The dance in the exhibition places emphasis on shape and line with a style that looks basically balletic. The motives and methods are quite different. The dance is basically about the movement of people and seems to align with the philosophy of freedom which is indicated by the lack of clear connection with stories, music or feelings. It is not choreographed on that basis. It shows the collaboration of different movements of the body to show the difference with common dances in the world of art. The dance style follows sequences of movements that seems improbable, showing unexpected shift of direction, weight and which don’t follow the same pattern of the legs (The guardian, 2008). The idea of uncertainty is used in the performances to shuffle and splice together existing choreography from distinct work of art.
In this work the philosophy of independence is central as seen where the dancer is often alone while designs works as the environment which sometimes looks hostile. It involves a mixture of legato and staccato elements with intense usage of torso, feet and legs. The dance looks disconnected with any emotions and focuses more on the physical movement of the body. It is the kind of art in which the dancer aesthetically articulate their goal not depending on the things portrayed in the art (ICA Boston, 2015). The show proceeds to show further archival photographs of dancers, with what looks like monumental organizational attempts, showing the richness and scale of the subject matter. The exhibition shows artistic work that is about immersion and influence, with captivating dance performance. The displays using their choreography and sets of decorations allow viewers to be part of an experience whose growth came from “experience sharing”.
References
ICA Boston,(2015). Dancer Silas Riener on Working with Merce Cunningham. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWHYCDiFWEk
Literary canon describes the most representative work of literature on which the studies of English and American literature are anchored. Literature cannot be said to have attained the sophistication level at which it can serious be studied if it doesn’t have canon. Scholarly work create canon through availing accurate texts and defining terms used for the study (Dobbs, 62). For instance folk literature may not have canons until scholars get involved in the act, analyzing and correlating oral transmission of song or tale. The study of literature creation and testing any claim for the place of the literature in canon makes one a better reader. Canons can distort literature through the introduction of biases that are predictable in interpretation.
Genre as a type of literature is normally characterized by a certain form, style or content. Various types of genres including drama, poetry, fiction or non- fiction have specific features which differentiate from one another. In genre there is much usage of figurative language in order to place more emphasis, to show resemblance or relationship or even figures of sound (Makaryk, 84). These devices of literature use the figurative language to appeal the readers’ senses, and they usually go beyond the literal definition of the words to giver new insights to the readers. The genres are not normally divided up using constant criteria, but such criteria may change frequently be subject of arguments or criticism. Even some loose terms such as fiction cannot be applied universally to every fictitious literature. What makes genre distinct is that they share some characteristics (Makaryk, 85). They may also use epiphany while the writers need to show character growth or offer a rationale for a shift in the plot of the genre.
Literature lenses make it possible to read a literature works through focusing on various meanings or details. One has a choice for which lenses to use while reading a certain text. Their main aim is to assist in the understanding of various ways texts are read; with a proponent of each believing theirs to the true one. Historical criticism requires that one apply a given text to a given historical information regarding time in which it was written by the author. Feminist criticism involves seeing the weaknesses in a society which hinder women from realizing their abilities or identifying women as just negative objects. This lens uses the notion of gender as a cultural tool. Genre analysis involves understanding text in the non-literal communication so as to get the intended meaning (Maloy, 1).
My growth as a writer has involved the understanding that even a professional writer starts from somewhere. It is not possible that the first attempt in writing will produce a perfect draft. The stage of revision is a very important and separates the writer from other writers who are less experienced. Various strategies can be used in the revision, which allows the experimentation with writing while offering freedom for creation of a nearly perfect paper. Peer review is one strategy that can be applied in the process.
My writing skills have improved after learning on how to integrate the writing and thinking especially in the translation of main research findings into the classroom work, and in preparation for my assessments. The growth has involved the use of textual evidence in the writing process and the use of different sources for information. This knowledge will be very useful in my college work in future since it will assist me in the comparison of various interpretation of work done by literary scholars.
Lawrence Berkove, author of “Fatal Self Assertion In Kate Chopin’s “The Story Of An Hour”’ introduces his essay by outlining Kate Chopin’s short story “The Story of An Hour” (Berkove 152). Berkove notes that the American literature story has had a significant agreement of what the story tells how a brave woman dies, sarcastically and unfortunately after a constricting marriage which acknowledges the self-assertion of her being (Berkove 152). Berkove distinguishes his approach from others by telling the story of Louise Mallard due to the deep level of irony in the story. Berkove portrays Louise as a female protagonist who is young and is an injured party of her “self-assertion”.
Berkove thesis is confidence which Mrs. Mallard lack during her marriage (Berkove 152). In order to support his thesis, Berkove shows Louise as a weak woman who had heart problems that could not handle the assertion of self as she fantasized about freedom. Berkove further supports it through the recognition of the ironic level which is distinguished by the author, the narrator and the undependable protagonist (Berkove 152).
Berkove reference on Per Seyersted biography on Kate Chopin analyzes the story as a neutral extreme example of the self-assertion theme (Berkove 153). The source in his end notes expresses what Berkove feels about what Chopin story indicates. In support of the thesis, Berkove shows how the story was radical in relation to the attack on the marriage and dominance over the other.
Berkove fells Kate Chopin story is about Louise. This is because the narrator takes the reader through Louise mind with no textual justification of attitudes ascribed to the narrator. It was difficult for Louise but unacceptable to Berkove. Berkove has used the examples to support his thesis as he shows the simple truth of about the story as it is not about marriage or society but as Louise story of a weak woman (Berkove 153).
Berkove concludes his essay by showing the significance of Louise wishes to be able to live for herself. She sacrificed for her husband due to her own inability of surviving in her own immature, self desires. The thesis explains about a character and not a marriage which Berkove says it was a fair choice for Louise. Berkove interprets that the meaning of the story aims at making the audience sympathize with Louise though it is her feelings that were subjected to scrutiny for being selfish (Berkove 158).
Work Cited
Berkove, Lawrence I. “Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin’s ‘The Story of an Hour’.” American Literary Realism, 32.2 (Winter 2000): 152-158. Print.
Learning about epiphany was amazing. This is because I learned something new about the exploration of various manifestations of the epiphany literary experienced by the character in fiction. The research was based on the short story analysis that was quite fulfilling. The easiest part of the analysis was choosing the story to write about. This is because the story is interesting and easy to relate to. I spared some time to read the story that made me realize the worth of reading it. This made it the most enjoyable time of the analysis. It was eye opening I was able to develop my literature skills in reading and coming up with an analysis.
However, I faced some difficulties in the research and the analysis. First I found it difficult in finding the epiphanies to describe on the character chosen. Since I was not so familiar with it slowed down my analysis process. It was even more frustrating for me in introducing the sources as I need to fully understand the context of the story. Despite the story being interesting, it was more difficult in finding the short story. There are many in numbers and the right choice was difficult to identify.
After the analysis, the teacher feedback really offered great support to me as it made me correct and fix the mistakes in my initial analysis. I revised by research by first changing the quotes that I had used in ending some paragraphs. I was able to state Eduardo epiphany directly in order to make some sense. I was able to give more significant information in the research and outlined the reason why Yolanda had a problem with it. I added some more additional quotes from the story in order to support my argument when he brought the typewriter home and the apology made for his behavior. I added more relevant information about Walt Whitman according to the teacher feedback that would make my research more credible and strong. The whole experience for me was enjoyable and worth remembering. I believe I met the objective of the research that made me satisfied.
Tennessee William has expressed some Southern fiction in “A Streetcar Named Desire”. To begin with William described a desire to be a deep feeling rooted in longing for a companionship that haunts every individual. The story struck the southern society as they could relate to it. This was as a result of lack of trust tradition that the people felt to the government and the nuclear attacks. The fiction first considered the effect of the conflicts that characterized the society as they had different perception of an individual to the society and personal reality. Blanche expression of her freedom went against the society which Stanley realizes and tends to weaken her by exposing her to the outside world. Mitch and Stella distanced themselves from Blanche due to the past immoral relationship she had as they were blinded by the differences found in Blanche (Williams 23).
The effects of personal struggle in William occurred when his reality did not coincide with that of inner fantasies. This is portrayed by Blanche illusive way of accepting her circumstances as she fails to accept her reality. Her drinking and long hot baths is an indication of her attempts to wash away her past (Williams 119). Another fiction was on the society victimization and female self-expression. Blanche has been shown as a different woman who despite of being educated she was constrained by the southern society. She further knew that she needed a man to protect and lean on. Stanley always smashed thing but no one could confront his behavior. The society was further portrayed to be male dominated while women lack authority. This can be seen when Blanche is unable to make an alliance with power giving Stanley the power to dominate her. The attempted rape of Blanche by Mitch indicates that women were handled as objects (Williams 101).
Work Cited
Williams, Tennessee. A Streetcar Named Desire. , 2004. New York: New Directions.
Lipley, Baker and Ouma presents similar information based on the adverse effects associated with the fear of flying. Emergency Care Association requires new development framework in order to develop the trade and nursing union. The article by Baker also focus on health concern and asserts that Aboriginal people in regional center such as Port Augusta need to be valued in terms of their health and implement the postcolonial theory in considering their well-being. Ouma presents the adverse effect of fear of flying and presents a scenario where Weapons Safety Officer experienced symptoms during flight. Generally, the articles assert that the fear of flying is an issue of concern and measures should be taken in order to cater for the health of individuals so that they can arrive at their destination safely.
The Royal College of Nursing should take measures to develop and improve the ECA and Faculty of Emergency Nursing (Lipley, 2013). Both ECA and FEN are important and they will play a significant role in Emergency Department by ensuring that there is a balance in nursing workload, there is balance in staffing level and ED will have the ability to assess the time needed for equivalent workforce in the department (Lipley, 2013). The tools are effective in that departmental and patients pathways will be improved and eliminate the disparity in staffing. Other point is that both tools will support the professionals in emergency nursing and establish induction programmer which will bring benefit to people (Lipley, 2013). The government is also concerned with the outbreak of flu pandemic and in response; it is proving guidance as well as contingency planning to prevent the flu in affecting the life of people.
Baker asserts that the global expansion has made people to move from place to other to find a living and economic benefit but the appalling this is that lives of many people become uncertain. In other words, aboriginal people face various complexities in life and in this scenario, the author focuses on Aboriginal people in Port Augusta and takes into concern their health and social needs (Jenny, 2010). It is important to reinforce the intersectoral collaboration in order to bring substantial change to the health of Aboriginal people. In presenting the topic of health in general, people should involve issues which has do to with human geography, home, place and other related issues. Focusing on the regional center, Port of August has a high population of Aboriginal people and the higher level is as a result of mining and energy (Jenny, 2010). Both Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal people are experiencing poverty and poor health and these are issue which needs measures in order to create a strong Aboriginal community. In addition, young people lack interaction, have low social wellbeing, lack respect, lack confidence and social capital. Generally, Aboriginal people in Port August are portrayed with a negative insight. These are issues which require response to ensure that these people are not isolated or discriminate due to color, culture or gender (Jenny, 2010). However, the developed companies from mining have implemented strategic measures to ensure that there is no social exclusion or economic issues affecting these people. There is also public awareness campaign for the purpose of reinforcing employment opportunities.
Focusing on fear of flying, Ouma (2012) presents important background information based on the adverse effects associated with fear of flying. He presents a scenario which shows that WSO as a member of the fighter community asserts that personally he had experienced fear of the flight symptoms such as anxiety, muscle tension, low self-confidence and emotional distress (Ouma, 2012). He asserts that all these symptoms emerged due to bad wealthier, aircraft malfunctions and other uncontrollable factors. Despite the fact that he uses cognitive behavioral therapy in treating the symptoms, he is unable to manage his stress. This clearly shows that though flying is the safest transportation method, the problem of fear of flying is not dealt with and failure to respond increases the risk of accidents and negative emotions which develops into psychological symptoms (Ouma, 2012). According to the article by Ouma, many people talks about ‘bad flight’ and a large number fears the crashing, closes spaces, heights and hijacking. However, this is an issue which can be treated and in this case, education is very important as it informs the travelers about the physical safety and ways of reducing anxiety (Ouma, 2012). Behavioral therapies can also be effective in overcoming phobias. For example, systematic desensitization identifies the stimulus hierarchy, provides coping techniques and develops the hierarchy of fears. Neuroscientists also asserts that fear of flight can be dealt with through the use of neuroception since it prevents the stress hormones (Ouma, 2012).
Conclusion
The articles present similar information based on health and measures to improve the wellbeing. Emergency nurses are required in providing emergency medical care. RCN is planning to develop ECA and FED in order to ensure that patients arrive at their destination safely and in case of accidents they get rescue without delay. The articles have also touched on the wellbeing of Aboriginal people and assert that the re-location is also associated with negative healthy impact and other social problems and it is important to re-examine the postcolonial theory in order to effectively address the healthy problems
Reference
Lipley Nick (2013). Fear of flying: Anonymous Emergency Nurse. (pg. 3) ProQuest Central.
Jenny Baker (2010). Fear of flying: Rural Society. 20:1, 21-34, DOI: 10.5172/rsj.20.1.21
Ouma A. Joseph (2012). You’re the flight surgeon: sudden onset of flying phobia .Aviat Space Environ
The chapters in the book have organized in such a way that the reader is able to understand the flow of events in the book. For instance, the information in the chapter 1 the book majorly mainly explains its thesis thus giving the reader a clear view of how the events unfold. Moreover, each and every chapter has its own plot which it basically talks about. This consequently allows the reader to be able to understand how events have been changing and how each and everything that takes place in the book has been categorized (Chapter 4, p. 104). On the other hand, the writer has incorporated the use of examples in order to clearly explain in brief each and everything that the chapters discuss this consequently enables the reader to understand clearly without feeling bored while reading. The chapters also follow the chronological order of events, thus allowing the reader to be able to understand how and why certain activities took place before other activities could have happened. In addition, the chronological flow of events enables the reader to be able to understand how certain political activities were influenced by other activities.
Each and every chapter has a topic sentence, which enables the reader to be able to reflect whatever information the book carries. Furthermore, the chapters also have a thesis statement which is fully supported by the explanation and the evidence provided in the chapters (Chapter 4, p. 105). Due to the research that the writer has done in order to write the book is also good, since the writer has been able to come up with information which is very significant and thus makes the reader to gain very important information as he or she reads through the book.
Each and every chapter also has an introductory paragraph, which familiarizes the reader with the chapter, thus enabling the reader to be able to understand whatever the chapter is talking about. On the other hand, the chapters also have sub topics, which clearly explains more about the topic at hand in the chapter. For instance, in chapter 4, the book talks about the world’s industrialization which is a very significant topic of discussion. The chapter explains how newly industrialized countries (NIC’s) moved from low level industries into high value industries. This chapter therefore equips the reader with the knowledge of how newly industrialized countries became highly industrialized as time went by (Chapter 4, p. 106). Moreover, the chapter also explains why certain changes had to take place in order for the countries to be able to become highly industrialized.
In chapter 1, the book clearly explains how the cold war led to the rise of the centred US capitalism world economy. This was after the country deployed its military in Europe in order to contain Russia and China during the Second World War. This saw the US capitalist economy dominating in different parts of Europe, as the country offered grants and loans to different countries in Europe (Chapter 4, p. 107). The US was therefore in total control of the European economy as it dictated the way each and every country’s economy operated. This therefore gave the US the total power to be able to control Europe and thus locking out Russia and China which had very strong economies, and were likely to control the economy of Europe. The book therefore explains very well how the cold war made the capitalist economy of the US to dominate in Europe and in different parts of the world.
Kate Chopin, Story of an Hour portrays a pessimistic outlook of marriage through a clear presentation to the reader of a female who vividly overjoyed her husband death (Chopin 198). Through language Kate Chopin has been able to express the emotions Louise Mallard emotions that she oscillates between her new found freedom and numbness. The story observes a simple style but vibrant and powerful when emotions are described. Through this, it is easy to suggest that Louise had a deeper life that was confined within and had little that was attached to the outer world of her companions and husband. Kate Chopin has illustrated the “story of an hour” through literature devices such as emotions, repetition, irony, feminism and theme in order to give a clear understanding of the story through the different interpretations.
The theme of unhealthy marriage has been well portrayed. The marriage life of Mrs. Mallard is characterized by forbidden joy. Due to this kind of marriage Mrs. Mallard is deprived of her independence indicating little rights women had in the 19th century. According to Jamil Selina in “Emotions in The Story of an Hour,” Mrs. Mallard represented a woman who unconsciously surrenders her heart as it was a requirement of culture. As the society expects Mrs. Mallard to be, she was submissive which gives her husband the right to impose on her private will (Jamil 216). In The Story of an Hour, Kate Chopin has outlined the fact that surrounded Mr. Mallard death which translates freedom for Mrs. Mallard showing the irony of marriage which can be understood as it highlights the role of women during the century.
Mrs. Mallard is scared of freedom due to the nature of her unhealthy marriage which restricted her in many ways. She could hardly express herself due to emotion, physical and mental barriers thus making her life look like that of a caged bird that emerges the right time to go about and explore the world. It is clearly evident that she clearly expresses relief after her husband died when she whispers freedom several times which means that her suffering has come to an end (Chopin 200). This is an indication of her unhealthy marriage. Through this, she feels an overpowering joy that she experience and understands when she began to leave the room. Mrs. Mallard recognizes that through the death of her husband and breaking the subsequent marriage tie will be an independent woman who has no one to hold her accountable for her actions (Chopin 200).
According to Jamil Selina in “Emotions in ‘The Story of an Hour’” Kate Chopin has used emotions in her story in order to portray the suffering of Mrs. Mallard in her unhealthy marriage as a way of connecting the audience to the life of Mrs. Mallard (Jamil 215). Selina demonstrates Mrs. Mallard powerful impact of emotions when she receives the reports of her husband demise. Jamil Selina acknowledges Kate Chopin that Mrs. Mallard thought of it as it was only yesterday when her life might be long (Jamil 216). Kate Chopin in Jamil Selina portrays Mrs. Mallard to be different from other women who would not easily accept the death of their husband and on the contrary, she was aroused from the flood of her emotions to reach out to her soul (Jamil 216).
Jamil Selina has been able to identify Kate Chopin investigation on emotions that fits the argument of R. J. Dolan’s argument of the influence emotions have which do not necessarily relate to simple attention. There was an engaging sense of perception that was emotions stimuli. Mrs. Mallard was able to see a new life through an opening that should breath of rain in the air to demonstrate that there were joy and inspiration in her. According to Jamil Selina, the presence of emotions in Mrs. Mallard life is an indication of openness, sympathy, and mindfulness. Selina has outline Chopin’s capability to point out Mrs. Mallard consciousness to the sudden occurrence of her life.
Jamila Selina credits Chopin ability to demonstrate Louise physical changes through the emotions that connect to her soul and body. She feels connected to the physical world her body is able to respond to emotions. Chopin has utilized nature to symbolize the power of emotions which shows a new life in Louise life signifying power and vigor (Jamil 218). In the eyes of the society the emotions that Louise portrayed were connected to illness (Jamil 219). Through the emotions that were created by the suffering Louise was able to realize that it was a path that will facilitate her self-discovery for her husband would have never allowed it. The profound freedom led to severe physical changes that eventually results to Louise death. Chopin has been able the power of emotions that allows her to recognize the immeasurable beauty of life where she recognizes the pain of Louise husband’s death is regarded as joy for Louise that eventually kill her.
Joyce Karpay has identified a critical feminist view in “the story of an hour”. This focuses on the female oppression that was experienced in the 19th century and more specifically in marriage during that time (Karpay 184). During this time women were seen as objects and were possessed by their spouses as they have diminutive or no power of their own being. In the story, Chopin discloses the tragic situation of Louise during the close discovery of Louise and through expressive aspects of the story. The first sentence of the story by Chopin is an indication of oppression as she is named Mrs. Mallard. She is given the husband name and it is later in the story we learn about her name. The overcoming the grief of her husband death indicates a female as an emotional person in comparison to men (Karpay 185). Chopin indicated the Mrs. Mallard heart complications make the reader notice a weaker being at the start of the story generally showing a naturally weaker character.
Joyce Karpay identifies another weak moment shown by Chopin when Mrs. Mallard went to the room unaccompanied to continue with her grief. “She sank to the seat and she pressed down by the physical exhaustion in order to reach to her soul” shows a strong emotion but also indicates that Mrs. Mallard could not handle it physically either further showing her as a weaker person (Chopin 199). The feminist theory takes place when Mrs. Mallard sits down and appears like a strong woman who looks through the large window which is an indication of open opportunities that are available to her. According to Chopin the “rights imposed on fellow women by their men is powerful as it makes them blind not to see the oppression” signifies feminist theory showing that women were oppressed (Karpay 184).
“The New Woman of The New South” by Josephine Henry puts into consideration the women rights that the south women wanted. Henry supported the husband-wife Bill for married women to have equal rights of possessing and controlling property (Henry 93). These rights were meant to overcome the challenges of oppression that Louise went through. The modern southern woman did not desire the ballot but wanted an open form of expression their opinions in an arena. Henry also took into consideration of the woman club life when men were protected by law especially in the urban life dens filed with crime and drunkenness. This indicates that women were ridiculed a fact that the modern southern woman wanted to abolish (Henry 95).
Lawrence Berkove is a critic of Kate Chopin “The Story of an Hour” as he argues that the story is more ironic rather than plainspoken. Berkove recognizes that the story has a widespread pattern of making assumptions in which an expected and an ordinary reasoning is applied to the unexplained facts about Mrs. Mallard (Berkove 152). Berkove argues that there is no hard evidence that shows suppression of Mrs. Mallard as well as a constant sacrifice. He argues that “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin is about Louise and not marriage and society because non-textual assumptions have been used. Berkove takes into consideration “bespoke repression and a certain strength” to be unclear as the cause for repression might have been external which is the society and internal which is her marriage (Chopin 199). Berkove blames Louise weak observations of Chopin view of women oppression to contradict and mislead the textual evidence (Berkove 153).
Conclusion
“The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin has many literary devices that can be observed. The devices such as feminism, emotions, repetition, theme and irony can be noticed throughout the story have contributed to an overall impact of the story. This has enhanced a deep understanding to the readers of Kate Chopin story of the position women held in the 19th century. The writing styles have been greatly incorporated making the story achieve a remarkable recognition by other writers who explore the story of an hour further giving it more recognition.
Work Cited
Berkove, Lawrence I. “Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin’s ‘The Story of an Hour’.” American Literary Realism, 32.2 (Winter 2000): 152-158. Print.
Chopin, Kate. "The Story of an Hour." Reading and Writing about Literature. Ed. Phillip Sipiora. Boston, MA: Pearson, 2002: 199-200. Print.
Henry, Josephine K. "The New Woman of the New South." Patterson, Martha H., ed. American New Woman Revisited: A Reader, 1894-1930. New Brunswick, NJ, USA: Rutgers University Press, 2008. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 12 January 2015.
"Jamil, Selina S. “Emotions in The Story of an Hour.” The Explicator, 67.3 (Spring 2009): 215-220. Print.
Karpay, Joyce. “Feminist Criticism.” Reading and Writing about Literature, 2nd ed. Ed. Phillip Sipiora. Boston, MA: Pearson, 2002: 183-187. Print.
Throughout the semester having attended all the lectures and doing my essays, I have learnt a lot since I have gained knowledge I did not possess earlier on. I have come across interesting materials that have taught me life lessons. I intend to apply the knowledge in my life since I have learnt important lessons that have encouraged me. Therefore this paper will focus on analyzing whatever I have learnt, stating what has interested me and how the information acquired will help me throughout my life.
I have written a number of essays but the most interesting one I came across was the Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin. This story shows us how women go through hand ships in their marriages but remain submissive to their husbands. It was interesting how Mrs. Ballard became free after news that her husband had died. Rather than being affected by the news of her husband’s death she was happy since she knew she would get her freedom back. Later on after learning that her husband was still alive, the news affected her and she passed on. This was rather strange since normally people do not get happy after learning that their loved ones have died. This story taught me that women suffer in their marriages without sharing their stories. Women remain submissive to their husbands even when they are not happy in the marriages. Again women get married because of several reasons such as financial support rather than because of love. Therefore the marriages are built on other reasons rather than love and because of this, happiness is not possible in the marriages.
My critical reading, listening, thinking, and writing have changed over the last 15 weeks since I have learnt new things I did not know existed. Critical thinking and reading has sharpened not only my life as a student but general life in the society. I have learnt the importance of planning myself thus gaining skills that are enabling me move forward and make wise decisions. I am now able to solve my problems in a more reasonable manner than before where I had to involve even other people in my problems. In the period of the 15 weeks I have been learning I am now able to visit the library and read online materials that are sharpening my reading skills. I have acquired important information which I never thought I would but through learning I am now able to do things on my own. I am able to undertake research on my own, come up with subjects and live independently without depending only on my instructors for information. Through learning in class I am now able to use my critical thinking skills in learning new technology and applying the technology as one of my research sources. I am able to use technology in learning new information either in form of written materials and movies and this has sharpened my reading and listening skills. I have become more courageous in a manner that I can address people without much fear since my communication and presentation skills have been sharpened unlike before where I would not address people. Therefore, I have become more creative and gained skills which have enabled me become a better person in the society.
My instructor has been very supportive throughout the semester by explaining all I need to learn and understand in the most professional and efficient manner. I have gained knowledge on how to write good essays using the correct grammar so that I can sharpen my writing skills. Through doing class presentations my communication skills have greatly improved since I get corrected in case I go wrong. My writing, listening and communication skills according to the professor have greatly improved. What I need to improve checking on the instructors comments is my reading skills. My instructor has encouraged me to read more and more materials that will sharpen my reading skills and ensure my writing skills become excellent. I have to work extra hard and ensure I read more articles, books and journals so that my reading skills can improve. I need to visit the library as many times as possible since I only visit the library twice every week. My instructor has encouraged me to use the internet as many times as possible since there are important reading materials if the internet. I should utilize the materials since it is easier to read materials online rather than visiting the library. I can read online whenever I am even when travelling since technology ahs ensured that all reading materials are online. Books are also found online which I need to utilize so that my language can be excellent therefore have the best communications skills. I intend to follow the instructions of my instructor and thus read as many materials as ever so that I can improve. Therefore this semester has been of help to me since I have added knowledge and gained skills that I did not have before.
The phrase “Good for me, good for you, bad for us” alludes to the Tragedy of the Comons concept which involves an individual trying to obtain the greatest benefits from a certain resource for self-interest. According to the video everyone is trying to exploit the resources so that they can satisfy their needs, which is actually good for them but a problem arises when what is best for both of them is ignored. The video mentions three resources which include the pastures, fisheries and the atmosphere which every person uses to fulfill their needs without a caring about the effects it would have on both of them (Mapelqvist, 2009). The tragedy alluded to by the phrase in the video represent an economic problem where the individuals wants to have for themselves as much as they can regardless of the effects this will have in the welfare of the whole society. For instance, the sheep provides meat for each of the economists and they would graze as many sheep as would be supported by the pastures in the grazing fields. The issue arises when each person allows their sheep’s to graze as much as possible until the pastures became overgrazed due to high number of sheep in the grazing filed. The result is less food for the sheep, and eventually both grazers will have fewer, starving number of sheep. In this case, within a system of shared resource, individual users act independent in accordance to personal self-interests and behave in a contrary manner to the common good of the whole population of the users. The resource is depleted through a collective action (Mosman, 2009).
Everyone wants the maximum good for themselves and given that what is good is relative, a common solution should be found that would ensure that the good for the whole society is placed ahead of personal interest. To solve the problem, a judgment criterion involving a system of weighting is required. Like in the case of the sheep grazing, it would be more important for every person to have a small herd but which will have enough resources than having a large herd of sheep competing for so little resources that both end up losing. Finding a common ground where all the members in the society will benefit, but not at the expense of the other members is the way to go (Mosman, 2009). The rational solution is to exploit the resources in such a manner that the personal interests do not undermine the interest of fellow humans.
Common pool resources refers to the human made or natural resources which benefit a person but at the same time lessen the benefits to all persons if each one of them pursues their own self-interests. In this case an individual’s use of the resource involves subtracting from the use of another person and where it is necessary most of the times, but at the same time difficult and costly if other users are secluded from using the resource (Ostrom, 2008). The video mentions three such resources which include the pasture (forage), fisheries, and atmosphere which faces problems of overuse or congestion since they all can be subtracted. This means every person use of these resources involve the subtraction of services that may be used or rather enjoyed by other users.
As for the fisheries, the problem arises from the continuous overharvesting, and such overexploitation threatens the stock of many fisheries. As alluded to by the video, while there is increased harvesting of fish, the population of most of the harvested species has either disappeared or declined. A major problem which result to the massive overfishing relates to the fact that fishing areas are accessible to all and no one can lay claim to the property right for the many species in the open which are commercially viable. This means that everyone is exploiting as much as possible for economic self –interest with a disregard for the depletion that would affect the whole society. A solution involves putting limit on the extent of fishing through introducing quotas and fishing breaks to allow for restocking, and therefore the issue of overexploitation will have been dealt with(Ostrom, 2008). The issue of pastures addressed in the film relates to overgrazing for personal interest having not regard of the effects it would have if uncontrolled. A pasture will allow for a given amount of grazing occurring without harming the main resource. Excessive grazing makes the pasture prone to erosion and less benefit are yielded for the users in the long run. The use of limits on the grazing has been recognized as a possible solution. The case of environment relates to impact of the practices afore mentioned in the video plus the overharvesting of forest resources. A major problem is the congestion and the over exploitation of the resources in the environment with a focus of gaining maximum personal benefits and disregarding the degradation associated with it. The society has taken steps to reduce practices such as deforestation and improved on forestation (Ostrom, 2008).
References
Mapelqvist, (2009).Tragedy of the commons. Retrieved from:
“The Blues I’m playing” written by Langston Hughes is an important story as it reveals an important message which touches the life of Africa-Americans artists in modern art. The short story mainly presents the relation between Oceola Jones (African American pianist) and Mrs. Dola Ellsworth (a white patron). There is a confrontation between the two women based on how they understanding the music. Mrs Dola understands that music is just an idea which comes out of everyday life and helps in earning a living while Oceola understands that music is a ‘pure art’ which comes from personal experiences and which serves various purposes in life. Up to that point, it is important to note that the story introduces race relation and white domination in modern art. Generally, the story explores the difference in pure and folk art, the African American culture and distinction between racist and social hierarchies.
There is a gap between Oceola and Mrs Ellsworth relationship in that Oceola mistrusts the white woman and keeps a distance to ensure that there is no bond which unites them (Tracy, 41). Mrs Ellsworth on the other hand reveals her negatives views on music and forces Oceola to leave the black community and culture as well. Oceola has firm principles based on the black community and racial. It is important to note that Mrs Ellsworth does not have the passion in training art and music but rather she is controlled by white domination (Tracy, 41). Though she improves Oceola skills and knowledge towards music and art, she interferes with her personal life and portrays negative attitude towards Oceola’s values. Up to this point, the author clearly presents an important message based on race and racism. Mrs. Ellsworth who represents the white culture introduces racism through placing Oceola in an inferior position (Tracy, 41). Mrs. Ellsworth presents an explicit classicist patronage by believing that black people are poor financially and that their social status requires refinement. The white women is interested in changing the Oceola’s life and this is against the Oceola’s will as she is interested in learning art and music. Mrs. Ellsworth is distasteful with black culture and believes that the American culture is superior (Tracy, 42). It is important to note that Oceola has the talent and values in musical traditions. On the other hand, Mrs Ellswotrth defines the American culture as universal. In literary analysis, it is clear that the author wrote the short story in 20th century and this period reflects the oppression of African-American(Tracy, 48). White and Black people could not interact due to race, gender and other cultural aspects. In this case, Mrs Ellsworth is unified with the white society and both women have negative views on meaning and role of art and music in life.
Other point in literary analysis which the author presents is art and beauty. First of all, it is important to note that in the music field, the author shows that artists struggle to understand the external world and the reality (Gale, 1). Oceola suffers with her personal identity and her life is filled with doubt and insecurity. Oceola believes that music from traditional aspect is a source of comfort and through music; she can find a better position in the world. This clearly shows that Music is part and parcel of education and apart from earning a living from it, music is objective in that it is expected to meet certain needs in the society and sometimes it can be used but on very rare chances to condemn evil in the society (Gale, 1). In Oceola’s life music acts as the ‘cable box’ where her music contains elements which are significant in bringing harmony and redemption to the condemned world (Gale, 3). Mrs. Ellsworth employs old school though and asserts that true art complies with traditional convections which portrays the artistic quality. However Oceola is not restricted by traditional convectional and presents her music and art with a purpose. Generally, the confrontation due to different views demonstrates the segregation in African Americans (Henson, 81). Remember that Oceola could not use the front door in a hotel the same way African American were segregated and discriminated by White people. They were denied the right to vote, to gain education and even they were being excluded in businesses. The appalling thing is that the racist practices were being introduced by the state government and other superior peoples (Henson, 83).
Conclusion
The short story reveals a powerful message which reflects the white dominion and the black American dignity and determination. The conflict arises as a result of diverse views on role of art where Mrs. Ellsworth defines art and music as a way of earning a living or in other words she has no passion in art but rather she values art for the sake. Oceola on the other hand concentrates on ‘pure art’ which conveys important message for family and community. Western culture is interested with classical music while African-American shows their interests in jazz and blues.The entire story makes it possible to introduce the literary analysis and argue that the author demonstrates the world of Black woman and how she suffers from racial stereotypes in trying to maintain her cultural norms.
Work cited
Gale, Cengage L. A Study Guide for Langston Hughes's ""blues I'm Playing"". Farmington Hills: Gale,
Cengage Learning, 2016. Internet resource.
Tracy, Steven C. A Historical Guide to Langston Hughes. Oxford [u.a.: Oxford University Press, 2004.
Print.
Henson K. Kristin. Beyond the Sound Barrier: The Jazz Controversy in Twentieth-Century American
Fiction. Literary Criticism and Cultural Theory. Routledge, 2013
In Richard III, the character King Richards is portrayed by the writer through his deformed figure. The character is portrayed in a stereotypical manner since the play attaches negativity to his body and clearly emphasizes it (Williams, 2009).
The ethical issue raised in this portrayal includes attaching the dignity and character of someone to his deformity rather than realizing the difference between the individual’s character and their deformed body.
The labeling in this novel is depicted where the writer relates the deformity of king Richards to his evil ways as if tending to blame the deformity to the character traits of this person.
The character is indicated as having tough relationships with both with his close people and the country. The portrayed attitude towards his deformity and moral depravity seems to have affected the way he relates with people. He manipulates other characters in the play and is portrayed as injuring others to his own advantage (Smith, 2012).
If the character were to read they way he is portrayed as his worst enemy, he would feel self-pity and burdensome to the society. This is upon his realization that he would have to be disposed of having no value or positive contribution to the community.
An average person’s reaction towards this portrayal would involve feeling sympathetic for the character due to his struggling with opposition and distrust from the people he is ruling. If only the individual would be healed of the deformity people would love and trust their king.
To change this portrayal would involve having the character cease from blaming his moral depravity on his deformity. The writer would have to portray the king as embracing the physical disability and overcoming the stereotypical perception people have about him.
The speech at Cambridge University raises interesting questions as Obama explores his family prejudice and racial tension that existed in America. It is a revelation of the race relation especially between the black American and the white American. The extent of the tension is shown in the manner in which the young Barak related with fellow white students some whom were his friend. In the high school parties he attended, there would only be about three to four black individuals out of around three hundred people in a room. In one occasion, he together with a friend invited white fiends to attend a black party but they sensed their discomfort immediately given that they would be in a minority situation. What they felt represented what Barak would have to endure every day, but they found out so objectionable that they couldn’t put up with it for only a day. In this piece, Obama represents himself as an easy going and liberal black American. The issue of race extends beyond the American society, as seen in the Obama’s Kenyan cousins refers to Michele Obama as the “Wazungu” meaning the white lady (Townesphd, 2015).
Being a black with independent presence, Shirley Chisholm used her slogan “Fighting Shirley Chisholm--Unbought and Unbossed”, to develop her political career that aimed at living up to her pledge. Being a member of a minority group, she championed the human rights for the disadvantaged groups such as women, minorities and the poor. Her political courage and candor made her a political icon (Blair, n.d).As in case of Obama, Shirley felt the weight of being undermined due to one’s skin color and background and they both decided to speak out. Given the manner she stood up to governments, she would advice Obama to prioritize alleviating the plight of the poor in the budget before other issues. However, she would appreciate the step taken in improving racial relations and equality in provision of healthcare and education.
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