BOOK TO BE READ AND PRESENTATIONS NEEDED FOR THE DISCUSSION
1.Woodbridge, John D., and Frank A. James III. Church History. Vol. 2, From Pre-Reformation to the Present Day. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2013. ISBN: 9780310257431. (READ CHAPTERS 7 - 9 )
Thread Prompt: The 500th Anniversary of the Reformation is approaching in 2017. As you look forward to this event,
1. Reflect back on the work and ministry of Martin Luther and his contemporaries. 2. Compare and contrast the theological positions of Martin Luther with those of Ulrich Zwingli. 3. What was the core or foundational theological position for each of these men that moved him to speak, act, write, and argue?
The Inception Of The New World Primary sources play a huge role in a person who is researching on a historical event since they relay first-hand information. The American Yawp conveys information about the inception of the United States of America and how it was formed into a web of violence and oppression of the people who were already living in the state. The Europeans saw the country as a vast space that was open for conquering. The perception led to the introduction of an era that connected over ten thousands years of separation and introduced centuries of war while releasing a biological weapon to ever been conceived in the human history[1].The conquest of the America was the beginning of one of the consistent progress of the people in the history. 3 The Native Americans were the first people to settle in America, and their beliefs were passed down through their stories that tried to find a logical explanation on how they came to be while exposing the values and the things that they believed in. Historians and archeologists, however, argue that the Native Indians also conquered the country and were not the original owners as well. The archeologists have used their artifacts and bones as well as their genetic makeup to trace the people of Native Americans as individuals who were highly mobile before settling in the country and making it their home[2]. The conquest by other migrants was however not an easy thing as the native Americans solidly defended themselves, despite their vulnerable defense systems due to high mortality that was as a result of diseases and constant attack by the Europeans. The diseases were a challenge for the native Americans since they had no established methods of managing the conditions. When the native Americans saw that there was minimal chance of them winning the constant attacks, they were prudent enough to adapt to the ways of the new colonialists. The Native Americans saw the need to accommodate the Spaniards who were one of the major forces that were interested in the New world as they aptly described it[3]. When the victory of the Spaniards was known, the Spaniards who yearned for wealth, land and the possibilities of even learning titles became apparent; they streamed in throngs to the America. The now superior Spain imposed the Native Americans to work on the estates, through a legal process known as Encomienda. Once Bartolome wrote an account of the injustices that the people faced, and it became public, the authorities ditched the laws of the Encomienda and replaced it with repartimiento that was though as softer than its predecessor. 4 From the stated events of the Spaniards under the rule, it is evident that the colonialism of America was a breeding ground for the horrors which was characterized by a trail of unwarranted deaths and pointless oppression that exposed aspects such as murder, glutton, and slavery. The diseases were, however, one of the deadliest things that happened to the American people with archeologists estimating it to be responsible for over 20 million deaths. An average of ninety-five percent of Native Americans died at what has been nicknamed as the Black deaths. The perishing of almost a tribe in entirety was attributed to the lack of exposure and defense since it was a relatively a new phenomena for them[4]. Historians such as Henry Dobyns assert the fact the disease was the sole influence that made the Europeans conquer the natives. Diseases such as smallpox, typhus, flu measles and mumps spread fast and killed the people in equal measure all over the continent while reeking havoc amongst members of the various communities and in others, wrecking them[5]. The diseases were so horrendous and when combined with a culture that was a synonym for violence was subject to wipe the whole population, and it was so astonishing to the archeologists that the people and the human species were not wiped in totality. The threat of the diseases remains to be one of the biggest challenges to the people who lived in that era since they did not have the luxury of managing a particular single disease but rather were unfortunate enough to handle a variety of potentially terminal disease of that era. The black deaths also led to an overhaul of diets worldwide. Americans now held an affinity for the foods that were rich in calories and made an overhaul of the agriculture system. The changes in the diets also led to a population boom that was necessary given
the decline because of the black deaths. The colonialism of the Native Indians was, therefore, the start of connection to different worlds and the centuries of history that were apart due to the closing of the Bering while changing the world forever[6]. Bibliography Chapters, All. "1. The New World | The American Yawp". Americanyawp.Com. Last modified 2017. Accessed March 26, 2017. http://www.americanyawp.com/text/01- the-new-world/. [1] All Chapters, "1. The New World | The American Yawp", Americanyawp.Com, last modified 2017, accessed March 26, 2017, http://www.americanyawp.com/text/01- the-new-world/. [2] All Chapters, "1. The New World | The American Yawp", Americanyawp.Com, last modified 2017, accessed March 26, 2017, http://www.americanyawp.com/text/01- the-new-world/. [3] All Chapters, "1. The New World | The American Yawp", Americanyawp.Com, last modified 2017, accessed March 26, 2017, http://www.americanyawp.com/text/01- the-new-world/. 6 [4] ibid [5] All Chapters, "1. The New World | The American Yawp", Americanyawp.Com, last modified 2017, accessed March 26, 2017, http://www.americanyawp.com/text/01- the-new-world/. [6] ibid
Professor comments:
The paper is good and you have the right idea but the paper still needs a lot of work. The paper should emphasize your primary sources beginning with the introduction. Write and organize an introduction that includes which primary sources you are going to use and why you are going to use them (why they are important which is related to why you have selected them). Focus much more on the importance of the documents and what they reveal about society back then and include the key ideas you will be discussing that deal with your analysis of the documents you have selected--do this in the introduction--a brief account of the key ideas that will be developed in the body of the paper. Organize the paper—the paper should have an introduction (see above), a body (that deals with and develops and analyzes the key documents and themes and ideas mentioned in the introduction), and a conclusion that summarizes your findings; emphasize the primary sources from those chapters of the reader (For the Record) or Yawp dealing with Native American-European interaction and keep your emphasis upon an analysis of the documents--especially those dealing with these early contacts. The emphasis should be on the primary documents with historical narrative (key events, ideas, etc) for context (use the textbook for this). Keep adding to this and explore the documents some more-- use the historical context some more and use the main textbook to help you form your own analysis--there are other secondary sources also that you can use (and cite them) to help you. What is similar and dissimilar about these documents, and what do they reveal about the times and places in which they were written? Again, focus on the primary sources and put the documents in context as you analyze them. Finally, be sure to proofread carefully--there many grammatical and other errors (spelling, capitalization, word usage, etc.). Good job and add much more in terms of context and analysis--analyze more of those documents that pertain to European accounts of their interactions with Native Americans over time and then edit and proofread--there are a number of grammatical errors in the draft--the draft is somewhat brief, just barely three pages, so add much more in terms of context and analysis--you have the right idea, just go into far greater depth and detail and really focus on an analysis of primary sources within their historical context.
Read the Science article entitled, “Humans have more primitive hands than chimpanzees” found here. Next provide a brief summary of the article and discuss whether or not you think humans have more primitive or advanced hands than chimpanzees. Justify your response.
Several poets that we read and discussed underwent a profound change in attitude toward the Great War from initial enthusiasm to disappointment and disillusionment having served on the Western Front. Using relevant examples discuss their reactions to trench warfare, loss of life and nationalism in specific poems.
Among the political developments in the aftermath of WWI, fascism and Nazism emerged and transformed traditional systems of governance. How did WWI affect the career and world view of Adolf Hitler and pave the way for the Nazism and twelve years of brutal death and destruction?
The First World War in the Middle East is an aspect of the conflict that is sometimes overlooked, but with lasting consequences to this very day. Discuss the importance of T.E. Lawrence (“Lawrence of Arabia”), the Sykes- Picot Agreement and the Armenian Genocide in that regard.
Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms is, perhaps, the best known American novel of WWI. How does Hemingway react to the war, how does he treat the theme of love in a time of war, the contrast between life affirming and death confirming imagery?
Two of the most significant literary works concerning WWI were Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front and Ernst Juenger’s Storm of Steel. Although both authors were German, their description of the war and their response to the war differed greatly. Compare and contrast these two works.
The cultural impact of World War One was profound and widespread. Many veterans of the war were artists whose experiences on the front influenced their artwork in the post war years. Using specific examples show how the First World War was portrayed in the works of the German artists we discussed. What techniques did they employ to capture the horrors of WWI and its aftermath?
Discussion Board Assignment #2 (Chapters 18 & 19). Within a 400-600 word original post, please present a thorough and clear discussion of the question assigned, keeping in mind that your original post will be the basis for responses from your classmates. Be sure to note that you must use APA/MLA format within your original post. You must use in text citations and provide a reference section. Keep in mind that it is important to continually use in text citations in order to adequately back up your points and properly credit your research materials. Please take note that you are not allowed to directly take passages from the textbook, websites or other students. This will result in a zero grade. It is not acceptable to take passages from research resources even if you have provided the proper in text citations. Remember, the point of the assignment is to hear from you!! Also, keep in mind that changing a word or two in a sentence is not proper paraphrasing!!
Discussion Board Assignment #2 (Chapters 18 & 19). Within a 400-600 word original post, please present a thorough and clear discussion of the question assigned, keeping in mind that your original post will be the basis for responses from your classmates. Be sure to note that you must use APA/MLA format within your original post. You must use in text citations and provide a reference section. Keep in mind that it is important to continually use in text citations in order to adequately back up your points and properly credit your research materials. Please take note that you are not allowed to directly take passages from the textbook, websites or other students. This will result in a zero grade. It is not acceptable to take passages from research resources even if you have provided the proper in text citations. Remember, the point of the assignment is to hear from you!! Also, keep in mind that changing a word or two in a sentence is not proper paraphrasing!!
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