the family plans to go on a trip but there are disagreements among them as they cannot decide on where to visit. The grandmother character is to blame for the conflicts that occur within the family and surrounding her. Bailey is the head of the family in the story and according to him; he wants to take his entire family to Florida. However the grandmother in the story who is Bailey’s mother does not want to go to Florida but rather proposes that they visit Tennessee(O'Connor, 1993). She justifies her proposal saying that the children had not had a chance to visit that location and that the escaped convict, who is known as Misfit in the story was last seen heading towards Florida and thus opposing their visit to Florida.

However no one believes and they all ignore her and the following day they all head to Florida. The grandmother however hides her cat in the car as she thinks that in leaving the cat behind he would die.  The cat ultimately leads to the accident that later leads them into stopping a car in which Misfit the escaped convict was leading to the death of the family(O'Connor, 1993). In this story therefore it is hard to ignore the conflicts that the grandmother has caused through her actions. It is true that it is hard to find a good man but it is however a person is regarded good or bad by her action as seen in the story.

            Everything that does not interest the grandmother, she wants to have it her way manipulating everyone to change plans to favor her. She opposes to go to Florida for mere reasons as her intentions were to visit Tennessee as she had some relations there. In making her selfish claims she however is tactful as shed uses indirect confrontations and she seizes any opportunity that she has to achieve what she wants. For instance she first uses frightening method where she reports of the escape of a criminal last seen in Florida with an intention to scare off Bailey to take them to Florida(O'Connor, 1993). When this method fails she pretends that she has no interest in going to Tennessee but since the children had not visited there and for their sake they should visit the place. The rest of the story also shows her manipulating her schemes out as she carries along the cat knowing very well, that Bailey would not agree to this but since she wanted this she decided to hide the cat in the basket secretly(O'Connor, 1993). Her wish to visit the old plantation is met by her telling the children a story about the plantation and since she could not convince Bailey to take them there she uses the children to do it. The entire story illustrates how selfish she is and in achieving her selfish gains manipulation is seen as her core scheme. It is as a result of this manipulative action which is bad that shows that she is as well a bad person who is at no any chance considerate about others.

            The grandmother was not a religious woman as per say but in her final moments when she saw that death was approaching she did have a moment grace. She uses religious preaching to manipulate Misfit into not killing her.

            Though she uses Jesus and even expressing of his love even to Misfit and assuring him that he was a good man, she did not receive mercy at the end as Misfit shoot her three times. The grandmother is a hypocrite and in the story she admits that Misfit is one of her product of hypocrisy and dead actions where they have used lips to spiritually confess but fail to do it in action as they are consumed by earthly pleasures and this makes her not a totally upright human being.

             The grandmother views herself as a lady who is well dressed up, respectable and well mannered. She is thus seen in the story dressing up so smartly so as to look nice so that even if she dies in the accident, anyone who shall see her shall see that she was a lady(O'Connor, 1993). Also in trying to stop Misfit into not killing him, she expects him to have mercy on her since she is a lady and he would not kill a lady.  This motive is bad as she is doing it for others to see the kind of lady she is.

            In conclusion, the author widely uses the grandmother character in his story as she clearly shows how a good man is hard to find. The author in the story has however not used any positive thing about the grandmother as she greatly shows on her selfishness character, manipulating character and her hypocrisy. However as the main character she has enabled the theme of how hard it is to find a good man to be well built up in the story.

            References

O'Connor, F., &Asals, F. (1993).A good man is hard to find. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.

            Love

            “Inside Story III" (Richard Davies Jerry work), novel "The taming of the Shrew", "The Great Gatsby", movie "10 Thing I Hate About you share common themes. The themes include society and class, love, happiness, wealth, and forgiveness.  The theme that I chose to work on is love as a perception changer because it is clearly illustrated in all the readings. The theme is relevant to the world today because it is still relevant in the world today.

            In the movie "10 Thing I hate about you’’ presents the struggles of love in relationships

“Inside Story III" (Richard Davies Jerry work), love results to motivation and competence

In the novel "The taming of the Shrew", Love is found and the struggles of marriage are portrayed."The Great Gatsby", Gatsby foolishly falls in love with Daisy

             In the movie 10 things I hate about you, Kat is pursued by Patrick for money (Abdel-Fattah, 2006). He later discovers that e loves her and thus tries to change his perception in order to keep her. Love can, therefore, be used for an economic transaction and it can also transform the perception of an individual towards life. Love can be used in both positive and negative was based on the individual agenda.

            Love is a transformation.  Ethical values are developed through love because love helps individuals in developing better views in regard to self and others. From the love, I get from my family I know so much about love.  The world is the worst place to be without love as happiness can never be achieved. The love of family and friends grows every day and the thing that exists between us makes life worthwhile.  Lack of love can result in destruction because of self-denial that it generates.

            It is clear that love is a crucial thing in transforming the lives of individuals as it is characterized by destructions and violence. The situation that occurs around love is well demonstrated in the novel the great Gatsby.  The feelings of Wilson are the only sample of genuine love in the novel the great Gatsby. Those that fall in love are considered as full because they are characterized with the weaknesses of care.  The situation around love is analyzed in that Daisy and Sam are loyal to each other because of the kind of affection that exists between them but their relationship is thus not based on love (Ibbotson, 2015).  Nick and Jordan are happy because the company of each other makes them feel good.  Gatsby falls in love with daisy and these results in violence and destructions because loving daisy is like a dream that can never come.  In the novel love is the only influence of denial and self-deception. Love is portrayed as a thing that exists between the perception of being positive and a negative perception. This is because people fail in realizing the worth of the others because they are driven by their social and material wants. True love is therefore characterized with social hindrances as it exists in unclear circumstances and in every relationship one individual must suffer more than the other (Ibbotson, 2015).

            From the song ‘’I love the way you lie’’ by Eminem and Rihanna it is clear that love is not hindered by   certain issues. The perception of one person is transformed thus making hem love the faults of the other despite having a different view before. Bases on the song individuals can be linked by the desire of cheating but once they are together they learn to love each other deeply without considering the faults.

            In the Taming Shrew, love and marriage are portrayed as transactions related to business which is purposed to generate profit to those that are involved (Aspinall, 2009).  Petruchio and Kate are able to discover that they love each other but it is not love that brought them together. Despite the fact that the play places its fixation on   bringing young couples together its theme of love is grounded on the fact that marriage state is best at bleak.  Similar to the great Gatsby the taming screw presents a hard look at the challenges that are involved in marital relationships and the power of love is possessed in those issues. Love is portrayed as a life changer because individuals are linked together by the different mission and they end up falling in love thus changing their negative perception.

             The story line of the play promotes the 16th-century typical thoughts towards building proper relationships as well as marriage between men and women. However, the play additionally provides criticism thus calling into questioning several marital pervasive attitudes. The play, therefore, presents the challenges that men and women must overcome in accessing power positions in their relationships (Aspinall, 2009).  The play, therefore, asserts the theme that most men treat marriage as an economic or a finance generating activity which is a business transaction while women can be traded as financial commodities. Based on the play the attitude of men towards love and relationships differs from women’s perspective. The play, therefore, portrays the state of marriage as a negative thing as the situation and the environment around love is unhealthy and is this characterized with struggles.  The play is from the 16th-century era is relevant in the 21st century because materialism still dominates relationships and traditional hindrances are still present in the current relationships (Aspinall, 2009).

            In conclusion, Love is effective is changing perceptions. All the pieces are crucial in depicting love as a changer of the present and the future. This is based on the fact that the goals of an individual can simply be changed by love. Love helps in developing of critical thoughts that are based on god ethics. Love transforms the involved characters by changing their views and conduct. Love is therefore an aspect that is crucial in opening the vision of individuals in developing stronger and more visions. Finding love helps in identifying things that one was initially missing that can only be achieved with happiness that is generated from love.

            References

Abdel-Fattah, R. (2006). Ten things I hate about me. New York: Scholastic Inc.

Dana E. Aspinall. (2009). The Taming Of Shrew: Critical. Psychology Press. Copyright.

Ibbotson, C. (2015). The Great Gatsby (F. Scott Fitzgerald). San Diego: Classroom Complete      Press Ltd.

A Journal

James Fenimore cooper (the slaughter of the pigeons)

During this time, there were rapid changes in weather conditions where by one day, there would be soft airs experienced along the valley together with vigorating sun whereas on the next day, short blasts from the north would be experienced across the lake. The snow would finally disappear and green wheat fields observed from each direction. Ploughs would be taking place all over by the help of useful implements. The lake was seen without beauty of ice but instead hard a dark covering on its waters. There was also clearing of many acres that occurred at an early day as a result of inclined plane falling from the ascent of the mountain

Carleton Watkins

This documented America’s physical resources especially from the western regions in the early 1860-1890. He also photographed other sites such as San Francisco, the Arizona, Mt. Shasta and portions of Nevada. He produced large images of Yosemite starting in 1861. By 1864, the national park system was established due to the recognition of these photos and later inspired other photographers who came up later on.

Thomas Cole

He arrived in Ohio in the nineteenth century and lived in the period of gathering industrialism and when slavery was creating division in the nation. This artist was a famous associate of Hudson River School of painters and they took subject frontier associated James Fenimore. They also produced Schroon Lake.

John Muir

Muir migrated to the United States in 1849. He founded Sierra club and wrote many books and articles about preserving nature including a number of articles that contributed to the creation of Yosemite National Park. He produced the mountains of California and our National Parks.

References

Cooper, J. F., Beard, J. F., Schachterle, L., & Andersen, K. M. (1980). The pioneers, or the sources of the Susquehanna: A descriptive tale. Albany, N.Y: State University of New York Press.

Hello,

            We have covered that includes discipline investigation (DI) and rhetorical analyses (RA) as well as additional 5 journals from the book east eat west authored by Andrew lam. From these assignments I have chosen the discipline investigation assignment as my best. 

            The major reason for choosing the DI as my best assignment is due to the fact that it was purposed to interview professional from the working field in order to gain knowledge about their procedures of working.  The gained knowledge was, therefore, important in acquiring more experience that is crucial in ensuring that I understood the requirements of achieving efficiency in the field working processes.

            What makes the assignment to be my best is the fact that the investigation generated enough information which is essential in equipping me with skills which are essential in the future.  The assignment was thus crucial in equipping me with the necessary skills required to tackle process issues. I am proud of the paper because the acquired information is reliable and more accurate than in the other assignment since the data was attained from a direct source. The information is therefore not characterized with inaccuracy thus making a source of reference.

            Moreover, I am proud of the paper because it helps me in learning more about my career as I was directly involved thus making it fun to take part.  The assignment, therefore, helped me I accomplishing the intended assignments accomplishments which made my tasks simpler.  The assignments tasks helped in boosting my confidence in conducting processes as well as from talking from professional who were a source of motivation.  I, therefore, feel that 100A class is essential to me in preparing me for the future as well as improving my skills of writing. Thank you.

            Analysis the Book Of From Blacklivesmatter to Black Liberation Chapter 3

            Key Term

            Racial discrimination is well is illustrated by the book. The author holds that the black individuals from the colony of the American nation and this are not in favor of the colonial authority to liberate the black people.  Black individuals are legitimate citizens in the United States and with for the large parts have equal legal rights as the rest of the citizens.  However, the black individuals are utilized as colonial matters in connection to the society of the whites (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 61).

            Mass eruption protests in the police murders wake of brown Michael  in Missouri Ferguson and  the new York officer Eric Garner have this challenged the existing impunity by which the police officers conduct violence in discrimination of  the black individuals thus puncturing the  post-racial illusion in America (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 84). The textbook the black matter movement thus awakened a new activist’s generation to help black Americans to fight against the spreading discrimination.  Equality fails to be achieving even with the rise of black individuals in high positions because the authority still lies with the whites. The blacks are used as a subject of the colony while the whites individuals  hold power to themselves failing to consider the fact that the blacks hold equal rights as American citizens (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 96).

            Economic inequality is also facilitated by racial discrimination where the blacks were denied opportunities to take part in developmental activities. Racial discrimination, therefore, led to the rise of racial ideologies in order to fully defend the conduct of the white society (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 78).  Racial ideology, racism, and American capitalism, therefore, resulted in the economic foundation from the discrimination context. Structural inequality persistence and racism are served by scholar and activist who are well revealed. The inequality structures, therefore, involved incarceration of masses and the unemployment rate of the black’s individuals.  In the given context Taylor argues that the fresh struggle against the discrimination and violence towards the black police holds the capability of reigniting a wider push for the liberation of the blacks (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 98).

            Speech Part

            Nations were developed by men on the ground that every man holds equal right but inequality based on races still dominates the society.  Based on chapter three of the book From Black Lives Matter to Black Liberation’’ it is thus clear that the black activists have been unsuccessful in the activity of shifting the party of democracy to the left (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 78). This is because despite the increase of black individuals to political positions and policy positions there has not been an adequate improvement to the situations of the black individuals. For instance in the era of  post civil right there is a rise of black officials like police chiefs, mayors, and congress elected officials who are unable to transform the situation (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 87).  Since the authority lied with the white society it was, therefore, difficult to control the activities in favor of the blacks. Rampant inequality exists which is influenced by the American economic policy which aims at favoring the whites. The economic inequality, therefore, provided huge chances for the whites to violate the rights of the blacks (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 87).  This is because the material condition of the black individuals worked against them which were fueled by the lack of movement protests from the blacks during the era of between 1970’s and 1980’s (Keeanga-Yamahtta, 104).

            Discussion Question

Why has most black individual’s situation not be improved despite having black politicians, police officers and black individuals to higher places?

            Reference

Taylor, Keeanga-Yamahtta. From #blacklivesmatter to Black Liberation. , 2016. Internet resource.

Map of Home by Randa Jarrar

Introduction

Randa Jarrar is a renowned writer who has written multiple books, she is also a translator and she has also translated most stories. The writer is a Palestinian-American, she has therefore written stories both in Arabic and English. Her stories have won most awards which include the following, the Hopwood award and the Arab American Book Award. Her stories are written in a very unique and distinctive way which makes it easy to catch the attention of the reader. The story Map of Home mainly talks about war and its effects. This has therefore seen the family of Waheed moving from one country to another in pursuit of peace. The story is carefully written and it has different themes which have been clearly spelled out. On the other hand, the plot of the story is very unique thus attracting the attention of the reader. This paper is therefore going to look at different parts of the story in order to get an insight of what the story is really about.

According to my point of view, I think the story has been written in a very skilful way thus making it to be very interesting. The features of style used, themes and the expressions used make it easy for the reader to be able to understand the story clearly (Jarrar, 24). The flow of events in the novel are also remarkable since it follows a specific order. The novel features a variety of themes which make it easy for one to be able to understand the type of life that Waheed and his family were leading. These themes include the following: religion, transition and war which is the main theme in the novel. The events therefore flow according to the order of the themes, at first, Waheed and his family are living in Kuwait and Nidali does not understand who the people of Ibrahim are. This therefore shows that Nidali has little knowledge about her religion. Secondly, Iraq invades Kuwait, this is where the theme of war comes up, and thirdly they are forced to move to Egypt hence the theme of transition.

The features of style used such as the use of local dialect has really helped in depicting the true Arab culture and religion. This consequently shows how Waheed’s family takes the Islamic religion seriously. Furthermore, it has also helped in showing Waheed’s local language. The writer has also used flashbacks which has helped in showing the way the Nidali understood the meaning of war from her grandmother’s stories. Hence it is easy for one to be able to identify the why Nidali understood things differently (Jarrar, 25). Using this style consequently provides a basic idea as to why certain things are occurring and their causes. The setting of the story also takes place in a country which is mainly affected by war, this therefore makes it easy for the author to be able to include the theme of war in the story. The setting is also very significant as it leads to the emergence of other themes and this is the theme of transition which is mainly caused by war. Due to the need of looking for peace, Waheed and his family had to move to Egypt in order to be able to live peacefully. Thus the flow of events in the novel is systematic since one theme leads to the development of another theme.

The main theme in the story is the theme of war, the story revolves around a Kuwait which is a country that was invaded by Iraq under the rule of Saddam Hussein. Due to the outbreak of war in Kuwait, this forced Waheed and his family to move to Egypt in pursuit of peace. The outbreak of the war in Kuwait saw most people moving to other countries in order to live peacefully. This therefore saw Waheed, losing his property since he had to live without anything at all. Hence Nidali believed that a home is one’s heart as they had to move from one to another in order to live peacefully and comfortably.  War therefore changed the way Waheed used to live thus her daughter Nidali had to quit school due to migrating from one place to another (Jarrar, 26).

Conclusion

This story is developed in a very clear way such that it is easy for the reader to be able to find it interesting. This is consequently because of the features of style and themes that have been used in the story. The plot of the story is very clear and this consequently makes it easy for the reader to follow up through the story. On the other hand, the themes flow in a very systematic way such that they influence the emergence of another theme. The themes are therefore linked since they depend on each other. Thus the flow of events in the story is easily understandable. Anyone reading this novel will consequently find it interesting since the events have been categorised according to the themes.

Work Cited

Jarrar, Randa. A Map of Home: A Novel. New York: Other Press, 2008. Internet resource.

MANAGING THE MILLENNIALS, BY C. ESPINOZA, M. UKLEJA, AND C. RUSCH BOOK REVIEW

            This was a book which was written by several authors among them being Chip Espinoza who was the chief executive of the GeNext consulting as well as a leadership lecturer at California State University in Long Beach.  Another author was Mick Ukleja who had masters in his education level and was the overall leader of leadership TraQ and the originator of the Ukleja centre whose aim was to teach ethical leadership at California State University located in Long Beach. The third author was Craig Rush who also had a masters in social networking education and as well as a professor of Anthropology at Vanguard University in Costa Mesa based in California (Espinoza et al 2010). The authors carried out a research for a period of two years with an aim of collecting information for their book. They therefore used data collection methods such as interviewing where they carried out a survey through interviewing a sample of managers and employees across different geographical regions or environment. It is through their results from the data collected that they were able to create theories on the three generations that is the builders’ generation, baby boomers generation and the generation X. They were also able to create a theory on the character of the millennial workers which the managers find problematic and the various characters demonstrated by these employees who are the holders of these values (Espinoza et al 2010). They researched on areas of pressure that are a product of clashing values in a cross-generational supervision framework. The authors later in the book after relating the conflict they also find the solution tools which would resolve the pressure that leads to failure of the managers and the millennial.

            In the book, the authors’ states clearly as according to their research that the millennials’ have inadequate competence especially the central competence required for leadership and this is quite challenging. This is as a result of bad attitude towards privileges has resulted to a great frustration especially to those in leadership (Espinoza et al 2010).  According to the authors’, most often the millennials are involved in exemplifying the entitlement direction. This is to mean that there is a strong connection between the rate at which the millennials value reward and the approach of entitlement.

            One of the greatest challenges that emerge while motivating the millennials is that the millennials greatly value finding out why then what involves that kind responsibility. The authors therefore in their writing advice the millennials managers or employees  to first involve the millennials in understanding the rationale behind their action or role so that they can automatically be able to care for that kind of task (Espinoza et al 2010). In finding the meaning to their course of action, results in an easier motivation program in their workforce by the managers. The millennials are always motivated to leave a legacy even for the future generation; managers can enhance continuous motivation among the millennials by showing them that they are doing the right thing and they are important as they matter a lot in the workforce (Espinoza et al 2010).

            The world is globalizing and what was regarded as important in the earlier organization will be non-viable with time. However we cannot depict the fact that the current structure is important and has really helped out but rather importantly it has formed a stronger foundation for any other organization. Changes ought to be made so as to fit in the generation that are about to come as the world is evolving at a greater rate thus producing generation different from the others.

 Changes in technology has largely affected the management of the millennials thus the organization ought to be altered a little so as to fit in the technological changes. This will enable the management to be able to enforce and support the millennials in their innovation, invention and productivity (Espinoza et al 2010).

            In conclusion the book has widely produced a thoroughly done research whose results have helped the managers to understand the millennials in a far better way. The book has clearly brought out the interests, motives and work engagement that the millennials uphold as it also shows some of their external; objectives that they have. The book also has shown the major part that the managers play in ensuring efficient and effective millennials production process. Communication any management Is key to any millennials engagement while self development chances to millennials are essential in any organization.  Millennials have a chance to lead but not until they have the core competence necessary in leadership as stated in the book.  Teamwork amongst the millennials has also proved to be significant and they highly regard it in any organization and with the absence of team collaboration may result to them doubting the organization thinking that there is a problem.  It is thus important that every manager to understand the major traits that the millennials hold and the greatest kind of behaviors that they value much in any organization. This would enhance total understanding and high productivity among the millennials.

            Reference

Espinoza, C., Ukleja, M., & Rusch, C. (2010). Managing the millennials: Discover the core             competencies   for managing today's workforce. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons.

An Analysis on Hwang’s M. Butterfly

Introduction

            The play M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang has been consistently reviewed by literary critics as a play that is about a relationship between two men in a society that is dominated by heterosexuals. The play begins by introducing Gallimard who work for the French embassy in China; he falls in love with a beautiful oriental woman named Song who happens to be a man. Gallimard never knew that Song is a communist spy who makes him fall in love with her so that she can extract information from him about the ongoing war of Vietnam. Author Kekla Magoon wrote, “People make mistakes. They look at the surface of things and see what they want to”, this explains why Gallimard never wanted to admit to have knowledge of Song’s real identity. The book deeply addresses the issue of stereotypes in relationships and sexually identity in different cultures. There are two different stereotypes oriental female and the western male. The western male is known to be deeply masculine which makes him to be very powerful and dominates in the society. On the other hand, the oriental female is known to be both exotic and eager to be dominated. Gallimard completely believes in stereotypes by which he chooses a Chinese woman to be his mistress because he felt that he was sexually inferior in his mind. In the play, Gallimard thinks that he knows everything and anything about the East and West but in reality Song, the woman who is actually a man knows more than he could ever understand. M. Butterfly explores the impact of cultural and sexual stereotypes between people from two different cultures.

1. Butterfly gives a demonstration about the dangers that come about in living a life satisfied with shallow stereotypes and mythical life. Gallimard has a desire of having a submissive Oriental woman but this was only a mental imagination that was only fulfilled in his mind. This closed his eyes not to see every truth about his mistress. He even refused to accept that Song was a man until he came and stood naked before him. This ignorance of Gallimard on the stereotype cost him all he had including his wife, his career and also his dignity. Later on most importantly he lost his life. Gallimard’s expectation to withdraw from the relationship was turned down when he said that he has “known, and been loved by, the perfect woman” (Hwang 23). This declaration shows that Gallimard is in this relationship intentionally.

At this point, Hwang’s setting of the play articulates the stand of the western belief which is contrary to that of the Eastern customs and they way of life. He also takes this chance to evaluate sexual dominance between the two civilized cultures. The eastern culture is dominated by heterosexual couples whereby people have married those of the opposite sex. This is not the case in the Western culture because a good number of couples comprised people of the same gender. The two stereotypes are clearly seen with their differences highlighted.

            Gallimard and Song carry on with their relationship that ended up in jail after twenty years.  Gallimard gets infatuated with Song hence showing her all his love. He uttered very powerful love messages like “All ecstatic with love, the heavens are filled with laughter,” (Hwang 33). He told her beautiful love messages that show indeed he loved her. This affair came to last for twenty years before Gallimard’s realization of the truth. At this point, Gallimard’s conduct towards Song his dear wife gives a background knowledge that the audience ought to grasp. Gallimard sexual demand from Song brings the issue of modesty which is a condition Song puts. Gallimard insists on seeing her nakedness but Song is unwilling to let her nakedness to be seen. This leaves the sexual identity unverified. Soon after the context, Song pronounces her pregnancy whereby Gallimard decides to marry her. This relationship continues until both are arrested by the French government after they were caught for espionage. The outward nature of this homosexual is seen because they have been a disturbance even to the government.

            The critical problem of this play is the people’s perception of whether Gallimard was a homosexual. Furthermore the study and analysis of this play narrows its points to a political realm that has a limited view point to the readers. With regard to these concerns, Hwang has been interviewed severally so that he can clearly explain various aspects of the stereotypes and matters concerning heterosexuality. In 1989, Hwang was interviewed by Don Digaetani concerning Gallimard being homosexual; he gave an open ended question. He goes on to discuss the issue of homosexual which was cropping up in various cultures majorly those of the East (Hwang & Digaetani, 145). It is interesting that the play was released during the time when homosexuality was becoming accepted in the society. It is during 1980s that it was done openly but no one could come up to question this because it was a controversial topic. Right from the beginning of the play, Hwang has used this type of stereotype to condemn it.

            Going deep into Gallimard and Song’s inner sexuality perspectives, the wise audience would definitely know that both are gays. Their mode of presentation also communicates a symbolic message about the larger sphere of the western countries and their sexual extent. For instance, Song’s makeup while making the presentation is stark white which represents the beauty standards of the west. It also conveys the theme of homosexuality despite him hiding this identity by masking himself with a white heterosexual body (Eng 139).

            Focusing on Gallimard’s homosexual nature, Hwang has used several symbols that prove that he is a gay. When was taken to the small prison cell, a symbolic significant deductions can be made. The small prison symbolizes Gallimard’s rejection from his home place after being known to be a homosexual. The act of imprisonment represents how the homosexual acts and thoughts were locked out of the heterosexual world. The theme of coldness is also developed throughout the play. Song talks of Gallimard being cold sexually during their first romantic experience which they had had (Hwang 34).  This represents the moral coldness that comes out of shame of being a homosexual in a heterosexual world. This coldness drives Gallimard in a pit of guilt and blemish making him to commit suicide. When Gillard is about to commit suicide, he sounds the words again about dying an honorable death of being a heterosexual.

            Hwang’s theme of comparison between the Western and Eastern cultures shows the privilege of being in a heterosexual world. Many people both the audience fail to see the importance of the two main characters of the play, Gallimard and Song. The struggle between the two comes as a result of being in a homosexual setup in a society that is dominated by heterosexual couples. Hwang develops this section of the play to show the difficult lives homosexuals undergo and more particularly those in the  western countries. This tends to discourage those who wish to be homosexual to stick in heterosexuality. Morals standards can also be deducted from the play whereby homosexuality is as a source of immorality which led the two gays into prison.

            Hwang has perfectly used the aspect of dominance, masculinity and submissiveness of the two cultures in an amazing way. At the beginning of the play, he talks of dominance and them being powerful which is literally true because the Western dominance resulted to the colonization of the Eastern countries. Similarly in the sexual world, the heterosexual dominance has squeezed the homosexuality by making it proving it wrong and unacceptable by the community. “Death with honor is better than life life with dishonor,” (Hwang 27).  This is a statement made by Gallimard just before his death. It confirms that it is honorable to be in a heterosexual engagement. His kind of death is a death with dishonor to the society because the homosexual nature is not part of the society.  The kind of death that both gays died was a representation of how low and unacceptable the homosexuals should be in the community. Hwang’s message to the society is not to let homosexuals dominate because it would bring massive destruction on morals of the society. The play is an outstanding one and many should draw lessons from it.

Works Cited

Eng, David L. Racial Castration: Managing Masculinity in Asian America. Durham [N.C.]: Duke, 2001. Print.

Glover, David, and Cora Kaplan . Genders. 2nd. New York: Routledge, 2009. Print.

Hwang, David Henry. M. Butterfly. New York, N.Y.: New American Library, 1989. Print.

Hwang, David, and John Digaetani. ‘M Butterfly’: An Interview with David Henry

THE MILLIONAIRE NEXT DOOR BOOK REVIEW

            This book is a collection of various profiles of millionaires carried through a research by two PhD authors that is Thomas Stanley and William Danko. The use of the word millionaire has a more specific meaning in the book as it is used to refer to the United States households together with the net worth that go beyond one million dollars. Therefore the authors compare the behaviors of those that are regarded as under accumulators of wealth and the prodigious accumulators of wealth. According to the authors, the under accumulators of wealth are a representation of a certain level of people who basically have a lower net worth than that of their earnings. Thus the under accumulation strategy is viewed by the authors as the practice where an individual uses more of his/ her income than the rate at which he or she is saving the earnings. Thus according to the book the under accumulators only have a net worth that amounts to a tenth of their age multiplied by the present yearly income from all sources of income. Therefore for a conclusion to be made whether a person is an under accumulator or rather a prodigious accumulator, the wealth accumulated after the calculation would be a half of the result for the under accumulators while the result would be twice for the prodigious accumulators as seen in chapter three (Stanley et al 1-7).

            On the other hand, the prodigious accumulators of wealth are the ones regarded by the authors as millionaires since they accumulate twice the individual’s age and a tenth of the individuals recognized earnings. In the authors research findings they noted that a large number of millionaires that they had outlined did not have extravagant standards of living as most of the people would expect.

This was supported by the little expenses that these millionaires spent on purchasing luxurious things such as cars, suits and expensive watches as gathered from a survey that they carried out. The book therefore majors on two themes that involve elaborating on the reasons as to why the millionaires accumulate more wealth and also contrasting linking the balance sheet for those with the high net worth and those with lower net worth but have higher earnings (Stanley et al 71-108 ).

            Chapter one of the book especially page one gives the reader the current situation at hand in our economy as it gives an outline of news.  Just as the sub title of this chapter the author elaborates the meaning of the subtitle bringing out clearly the meaning of the neighbor at the next door. The authors in their definition in this chapter they provide us with an illustration where they state that there is a high probability that even at the place of residence for the middle class individuals there might be a millionaire living there next door. These wealthy people that occupy same location as those of the middle class men tend to live a middle level lifestyle as they own the same type of houses that the middle class people has (Stanley et al 7-26).

            In chapter two the authors describes about the frugal concept where the wealthy are regarded as economical in the way they lead their lives. They are frugal in the way they spend their finances on the luxurious things and this makes the major reason as to why they are regarded as millionaires as they use little of their earnings that their total income which is high. An estimate of 50% of the wealthy American people survey reports has shown that they are frugal (Stanley et al 27-70).

Generally, the two authors define wealth in terms of the net worth which is a much permanent financial independent indicator for the long run. Their definition is not at any chance based on the gross income or the kind of lifestyle that one leads. This is a challenge to many people as they define wealth in the other way than that of the authors. The authors in this book have thus set a straight record as it has adequate data to reinforce their arguments. The book also utilizes more of charts with essential data which is presented nicely and the information in the book is quite interesting. Among the interesting things about the book, the reader is able to understand how most of the Americans manage to live far beyond their income.

            The book is among the best selling books but however it has its pitfall. The book advocates for more of the frugal concept and more of saving with an intention for a better long run. However, it is quite clear that no one knows of the time of death and yet again in the long run we must all die. This leaves questions as to why we should work hard to get more income to save for others to use in the long run when we die and why not use it at the moment for a better lifestyle. However the book has a lot of teachings on wealth accumulation and any reader who reads this book has a better way to approach wealth issues.

            Reference

Stanley, Thomas J. The Millionnaire Next Door: The Surprising Secrets of America's Wealth. New York:       MJF Books, 2003. Print.

            "What Do You Remember?"

            There are different causes of discrepancy in the memory in the existence of human beings.  The gaps in memory as well as errors can be described as incomplete recall of information regarding the details of a particular thing or event (Addis, Barense, & Duarte, 2015).  Memory discrepancy is the failure of the memory to recall what happened in a particular time in the past (Addis, Barense, & Duarte, 2015).

            I clearly remember an event that occurred years ago. My grandmother was suffering from a migraine which is a recurring headache throbbing that affects one side of the head and is accompanied by poor vision and nausea.  She had lived with the disease for almost a year and since she lived with us I was very attached to her. After visiting various hospitals the disease was diagnosed and she received treatment a month after my cousin come to live with us. A few months ago I asked my cousin about the illness but unfortunately, she could not recall the full details about the illness. This, therefore, illustrates the difference in memory lapses between us.

            The memory gap between me and my  cousin is due to distinct reasons which include, expectations, changes in the environment as well as emotional engagement in the event.  The likelihood of the memory gap between the two of us is due to the lengthening of retention period between memory retrieval as well as memory encoding. This results in the likelihood of error in remembering as well as forgotten details of the event (Addis, Barense, & Duarte, 2015). I was attached to my grandmother more than my cousin and this shows that my expectations were higher than hers.  Environmental changes may also be an influence to the memory gap existing between the both of us.

            Reference      

Addis, D. R., Barense, M., & Duarte, A. (2015). The Wiley handbook on the cognitive      neuroscience of memory.

Ode to New York City

New York City! My still bewildered by the beauty you pose

Especially the beautiful people living in you,

No, no, not forgetting nature, infrastructure, sites beauty

Against all the pale and high towers, your light is glorious

And the light strikes the sky’s ligtining.

New York, It is unthinkable that you still the word’s capital

 I beg, maintain that nature

And maintain the entertainment

The nature’s lyric connects the people with you even more. 

You are a city that offers joy

Unforgettable moments to those that passes by you

The sleepless city, yet it is full of reams

 These Dreams that have to be fulfilled but only by you, 

At night stars covering your sky that which is distinct from the rest’

It is your time now New York,

Gove the reckoning,

It is a time to provide the signs,

Listen to your heart and the heart of those

That treasures you.

Hold more festivals, events,

All that is needed to store ad generate more memories,

Grow more pavements, with streets immemorial

Get lead of city issues, separate yourself from commonness.

New York, permit the flow of blood into your veins.

Let it wash all the rust, restore life

To those elements that were demolished.

Let this provide the your streets and bridges with curve beauty,

With hips and admirable structures,

Now that the old ages are returning, restore,

That that was lost,

Let reconciliation guide the truth of the day and the beauty of the night.

New York City! In every seven days,

Create heaven with bursts of laughter,

Smile more and create a mirage in your beautiful

And glowing eyes

New York City, the city of immense beauty