This is the water        

            David Foster Wallace known as an American novelist, short stories and essays writer, as well as a professor of English and creative writing. In 2005, he presented his powerful speech

 “This Is Water” to the graduating class in Kenyon College that soon became inspirational to many young adults and graduates across the country. In unobtrusive manner the writer shares his opinion on real value of education, what’s more important the freedom it provides. David Foster Wallace’s commencement speech sends the message that a good educational background helps to make right decisions in life. To prove his point Wallace shares his “bag of stories” that helped him to realize that the real freedom is being knowledgeable. The writer successful communicates to his audience through the humorous and casual tones. In addition, vivid language of the speech keeps the audience involved and helps the audience emotionally relate to the stories. Besides emotional appeal, Wallace also uses the logos and ethos appeals to ensure that his message charms the audience’s mind.

David Foster Wallace uses strong words “I am not the wise old fish,” that strengthen his credibility and appeal to ethos. The speaker points out that he doesn’t want to coach anyone. The author admits that he is not perfect but happened to realize some things. As the outcome, Wallace breaks the ice and builds trust with the audience (Wallace, 2009). In order to keep the speech more engaging he notes to the students “if you’re worried that I plan to present myself here as the wise…please don’t be.”

Wallace is not appealing or predominantly an articulate speaker for that matter. While delivering the speech he seems uncomfortable, unsure of himself, and perhaps even apprehensive but these challenges do not stop him from delivering his intended message to the young audience. Whatever he lacks in personality, literary delivery, he compensates it with captivating material. In fact, this speech did not intend to inspire nor degrade anyone (Michaelson, 2016). What Wallace proposes to the graduating class in this rousing and audacious commencement speech is nothing but the plain truth. Wallace utilizes his time on the podium not to commend or part the back of his listeners but dares his audience to climb new horizons. I personally, appreciate the direction Wallace took. Unlike other orators, he does not pamper his audience with sweet nothings or building castle in the air as is the norm with other public speakers.

 Wallace covers ordinary subject matters, applicable to an average person’s life. He contends that the minor decisions people make each day, build up character and ends up defining an individual’s destiny and finally shaping their future (McGurl, 2014). This may sound usual or secondary but Wallace gives it a new dimension and unique perspective.

 Enough of my perspective and let us look at some stylistic devices Wallace employs. The speaker makes use of Repetition and parallelism from the beginning to the end of his speech, “if you worship money and things… then you will never have enough… worship your body.. and you will always feel ugly… worship power, you will end up feeling weak and afraid… worship intellect. You will end up feeling stupid. “He goes on and on with the repetitions and repeats the word worship severally (Wallace, 2009). The parallelism of the sentences reflects real life issues in the community. Wallace advices his audience to pay keen attention to his words since they directly reflect his life and past situations hence the speech is not mere words but a experiences lived through his eyes. Wallace deepens the emotional bond formed between his audience by creating a substitute perspective when he narrows down on a woman holding the hand of her dying husband all night. In other words, Wallace utilizes repetition for emphasis and conveying his main message to the audience.

The commencement speech seems like a critical review of American traditions. Some aspects of the message come from a dark place and complicate simple issues. It is obvious that real world events are messier and complex than what the orator lets out. Therefore, the message falls flat on its face when it attempts bringing lasting solutions to the table. For example, inclusion of his suicide in the message deviates the aim of the message. In the end, it is up to the audience to come up with a solution in case he or she faces an intricate ordeal rather than end their own life; they have to generate sustainable solutions.

 In short, Time and again, David makes use of persuasive devices during the speech. He downgrades his power hence leveling the ground with his audience. He then proceeds with a fabricated sincerity and sustains a lasting and relevant connection. In addition, he makes good use of parallelism and repetition. While integrating figurative language in the speech, he gains the ability to theoretically elaborate everyday situations that are familiar with audience and keep the attention of everyone at its peak.

Reference

McGurl, M. (2014). The Institution of Nothing: David Foster Wallace in the Program. boundary 2, 41(3), 27-54.

Michaelson, C. (2016). Business in the work and world of David Foster Wallace. Journal of Management Inquiry, 25(2), 214-222.

Wallace, D. F. (2009). This is water: Some thoughts, delivered on a significant occasion, about living a compassionate life. Hachette UK.

Comparative Analogy between Silvina Ocampo and Emilia Pardo Bazan

Literary Lives of Silvina Ocampo and Emilia Pardo Bazan

Emilia Pardo and Silvina Ocampo are two female writers from different backgrounds and with similar life experiences, whose work is still being celebrated years after their passing. Emilia Pardo is defined as the most remarkable Spanish intellect of the 19^th century; she was born in the year 1851 in La Coruna as an only child to her wealthy aristocratic parents (Partzsch, 2011). Emilia was a voracious reader right from the time she was young and this was encouraged by her parents that ensured that she got a good education and who instilled great ambitions that were not common for most young girls during that era. With her ambition, Emily had her first short story published just when she was fifteen years old which was the beginning of her writing career (Partzsch, 2011). Silvina Ocampo just like Emily was born into an aristocratic family as the youngest of the six sisters in Argentina the year 1903 (Klingenberg, 2003). She also received a good education where she had private tutors at home who taught her French and English and she later on travelled to Paris to study drawing.

The two women went through marriage in different ways whereby Emily found herself in an arranged marriage at the age of seventeen which was very difficult for her and she later separated from the husband at the age of thirty with three children. Silvina on the other hand choose a lover and husband for herself and she received a lot of criticism given that her husband was nine years younger than her, she did not get any children of her own (Klingenberg, 2003). Both these female writers were strong and did not allow the society to define them. Emily was particularly open to new ideas and cultures, which saw her travel extensively through Europe all through her life. Travelling helped in fuelling her interests in modern languages and the literary currents in Germany, France and England (Partzsch, 2011).

 Back in Spain, Emily’s interests in philosophy was evident with her involvement in pedagogical reform movements. She was also a committed catholic and through her essay series ‘The Burning Question’ 1882-83, she openly defended aspects of naturalism (Partzsch, 2011). In her short stories and novels, Emily experimented with different narrative strategies and approached to literature. Emily can basically be defined to have been a prolific journalist, a foreign correspondent and an adventurous publisher who was the first woman to receive a chair at a Spanish University in the year 1916.

            Silvina’s career began in the year 1937 when she published her first book ‘Viaje Olvidado’ and just like with Emily the recognition was eleven years later when her next volume of autobiographies was published in the year 1948 (Klingenberg, 2003). Silvina was able to publish three volumes of award winning poetry in the intervening years and today she is mostly remembered for numerous children stories. Silvina preferred a private life and this made her refuse to participate in any public aspects of a writer’s career.  Silvina received several literary awards in her literary career one of them being the National Prize for Poetry in the year 1962 (Klingenberg, 2003). Her works have since been translated into French, German, English and Italian.

The two female writers lived a fulfilling literary career having achieved so much at an era where women were still struggling to find a place in the male dominated society. Emily died in the year 1921 in Madrid at the age of 69 years, while Silvina died later on in the 1993 in her native Buenos Aires at the age of 90 years.

References

Klingenberg, P. N. (2003). A Life in Letters: Notes toward a Biography of Silvina Ocampo.

Hispanofila, (139), 111–132. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19443968&site=ehost-live

Partzsch, H. (2011). Emilia Pardo Bazan, Spanish author, 1851-1921. Retrieved 2019, from

            http://www.womenwriters.nl/index.php/Emilia_Pardo_Bazan

Introduction

            This essay will dwell on the power of desire and the mystery of other people’s thoughts. The short story brings out desire and the ability to interpret the mind of other people and come up with a conclusive statement.

The Influence of Desire

At the beginning of the book, three young women walk into an A and P grocery shop in swimming suits, in a remote English town. Sammy, a young man, working at the store pays attention to the girls keenly. He takes notes of their beautiful faces and shapely bodies. From the moment the two young ladies walk into the shop, they attract attention to them from the young man. This goes to show their power and influence. Their sexuality gives the women an upper advantage over the opposite sex. Even though, one of the women, Queenie, successfully remains calm and ignores all the eyes on them, scanning their actions, as long as they focused on their objectives al would be well (Updike 214). As long as the women ignore men’s advances, they remain in position of influence and authority that is, provoking desire but not indulging in it. Their plan goes on very well. Then men workers at “A and P” even the strict and focused Lengel, shows some level of sexual curiosity toward the women. Nevertheless, lengel, eventually challenges the teenage girl’s strategy and makes a move in order to weaken their power. He takes a bold step and criticizes them on the basis of the manner in which they dressed. Their outfits were not suitable for walking around the store. Queenie defends her friends and claims that all the girls are decent women. Furthermore, when the women arrive at the meat counter, they inquired on something and as they left, McMahon was looking after the women and stroking his mouth (Updike 213). The fact that the girls had too much power over the men to the extent they had no option but look after the girls proved their influence of their sexuality over the men workers at the store.

 Even though the writer claims that, the young women came at a time when business was low and so the workers’ attention shifted easily,(Updike 213), even if the store was abuzz with various activities, the men would notice the teenage women due to the mode of the dressing.

Mystery of Other Peoples’ Mind

 From the beginning to the end of the book, Sammy, the central character of the book displays competence in both spotting other people and collecting information from his spotting actions. However, when the girls walk into the store, he mesmerizes and loses the power to read and discern their thoughts and perceive their actions. In addition, when a client rebukes Sammy’s lack of attention, Sammy describes the lady as a witch from Salem and wonders the underlying reasons that could make the woman interfere with his life and mood. According to Sammy, the customers at the ‘A and P’ store are straightforward and simple to gain understanding into their lives. The same can be said about for Stokie and Lengel, who Sammy claims to know him in and out like the palm of his hand (Updike 215). When the young women enter into the store, Sammy loses his power of reading and interpreting minds. He cannot figure out the kind of life they live hence it is hard interpreting their thoughts. That is not to imply Sammy does not make an effort to try to figure out their thoughts behind their smiles. In fact, Sammy tries figuring out Queenie’s issues going behind the mind of Queenie. At some point Sammy believes he is successful in understanding what goes behind the curtain of the mind of the three women. Nevertheless, at end of the story, he proves otherwise, he quits his job, because the girls still puzzle his mind. He quits so that the girls may think he supports them. None of the girls turns their heads and watch him while quitting. They continue walking toward the exit point in a hurry. In fact, they do not take note of their unsung hero who seems to defend them against Lengel’s scathing attacks in indecent dressing.

 When Lengel walks into the store and catches the young women in swimming suits, he corrects them and insists that the store is not a beach (Updike 214). His remarks point to the lack of discernment of the mind, Even more interesting is that he breaks routine and takes his time to correction them. However, he seems attracted to their dressing code rather more than the rectification.

 In summary, the short narrative story ‘A and p’ by Updike revolves around Sammy and his shot his encounter with the women who made him quit his job. Three young women walk into the store and draw all the attention to them due to the swimming suits they put on. All the men workers are lost for words and stare shamelessly while the women ignore them and go about their business.

Works cited

John Updike. ‘A & P’

Plagiarism and copyright are intertwined but distinct

Introduction

            The relationship between plagiarism and copyright protection is one of the topics that have become so common. Both serve the same mission which is to prevent texts from unsanctioned use although their difference is very evident. Plagiarism is a form of academic dishonesty which involves the art of taking ones ideas and passing them of as yours. While copyright is law or a legal right .It gives the creator of the original work the authority to determine whether and under what circumstances and conditions this original work may be used by others. There are two forms of textual plagiarism, prototypiocal where intentions to deceive the readers are present and patchwriting where intentions to deceive the readers are absent. Just as plagiarism can take place copyright infringement can occur where a person uses a work that is protected by copyright laws without permission.   

            Plagiarism and Copyright laws have been broken at many times by academic writers who choose to reproduce and display protected work of other authors without their permission. Thus committing copyright infringement which is a crime .If two people create the same work independently of each other and without copying from each other then both can claim copyrights of their works even if they are identical, (Cornish, 2).This however is not the case in plagiarism the work written or published second would have been considered plagiarized. Copyright laws are intended to prevent the exploitation of copyright holders work from exploitation.

            Plagiarism is treated differently from other writing issues. Writing is a skill but writing from a certain source is an important sub skill for any academic writer .It is necessary to equip writers with the skill to avoid it. To determine if a piece of work contains textual plagiarism. These three things must be true .The new text must contain ideas or words contained in the original text but they have been expressed entirely in a new language .The new text must repeat words or ideas from the original text .The last criterion is if the text fails to attribute its relationship to the original text. Writers plagiarize for many reasons. Sometimes because they are dishonest and willing to break the rules which they are aware of, in order to gain unearned benefit, (Pecorari, Diane, 2, 5, 11).     

            Copying from any source qualifies as plagiarism if it is not cited referenced or paraphrased. Even if the work has existed for a very long time and no possible harm would come to the original work whether it is long out of print or its author is dead. Plagiarism is an offence harming many in the society including the plagiarist themselves, the public and the authors of the copied work. In the case of copyright infringement only the owner of the copyright is harmed and has permission to sue. Action is taken when the infringer has benefited .The law also allows recovery only when the value of the original book has reduced. A plagiarist by claiming authorship of other’s texts assaults the author’s interest in receiving credit while attribution is irrelevant to a claim of copyright. Attribution of authorship is the personal connection between an author and his work. Copyrights is in charge of protecting the connection between the owner and the property which is impersonal, (Buranen, Lise, and Alice roy, 11, 12). 

            Avoiding plagiarism and copyright infringement is important in academic writing. Since it protects the work of other authors and ensures writers do not take credit for texts or works that are not originally theirs. Ways of avoiding copyright infringement and plagiarism should be put into place and enforced to ensure exellent and honest results in academic writing

Work cited

Pecorari, Diane. Academic Writing and Plagiarism: A Linguistic Analysis. London: Continuum, 2010. Internet resource.  

Cornish, Interpreting the Law for Libraries, Archives and Information Services. , London 2015. Print.

Buranen, Lise, and Alice. Perspectives on Plagiarism and Intellectual Property in a Postmodern World. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999. Internet resource.

 The Inclusion of Great Expectations in the Canon of English Literature

The classic novel Great Expectations was written in 1861 by Charles Dickens. The author was born in Portsmouth, England in 1812. The novel was inspired by Dickens's childhood hardships, as he grew up in poverty. Great Expectations shows the life Pip, an orphan, whose views of life changes when he is attacked by an escaped convict while visiting his parent's graveyard at Kent. In his mission to advance his social status, Pip meets many different individuals who both support and hampers his struggle to self-improvement. As Pip upgrade socially, he realizes that his expectation his expectation of social status, and happiness widely differ from reality. Throughout his work, Dickens brings out the theme of materialism, family and wealth, love and affection, crime vs. punishment, and class struggle.  Unfortunately, Pip learns materialism in a difficult manner. Also, Dickens shows that education is the key to success in life. Dickens uses several literary devices in his novel adding to the reader's clear picture of the novel. Should Great expectations be included in the Canon of English Literature?

One of the main reasons why Great Expectations should be added to the canon of literature is because of its memorable character. It is hard to find to find an author who would create so many vivid characters, so live that we can depict them as existing and real beings, except Shakespeare. Dickens holds the knowledge of coming up with humanlike and believable book personalities, ranging from the major to minor characters. For instance, Mr. Pumblechook and Trabb's boy, the minor characters in the novel, have their own uniqueness. The memorable characters are Pip, Miss Havisham, Estella, Abel, and Magwitch among others. Mr. Jaggers is a great character whose role can be deeply felt. For instance, when Pip realizes that Magwitch has been his sponsor all along, he visits Mr. Jagger's office to verify the matter.

"Don't commit yourself," said Mr. Jaggers, "and don't commit anyone. You understand- anyone." (Dickens, 1998)

Another justifiable reason to consider Great Expectations is that it unveil essential facts about humanity and life ambitions. Every young person has a dream and fantasies about life. Most children are disillusioned about life and what the future holds. For instance, Pip has a lot of fantasies as a young boy, and he expects to fulfill all his desires when he grows up (Glavin, 2003). Pip's story shows his life full of disillusionment. Pip is disillusioned about love, money, gentility, and strives to be a gentleman. Pip had the courage to court Estella, a girl from a rich family, despite coming from a poor background. However, Pip's great expectations in life come crumbling down on him, and to his shock, life is not all he expected. That is, in chapter 39' the escaped convict reveals himself as Pip's benefactor.

Additionally, Great Expectation novel portrays the ancient British society. The interpretations of Great Expectations is a reflection of the Victorian British society in the 1860s. Many readers are attracted to Dickens' novel due to his criticism of evil in society. The occurrences that were experienced in the novel revealed the real thing that actually happens in real life. For example, child labor, debtors' prison, schools to religion among others. Also, the part where the author mentions about the graveyard of Pip's parents and siblings show that the British society in the 1860s was full of forced labor and an increased number of deaths (Colander & Guthrie, 1980). Also, through reading the novel, one can see the social and economic struggles faced by the people.  Pip believes that only money and education can make him a great person in the society. Therefore, Dickens's novel is important to students and teachers as it helps them to understand the history of the state, and know the changes that have occurred.

Also, Great Expectations remind learners of the importance of family love. A family is an important aspect of a person's life. People should not be so obsessed with world luxuries to a point of neglecting their people. Pip was so obsessed with material things and his love for Estella, that he forgot and refused being associated with Joe, a man who stood by him during his struggles. According to Wheeler (2014), he focuses so much on gentility to impress Estella, but despite Pip's efforts, Estella still rejects him. As a result, Pip becomes lonely and guilt, that he dreads the days Joe would come visiting. Through his disillusioned lifestyle, Pip learns that respect cannot be bought with money. Therefore, it is clear that, in life, people need family love, despite having enough money and possessions. Also, through the novel, learners learn that it is important to remember the people who helped you when you were down and assist hem where you can.

Furthermore, Great Expectations uses effective pattern and styles of communication. The novel has a lot of conversations between characters, the dialogue is not as typical as in most Victorian novels (Colander & Guthrie, 1980). There is little communication in many novels, and the main characters' attempts to converse fails.

In addition, Great Expectations teaches important of integrity and reputation to learners and teachers. Dickens portrays pride as both a positive and negative aspect. Different characters in the novel have various types of pride. Some types of pride are intrinsically motivated, while others are based on peoples' opinions. Characters who have pride based on people's opinion are worried about reputation, and not integrity (Clamon, 2012). Or instance, Mrs. Joe, Estella, and Pumblechook pride are based on what people think about them. This kind of characters always compare themselves to people around them, and degrade others in order to feel better about themselves, and boost their self-esteem. Negative pride always leads to peoples' downfall in all sectors of life, because they are not willing to agree with other peoples' opinions. Therefore learners should focus on having positive pride, and building their level of integrity.

Another important factor of Great Expectations to learners is the novel's hard vocabulary. Some scholars may argue that hard content materials only make work hard for learners, but that is not usually the case. Some learners perceive Dickens's as hard because of the complexity and length of the used sentences. The novel was written using the ancient vocabulary, which is hard for the current generation to understand, due to various changes that have occurred to language (Glavin, 2003). Such learners can hardly learn to read hard books, if learning institutions stop teaching them. As a result, mankind thinking capacity will remain stagnant, and the concept of critical and creative thinking becomes an issue to some people. Therefore, hard vocabulary should not only be in literature, but also in other subjects to challenge learners to think harder and improve their academic performances. 

Finally, some learners can relate to the bildungsroman novel. Great Expectations is a bildungsroman novel where the protagonist is introduced as young children and they grow older throughout the novel. Many learners read Dickens' novel at a young age, and some can predict their development through Pip's life (Dickens, 1998). Also, young learners are able to choose how they want to live, as they learn from Pip's mistakes in life. Young people knowingly or unknowingly emulate Pip through coping the positive deeds and avoiding the negative actions. Also, Pip's life's expectations teach young kids that it is essential to find a place where they belong, and make peace with themselves, and learn how to face challenges encountered in life. Finally, learners realize that it is possible to fulfill your dreams no matter where you come from, as long as you have the passion.

Conclusion

Great Expectations is novel that is extremely advantageous to learners and the novel should be included in the Canon of English literature. The book helps learners to acquire more knowledge and broaden their intellectual capacity. Also, Dickens' work teaches people the importance of integrity and family love in leading a peaceful and successful life. Although critics have been made regarding the novel, schools can benefit from the book if they change their perspectives about the book and the author. Therefore, it is important for the government to consider to add the novel Great Expectation to the Canon of literature, because it has lessons to emulate, and the past history of England.

References

Clamon, J. (2012). Great Expectations (MAXNotes Literature Guides). Newburyport: Research

            & Education Association.

Colander, D. C., & Guthrie, R. S. (1980). Great expectations: what the Dickens do “rational

Dickens, Charles (1998). Great Expectations. St. Paul: EMC Paradigm Publishing.

            expectations” mean? Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 3(2), 219-234.

Glavin, J. (Ed.). (2003). Dickens on Screen. Cambridge University Press.

Wheeler, M. (2014). English fiction of the Victorian period. Routledge.

Introduction

‘The Blind Side’ is an intriguing movie based on the amazing factual story of Baltimore Ravens’ Michael Oher. Michael spent most his childhood in Housing projects with his mom in Memphis. Michael’s life story commences with him being destitute and coming from a dysfunctional family. His mother is a drug addict, his father is irresponsible, and Michael rarely sees him. Due to his troubled background, family services take charge of the situation at a young age. Unfortunately, he moved from one foster home to another and as a teenager, he find himself abandoned by individuals that lived with him. As fate would have it, a coach is looking for a player and coincidentally, Michael seems to fit all characteristics the coach is searching for. Michael joins a private Christian institute. Tuohy kids attend the same school. In person, Michael is a soft individual. More so, the movie portrays him as person with an innocent character because he interacts and plays with nursery school kids who usually ignore his advances or reject him completely. S.J Tuohy, the youngest sibling among the Tuohy, befriends Michael and create a solid connection to each other. This essay simply looks at the character of Leigh Anne Tuohy in relation to the () personality theory and her impact on Michael’s life.

Character Evaluation Leigh Anne Tuohy

Leigh Anne Tuohy spouse to Sean Tuohy, a dedicated Christian and the main individual who assists Michael Oher attain a successful football career. It is Anne Tuohy who briefly after Michael joins Briarcrest, takes notes of his lack of basic needs such as food, Clothes, and a place to call home (The Blind Side ,2009). She takes the initiative, buys food, clothes, and invites him to her home. In various scenes of the movie, Anne suggests that something deep down in her heart compels her to lend a helping hand to Michael even though she cannot put a finger to the actual underlying reasons that makes her assist Michael. Anne and Michael grow fond of each other: she understands his quite, calm nature more than other people in his life do. Later in the movie, Anne plays a fundamental role in convincing his coaches to permit him participate more in the games and motivated Michael to be more social, active and simply love his new found life.

Anne is a ‘voice of reason’ throughout the movie as Michael progresses from high school to university. While coaches try their best in molding him into good football player and strategize on how he can upgrade his skills, Leigh does her best to see to it that Michael is contented and safe in his new environment and life (The Blind Side ,2009). The director of the movie does not expose the underlying reasons that inspire Anne’s generosity toward Michael Oher but makes every viewer acknowledge her extraordinary kindness who deliberately moves out of her way to help the needy.

 It is vital to note that Anne Tuohy is a well-to-do lady with a philanthropic heart. Her confidence pushes her to pursue her dreams, in whatever manner she deems fit. More so, she does not mind the opinion of other people and she is the epitome of motherhood (The Blind Side, 2009). Therefore, when she noticed Michael needs help and he had no one else, she single handedly took him in without a second thought.

            Through the movie’s main character, the storyline challenges the watcher to reconsider about the chances handed out to disadvantaged kids fashioned around discrimination. Leigh is a person the society can look up to and emulate her positive characteristics. She puts to the side any differences existing between her and Michael and provides Michael all the care he needs to reach for success through a schooling and football (The Blind Side, 2009). In addition, she upgrades Michael’s life, which in turn challenges others to be and do better. Simply put, she exhibited respect, persistence, and impartiality while handling Michael. The ability of taking in a complete stranger and giving them love and affection rarely occurs in the present world.

The selfless act helping a person from a different economic disparity proved the kindness of Anne who did not care about racial norms. The movie brings out the priceless act of empathy through Anne and replicates the fundamental element of the American dream: everyone can succeed if they put enough effort to their dreams (The Blind Side, 2009). In addition, Anne carries the movie’s main message of anti racism. Michael gets into an altercation after one of his neighboring friends abused Leigh Anne. When Leigh heard about it, she searched for Michael, who ran away after the fight transpired. Her pursuit was unsuccessful but the two reunited when Michael reached out to Leigh in a phone call. In the phone conversation, the two arranged a meeting and Anne swore she would give her full support to Michael no matter the direction he takes. This shows that Anne fully trusted Michael and was ready to give him space. Furthermore, when he settled for Mississippi University, Anne and her family respected her decision.

Personality Theory Related To Anne

The trait theory perspective is the most common personality concepts within psychology. According to trait personality theory, personality comprises of various wide-ranging qualities. A Single trait is considerably steady attribute that dictates how one will behave. Therefore, multiple traits form a personality of an individual consequently leading to solid routines and patterns. For instance, Anne is kind, generous, sincere, open-minded and fair (Landis, Hill, & Harvey, 2014). All these traits form one personality. Any of the major traits observed describe her personality and none is dominant over another. Hence, more than one character can describe her actions and categorize her as person.

The character change that Michael undergoes reflects the personality of Anne. The input of Anne in the life of Michael transforms him for the better (Landis, Hill, & Harvey, 2014). The young man changes from being a lonely sad man to a jovial man with a rejuvenated spirit. From being homeless with a hopeless future into the loving hands of a mother who took him in and gave him a home, showered him with kindness and family was something extraordinary and great from Anne and a numerous characters describe her actions and sum up her personality. Simply put, Michael turns from rags to riches when he met his ‘guardian angel’ in the face Anne.

Leigh Anne Tuohy was simply a phenomenon woman who not only gave her time and effort to seeing to it that Michael got all he needed but she ensured he became part of her own family. The wife and mother of two is tough headed was tough but inside her lay a heart of gold. During first scenes of the movie, Anne advices Michael on the changes he needs to adopt in his life, as he becomes a member of Tuohy family (Landis, Hill, & Harvey, 2014). She is ready to make him feel at home at all costs. Gradually he fits into the family setting and accepts their norms and way of life without a sense of judgement or cloud of guilt. Hence, her motherly love was a gift that kept giving as she nurtured Michael into a respectable man even though her children were younger and pursued different paths. In short, her loving nature captivates the view and motivates them to watch more keenly.

 In summary, two themes drive the plot of the movie, love, and family bonding. ‘The Blind Side’ shows that race or stereotypes should not hinder a person from reaching out and helping another. The only thing Anne and Michael share between them is love and a bond formed due to friendship. Ann noticed Michael was a needy student and immediately provided for his needs without hesitation hence exposing viewers to her genuine heart. While applying the concepts of personality theory, Anne is a woman with various personalities that dictate her behavior. When ordinary people come across abnormal situations, they finding a legal way of sorting or handling the issue is hard but not for Anne. She single handedly takes Michael in and understands his personality and past experiences. She uses her knowledge to teach and mold his behavior into a young, confident focused man with a bright future. The power of her influence materializes through Michael’s transformation and successful football career. In short, she gives Michael valuables lessons her children do not have yet.

Reference

The Blind Side (2009) retrieved from: https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6cjdoc

Landis, E. A., Hill, D., & Harvey, M. R. (2014). A synthesis of leadership theories and styles. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 15(2), 97.

‘A tale of Two Cities’, written by Troy Wiggins highlights Cross Concourse Building. The writer commences the book with the narrative of his grandmother who people called granny. The Writer goes ahead to give details the adversities his grandparent faced in her entire life. She fell in love and married an abusive husband who neglected and shamed her every day. In addition, she suffered at the hands of violent men and worked for hours for poor pay. More so, the author’s grandmother was a target for white supremacists. The author reminisces a bus ride with his grandmother during the 1990s and tries relating the story with his encounters in life. The author portrays his grandmother as a survivor and a caring woman even though she lived an awful life. This story is straightforward, interesting, and simple and flows from page to page. The story revolves around the life of the author’s grandmother and the society in general as she tries to maneuver. The author of the story utilizes imagery and symbolism to drive his point home and bring to attention real life issues that can affect anyone.

 Reasons of writing the article

From a personal perspective, Troy Wiggin’s article is still applicable in today’s society. In his article, the author indirectly that his grandmother’s life is an image of the entire society Americans because of the inequality they come across in their daily lives. Even though the article contained facts to support his perspectives. The segregation and continual discrimination of black provoked the author to write the article.

Themes of the article

Domestic abuse of the author’s grandmother is socially constructed, has developed over the years and usually reflect prevailing insights, interest and authority distribution. Feminists' understanding influenced  by the author’ personal experiences or witnessing other abused women, have supported evidence-based researchers which have assisted  in expanding concepts around domestic violence as  physically  damaging  through  highlighting  the interrelating ranges of domestic violence, coercion, controlling traits causing psychological, sexual and physical harm to the victims.However, the author tries to show all sides of his grandmother and not just the bad. Some issues about terminologies remain hotly contested, such as whether domestic abuse is a gender-specific or neutral reference or includes all other forms and instances of violence in each and every category of intimate relationships.

 Analysis of the article

Unlike other articles that seek to widen the gap between the white and white races, this article takes into consideration the  actual thoughts of actual black Americans as a result bring out the voice of a voiceless black women in the society world. In the end, the book is not a compilation of expert opinion nor theoretical concepts discussed in classrooms but shows a true picture of past societies through the eyes of the author. Thus, the book relies on first hand sources of information rather than hang on old irrelevant rhetoric meant to stimulate debate without tackling real issues  experienced  in the minority communities. Furthermore, writer highlights the atrocities committed to her grandmother as to raise awareness to the rest of the public.

The book identifies with the day-to-day struggles of  average people and identifies ways of bridging the gap between minority races and other people. While much inputs needs to go into the relationship between issues surrounding race and equality, airing the perspectives of people will assist leaders of tomorrow come up with strategies and effective means of implementing strong  interracial relations through diplomatic institutions that would turn stimulate change even if weak or strong.

 The book is a masterpiece with the ability to sell the values and concerns of people to the world in an appealing way. The sheer will to integrate, cooperate and impact two different societies without knowing the outcomes is a personification of courage and integrity that this book brings to the table of its readers without distorting any side’s beliefs or moral values. It automatically puts an end to the narrative that it is we against them or good verse evil. Consequently putting humanity at the center of the article takes a stand on evil and puts an end to false narratives perpetrated by politics and even the media. Therefore, the article gives the reader an option to listen to the writer’s life journey and the atrocities his grandmother passed through.

In the midst of the rising hostility, the article sheds light on gradually growing animosity by airing the voice of average black American who pieces together the puzzle to make peace. The views democratize the debate by balancing standpoints of Europeans with the black world, the authors seek to find solutions, and answers to hatred toward women and gender based violence.

The main thing that the author world dislikes about his grandmother’s world is the immorality and pervasiveness in the moral values. On the other side, the author demonstrates hate the moral decay in the American communities. Hence, he takes a standpoint against the vices by speaking it out. Then, one race should not fight amongst themselves because they share the same enemies and concerns, which are harsh lifestyles. Therefore, they should make an effort and work toward fighting off male chivalry and extremists living within their own communities. The bottom-line point is that what affect communities are the same vices and racism should be outdated.

The common elements shared prove that there is no black against white or western verses Muslim societies. The book unveils unique findings that lay bare unique truths and puts/ the fallacies and stereotypes about races to shame. In pursuit of creating critical thinking, the article challenges readers to assess the truth of the information rather than readily agree with the evidence and suggestions arising from the book with no analysis or an afterthought. Thus, the book does not contain elements of bias nor does it force the finding of the research down the throat of readers, as per my observations, it is open to criticism and spearheads the truth only.

The start of the article introduces her grandmother and puts her in a proper context. The article then proceeds with a cautionary tone on he struggles and how she worked for the white people while being paid peanuts. After confirming that only a minor number support terrorism, it lays ground for proper interpretation of the Muslims’ opinions. In fact, the book explains that various nationalities in

 All in all, the objective of the article was demystifying the myths surrounding black communities. The interesting aspect of the article was the hostile experiences the author’s grandmother passed through. More so, the author explains her grandmother’s hardworking nature and her ability to persevere through thick and thin.

Reference

Wiggins Troy, L. Memphis: A tale of two cities 2019

Philosophy

Part 1

Case Study: A Good Team Player

According to the case study context, the moral thing that Steve should do is to give Kristin (manager of accounts payable) the names of the individuals who do not value teamwork or rather the workers who are hurting the company. This is the moral thing because Kristin does not only focus on efficiency and higher profits but she is also concerned with ethics culture which is team-spirit (Dyer, Dyer & William). On the other hand, Steven does not value ethics culture but he only concentrates on promoting individuals who are passionate even if they do produce quality work. However, it is unethical to promote and reward underachievers and neglect the workers who are vigor and determined. Thus, Kristine is doing the right thing by asking the names of irresponsible workers. Note that her intention is toward promoting cooperation and efficiency through strengthening teamwork. By having all the organization's information, Kristin will be able to establish a culture that promotes team performance. Rather than promoting irresponsible workers, Steven should cooperate with Kristin in identifying the irresponsible workers and creating a collaborative culture where all workers should value teamwork (Dyer, Dyer & William). Note that teamwork will create a positive change to the irresponsible workers since they will be involved in a cool working environment where they will feel motivated. As a result, irresponsible workers will change their behaviors and increase performance, and the organization will increase productivity and efficiency. Thus, the morally right thing to do is to report the unreliable workers and through teamwork with other capable workers, they will foster creativity, generate team knowledge, share workload, learn new things and new perceives, build relationships and develop a positive attitude (Dyer, Dyer & William).

 I once encountered a similar situation in a certain small enterprise. Before joining college, I worked in a certain small organization and there was a co-worker who had formed a habit of stealing the company's tools and stationery. I observed him several times pocketing things like staplers, calculators and hole punches. The manager kept on complaining about the theft but it was hard to detect who takes the items since the cameras could not detect. At this point, I was in an ethical dilemma since I had two opinions; to either report the co-worker who takes the items and end the relationship with him or conceal the act and allow the company to continue incurring extra costs.  However, I followed my personal ethics and moral values and reported the matter to the manager. My decision was influenced by the moral principle which is based on doing good. My personal ethics helped achieve the best result since I eliminated the guiltiness and the manager was able to deal with the co-worker, not to punish him but to shape his behaviors. The manager was also forced to implement tighter security measures and strict rules to avoid further extra costs that the company was incurring and to ensure that employees are responsible and accountable for their actions. 

 Ayer's "emotivism" help in assessing Steven's situation in that the theory states that in trying to convince someone that the act is wrong, one should not only describe the wrong action but should also express emotion and show a range of attitudes for the purpose of clarifying the nature of the problem (Pojman, Louis & James, 193).   In the case study, Kristin employs the Ayer's emotivism by expressing her emotion to clarify that the act of promoting irresponsible individuals is morally wrong and she goes on to say that she cannot tolerate such individuals and that she needs the names so that she can deal with the workers.

Part two

Should assisted suicides be allowed for terminally ill patients suffering considerable pain?

Assisted suicide or aid in dying is a topic of discussion since many people think that it is illegal, immoral and inherently wrong while others support the policy arguing that doctors should end the life of terminally ill patients.  In this paper, I support that patients should have the right to control the end-of-life especially when the patient cannot bear the pain.  In general, physicians should assist the terminal ill patients in ending their life in order to eliminate the suffering and emotional pain.

 According to Shibata (155),   the ethical principle of autonomy states that individuals should have the right to self- determination or in other words right to make decisions.  In the case of assisted suicide, patients' right to autonomy is not only based on refusing treatment but patients can also request for assisted suicide. Patients who are terminally ill should have a liberty interest to choose death with dignity not only to eliminate the unnecessary suffering but also to end the sorrow and grief that their loved ones undergo.  Rather than providing the patients with life-sustaining treatment which may prolong suffering and increase financial burden, it is important to adhere to the principle of beneficence which is based on promoting good and avoiding harm (Shibata, 157). In this case, it is beneficial to assist a patient who is experiencing miserable suffering.  Another ethical principle that justifies the assisted suicide is the principle of justice which is based on the idea that physicians have the responsibility to reduce suffering not only by allowing the right to autonomy but also providing euthanasia to reduce suffering. Shibata (166) adds that the patients' right to refuse treatment is constitutional and physicians are not accountable for patients' death as a result of refusing treatment.

 Medical technology has given rise to life-saving interventions that prolong the dying process. However, there is an argument for the end of life care since medical technology allows terminally ill patients to suffer from intolerable pain. Thus, physician-assisted suicide is integrated into the health care system in some States where physicians  is legally entitled to  intentionally assist the patient in ending their life by administering lethal doses. Though the topic is controversial, proponents apply both legal and ethical principles to argue that physicians should fulfill the patients' interest, promote justice, fairness and avoid harm (Grosswald, 177). Terminally ill patients cannot engage in constructive activities and assisting them in dying is the best choice that maximizes happiness.

 Some States in the U.S such as Montana, Colorado, and Washington permit the physician to assist terminally ill patients to end their life. These States use the ethical and legal perceives and belief that patients gain psychology benefits by allowing them to practice autonomy.  However, even though patients have the right to Aid-in-dying, they face barriers because physicians' willingness to assist in dying is limited.  However, the principle of justice support  that aid-in dying is legal and physicians should participate in the process and as a result, the patient and the family will benefit by eliminating the terrible pain (Grosswald, 178).

 In conclusion, the research has confirmed that assisted suicide should be allowed to eliminate patients' pain and suffering. Arguments for assisted suicide are strengthened by legal and ethical frameworks which state that Patients have the right to autonomy, right to self-determination, and right to die with dignity. Physicians should promote happiness and justice and the participation of ending the life of terminally patient will not only benefit the patients but the family will also benefit from physical and mental health.

Work cited

Dyer, W G, Jeffrey H. Dyer, and William G. Dyer. Team Building: Proven Strategies for Improving Team

Performance. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2013. Internet resource.

Pojman, Louis P, and James Fieser. Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong. Belmont, Calif:

Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2008. Print.

Grosswald, Blanche. “The Right to Physician-Assisted Suicide On Demandpass:[*].” Law &

Policy, vol. 24, no. 2, Apr. 2002, p. 175. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=8809265&site=ehost

-live.

Shibata, Benjamin. “An Ethical Analysis of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide: Rejecting

Euthanasia and Accepting Physician Assisted Suicide with Palliative Care.” Journal of Legal

Medicine, vol. 37, no. 1/2, Jan. 2017, pp. 155–166. EBSCOhost,

doi:10.1080/01947648.2017.1303354.

 “A Good Man is Hard to Find” by Flannery O’Connor focuses on the concept of pride and how one’s ego can create problems even where there are none. The concept is developed through the grandmother who considers herself a good judge of human nature. The grandmother always thinks she knows what is best for others and tends to point our good men from the bad ones. However, as the story develops, the reader is able to see that the grandmother is delusional and her concept of right and wrong, especially when describing what traits a good man should possess, is flawed. While the grandmother wrongfully refers to different characters as being good, the title of the story is brought to life when one character, the Misfit, ends up killing the grandmother despite her belief that he is a good man. In the end, the author is able to reveal not just the flawed nature of the grandmother’s morals but also her struggle in trying to build some sense of personal identity.

            The story starts off with a planned family vacation where Bailey is planning to take the family to Florida for vacation. However, the grandmother is reluctant after learning that a killer (the Misfit) has escaped and is suspected to be headed to Florida (O’Connor 68). When she learns of the Misfit’s escape, she starts comparing herself to the criminal and believes she understands all that it takes to make someone engage in criminal activities, even those as heinous as killing people. She also believes that she is better than him because, unlike the misfit, she can control herself well enough to resist the urge to engage in vulgar acts and criminal behavior. Although the grandmother is not a criminal, the author successfully exposes her delusional nature to expose the irony in her words and actions.

            A good example of this is when the grandmother considers herself a lady because of the extravagant clothes she wears. She is of the opinion that, in case the car they are travelling in got into an accident, people would be able to know she is a lady only based on what she is wearing (O’Connor 147). While it is important for the grandmother to be regarded as a lady, the author creates the opposite image by showing that the grandmother is only a lady in dressing and outside appearance. The nature of being a lady is further watered down because the only time people will know the grandmother is a lady is when she is dead and the only thing to go by is her dressing.

            In the end, the grandmother’s arrogance and misplaced sense of morals become the reason she winds up dead. After her cat jumps from the basket the grandmother was hiding it in, it causes Bailey to lose control when driving and crashes into a ditch. When the Misfit and his gang pass by, the grandmother mentions that she knows the Misfit and that he is a good man. However, the realization that the Misfit and his friends’ identities have been discovered forces them to take the family into the woods to kill them (O’Connor 51). The grandmother fails to consider the impact that her actions will have on the family is the Misfit learns that his identity has been revealed. She is so convinced that she knows how a good man should act and since she considers the Misfit a good man, she does not see any consequences arising from her actions. Her flawed belief and wrong judgment results in her losing her life and further proves that good men are indeed hard to find.

Work cited

O'Connor, Flannery, and Frederick Asals. A Good Man Is Hard to Find. New Brunswick:             Rutgers University Press, 1993. Print.

Summary of the Two Excerpts

‘Common Sense’ by Thomas Paine contends along the lines of American liberation. The author’s main argument commences with obvious hypothetical considerations on the government and religious sector then proceeds with a cautionary tone on the particulars the colonial regime created. Paine commences this excerpt with differentiating government and the community. According to the sentiments of the author, every beneficial or positive side of the society comes from a joint effort to achieve the impossible (Paine, 2004). On other hand, the government is an entity or a body charged with protecting the needs of the society members without bias. He goes further to ascertain the government’s duty is protection of the public from evil vices hence it is unavoidable and therefore infrastructure should be set in place to accommodate the government.

 On the other hand, ‘A view of the causes and consequences of the American Revolution’ by Boucher embodies the intrigues of how small beginnings can turn into huge things and topple even the most powerful of men. Boucher highlights his sermons in his essays. He himself was a colonial loyalist during the awakened and revolutionary period (Boucher, 2009). The sermons had thought-provoking sentiments and full of gratitude for the colonialists. Furthermore, he expresses his opinions about independence from the British and the how peace is better than war.

Similarities between the Two Articles

 Both works center on freedom as the main subject matter and the aspects that go into making liberation a reality in America. In ‘Common Sense’ Thomas Paine opens up his excerpt with a rant about making the right decision (Bailyn, 2017). American had a choice to stay under the colonial rule or fight and rebel for their freedom. Paine suggests that the rest of the world should support the American course toward freedom and self-governance hence setting a precedence for liberation all over the world and not just within the confines of American borders. Throughout his book, Paine makes it obvious to the reader that it was high time American gained its own independence from Great Britain. On the other, hand Boucher’s ‘A View of the Causes and Consequences of the American Revolution’ the author gravitates toward American freedom but from a multifaceted direction. Furthermore, Boucher thought that announcing war and forcefully trying to attain freedom from Britain powers was dangerous, and people needed take cautionary steps.

Paine and Bouche claim that government has all the resources needed to protect its citizens from harm, give them liberty, and protect their wealth and property. Hence, the two authors agree on the functions of the government as an established institution meant to protect citizens from any harm.

Therefore, by reading the two works, the reader gets the impression that the authors put out their perspectives on freedom from the colonial regime but from different points of view (Bailyn, 2017). In addition, the two writers were key personalities during the revolution because they wrote down their opinions and motivated many American with their sentiments on American freedom.

Contrasts

 In order to bring out the contrasts, one should note that Jonathan Boucher had a strong academic background and a preacher from Great Britain hence, he wrote ‘A View of the causes and consequences of the American Revolution’ in response to Paine’ article opposing his views and  perspectives on issues pertaining freedom from the colonialists. Paine fiercely endorsed and raised awareness on liberty and self-governance (Bailyn, 2017). More so, he was one of the few men who dedicated his life to liberating America from Great Britain rule and informing the colonists on the need to fight for independence. Simply put, the two authors differ on matters concerning freedom and the underlying mechanisms of receiving freedom.

 Intelligent and highly aware of the American situation, Boucher did not hide behind a veil but openly supported rule of the authority and expressed his tremendously conservative opinion on hierarchical leadership (Bailyn, 2017). In fact, he favored hierarchical rule over the people and the state thus discouraging the people from fighting for self-governance and democratic rights. Thus, through his articles, he advocated for passive behavior and the need to contend with the peace provided by Great Britain rather than disrupt normal routines set up by the present system.

Unlike Boucher with his firm unwavering support for Great Britain, as Paine’s article unfolds, he addresses the political framework set up by the British especially the aristocratic system centered on kings and queens who automatically rule over their people without any democratic consent (Bailyn, 2017). Thus, he was loud and clear on the need for a democratic government run by people elected by the American themselves for fair and share representation.

 In short, the two authors have differing comments liberty. Whereas Paine believes, that America should be free from oppressive colonial rule no matter the means. On the other hand, Boucher believes in the rule of law while allowing hierarchical rule. He was afraid the power community yields if they get a chance of selecting their own leaders. In the end, the two authors make their sentiments open and critical for the public.

Reference

Bailyn, B. (2017). The ideological origins of the American Revolution. Harvard University Press.

Boucher, Jonathan. (2009). A View of the Causes and Consequences of the American Revolution. Applewood Books.

Paine, T. (2004). Common sense. Broadview Press.

Salem Witch Trials

Introduction

            The Salem witch trials refer to events that took place in colonial Massachusetts where residents were accused of practicing witchcraft and some even executed as a result. The issue was made worse by the people’s belief that the devil could possess people and make them engage in acts of evil such as witchcraft. Anyone suspected to be practicing witchcraft was therefore believed to be influenced by the devil and was practicing the devil’s magic. Being devout Christians, the people were determined to get rid of the devils magic and as a result, anyone suspected or accused of practicing witchcraft was arrested, tried and some even killed if found guilty. Even though a court was used to determine whether the accused were guilty, the rulings were often biased as judgments were made with insufficient evidence and paranoia controlled the decisions made by the court. This was evident when the colony compensated the victims of the trials and admitted that a lot of mistakes had been made when determining whether the accused were witches or not. While the trials did create a lot of trouble for Massachusetts residents, the ongoing war and the people’s religious beliefs greatly contributed to the wrongful accusations and killings that occurred during the Salem witch trials.

            While various debates have been held on what really went on in Salem, the book; In the Devil’s Snare: The Salem Witchcraft Crisis of 1692 by Mary Beth Norton gives a convincing argument on what really took place in Salem. Norton (5) argues that the singular world view that the Puritans inherited from the first settlers in the region is what made Massachusetts more susceptible to the fear associated with witchcraft. According to the author, people from New England believed that they had been chosen by god to spread his word. Since Massachusetts was believed to have been inhabited by people controlled by the devil, they took it upon themselves to get rid of evils such as witches. The argument has relevance in that it traces the root of the problem as it shows why people not only feared witches but also why they were so determined to get rid of those suspected of practicing witchcraft. As Christians, the people’s foundation was one that taught them that they not only had power over evil, but also that it was their duty to cleanse the world of it. Such a belief meant that the residents of Massachusetts were less likely to object to the harsh treatment forced upon those suspected of practicing witchcraft and therefore explains why killing people without enough evidence was acceptable so long as they were considered to be witches.

            Other than the people’s religious background, the author further believed that the first and second Indian wars made it easier for those in charge to control Massachusetts residents. The author was of the opinion that the losses experienced by New England led them to believe that a supernatural power (God) favored the Indians more hence their continued success in the war (Norton 5). When young girls started having unexplained fits, the first girl questioned on the matter blamed an Indian for tormenting her. The people of New England had grown to fear and dislike the Indians and as a result, they readily believed that witches were living among them and that their continued losses at war were as a result of the devils work. Norton was not only able to show where the fear of witchcraft came from but also explains how people were easily misled into believing that anything that went wrong could be traced back to the witches. This combined with the flow of events in the arguments makes Norton’s interpretations of the Salem witch trials most compelling.

            Another argument can be made that those accusing the people of Massachusetts of witchcraft were only after their land. In The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England by Carol F. Karlsen, the author argues that those accused of witchcraft, especially women, were targeted due to the pieces of land they inherited, or would inherit from their families (Karlsen 3). Although the author does make a compelling case regarding how most of the people accused of being witches stood to inherit pieces of land, she fails to explain how there were others accused but did not stand to inherit any land. Victims like Eunice Cole and Martha Corey were accused despite it not being clear whether they would inherit land or not thus discrediting the author’s argument. The author also failed to show why residents in Massachusetts went along with trials if they did not believe in witchcraft and this had a negative impact on the credibility of her argument.

Conclusion

            From the two readings, Norton’s argument was most convincing in that it explained how the religious background and the wars made it easier for people to believe that witches existed. The people’s belief that they were chosen to spread the word of God made it easier to influence them to turn against anyone suspected of witchcraft. The author shows the correlation between events such as the twitches, their relation to the war and why the victims blamed the Indians, the opinion that the Indians won because God was punishing New England among other arguments created a clear explanation of what happened in Salem and this is what made the reading most compelling.

Work cited

Carol F. Karlsen, “The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England”     New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1987

Jess Blumberg, “A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials: One Town’s Strange Journey from    Paranoia to Pardon,” 2007

Mary B. Norton, “In the Devil’s Snare: The Salem Witchcraft Crisis of 1692” New York: Vintage             Books, 2002

Analysis of the main character in ‘The Cathedral’

            The Cathedral is a short story that tells more about a husband, wife and a blind man who happened to be their visitor. The visitor with the name Robert was a friend to the wife. She had worked for the blind in his home as his reader ten years ago as the narrator describes. The husband is not happy with the bind man who is to spend the night at their house. It is explained that the blind’s man wife had just died of cancer before the visit. The narrator continues explaining his experience with Robert the blind man at the living room.

            The story covers many other characters that play a great role. Let’s see more of the main character who happens to be the narrator “the husband”. From the beginning of this story, the narrator seems to have a negative attitude on the blind man. The narrator shows this attitude the time he sees the blind man enters the compound (Carver 79). According to his view he thought that the blind man would come wearing some glasses to cover his eyes. This attitude continues even more in the house as they eat he thinks inside him of how the blind man was eating. The same continues and brings another character of the husband being so jealous for as they talk nothing turned out to him as the conversation covers the life the blind had with wife without mentioning his name.

            From the beginning of the story the husband is seen carried away and being quite bland by the matter of love (Gale 45). As he tells of his wife’s first husband, it shows that he hinds something in him that shows that he even felt like their visitor would take away his wife too. This jealousy moves on even to the blind man that is shown Cleary after the dinner conversation that never turned on his favor since he wasn’t mentioned in the conversation as he desired. Even the at the incident when the husband sees the wife move a shrugged look on the blinds’ distinguished beard look, husband is still moved by the way blind calls the wife dear.

            The art of drawing the cathedral while watching the TV program brings a direct point that the husband who does not believe in many things also does not believe in himself. The drawing takes some time to complete and after the entire husband says it’s not quite good (Carver 102). The narrator does not agree with the fact that the wife had just welcomed a blind man in their house not only to eat the super and go home but also to sleep. In other ways the husband feels okay and says that it shall be good time for he shall speed a couple of time not only drinking alcohol but also charting with the blind man (Runyon 112). They pass a good time together before the wife sleeps over on couch besides them.

            The description of the husband on the blind man’s shows the sarcastic nature in the husband. A person at the age of forty becomes difficult to understand how they have never seen a blind man before. These points even ho the clothing description given as how the blind man wears (Gale 32). The description on the way the blind looked shows a humorous character on the husband. The description of the movement of the eye from one movement of one pupil while the other stagnates at the same point on top of a much white iris shows much humor. The blind does not smoke as they do not see the smoke they exhaled (Runyon 98). This is rytorically  stated for smokers does not do it for the pleasure of seeing the smoke they smoke but it’s a joke given out by the husband to signify that the blind was not supposed to smoke at all. The repetitive way of asking the blind many questions as if they were sited with a man who could see shows that the husband was fugitive. The narrow minded husband views and discriminating thoughts of one stereotype are altered by a single experience the blind man give to him at that moment of one night sleep over.

Conclusion

            The short story gives a good outline of the narrators view and encounter with the blind man-Robert. In the beginning it shows the negatives that comes over to the narrator concerning the encounter, how to handle the blind. On the other hand the wife tries for the best to make sure that Robert is comfortable. The fact that Robert had lost a wife, gives the narrator’s wife heart to take care of the blind. The wife acknowledges the fact that as much as the blind man lost the wife therefore there is a great need of comfort as the woman thinks of. The spirit comes over to the husband who now gains confident with the blinds stay. They dine together and gets over again to chart as they watch TV program that raises another topic of the night. The fact that the narrator is learning how to express himself when he can’t find words, it helps him express his feelings to the woman this brings happiness and healing at the end. 

Work cited

Carver, Raymond. Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?, 2016. Print.

 Gale, Cengage L. Study Guide for Raymond Carver's Cathedral. Detroit: Gale, Cengage Learning, n.d. Print.

Runyon, Randolph. Reading Raymond Carver. Syracuse, N.Y: Syracuse University Press, 1992. Print.