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Earthquakes disrupt sperm whales' ability to find foodReview the “Top 10 Greatest Scientists Who Changed the World” video, and the article “What Has Science Done for You Lately?” in this module’s resources. Consider what scientist and milestone scientific discovery helped pave the way for the natural-science topic you identified in your news story in Project 1. Provide a response to the following in your initial post:

Identify the major historical scientific discovery that is the foundation for the natural science news story you have examined throughout the course. You may find the background information for this in the course materials in previous modules. If you find that you need to conduct your own research, you can do so using the resources provided in Modules Four and Five.
Provide a brief (2- to 3-paragraph) summary of the scientist who made the historical scientific discovery you identified in the first question. Use examples from your news story to show how this historical scientific discovery impacts our world today.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZH3R0VPpayI

https://undsci.berkeley.edu/article/0_0_0/whathassciencedone_01

Earthquakes disrupt sperm whales' ability to find foodhttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/02/200220101121.htm

194 Words  1 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
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Select one of the following subjects: cosmology, astrophysics, global warming, 
quantum computing, nanotechnology, biophysics, fusion, or elementary particle 
physics. Research this topic finding no less than 3 articles as sources of information. 
Write a Scientific Research Essay answering the following questions in an essay 
(1500 words minimum).

· Summarize the articles and their findings.
· Compare and contrast the articles. Evaluate the author’s perspective and 
information. 
· What are the major achievements in this area in the last 50 years? 
· Focus on at least one major discovery and explain its importance. Evaluate 
how this discover has impacted society and the scientific community. 
· What is likely to be discovered in the next 50 years? 
· Who is doing the best, most innovative work in this area of physics?

140 Words  1 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
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There exists a short, but excellent, documentary about the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. It’s entitled “The Day the Mesozoic Died: The Asteroid That Killed the Dinosaurs.” You can find it on YouTube at the link below:



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRPu5u_Pizk&t=1155s



Your assignment is to list and describe 5 evidences for an asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous period and discuss how this event may have contributed to the mass extinction and the end of the Cretaceous. Also, keep notes as you watch the documentary because some of the material will be covered on the Final Exam.

108 Words  1 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
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Technology and cultural exchange or global food crisis or about global health including coronavirus

25 Words  1 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:
At the start of 2019, Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Senator Ed Markey introduced a resolution in the House of Representatives and Senate, respectively, known as the “Green New Deal”. The Green New Deal is a framework for addressing the challenge of global climate change, but it involves far more than simply cutting greenhouse gas emissions. 
The Green New Deal takes its name from the programs created by Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression, known as the “New Deal”, that were designed to protect the poor and unemployed while stimulating the US economy and preventing another Great Depression from ever occurring again. Similar to the New Deal, the Green New Deal aims to mobilize the entire population of the US to create a new, more environmentally sustainable, economy. 
The resolution proposes a framework for addressing global climate change that ties together efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions with efforts to increase economic justice. Not only would the Green New Deal have the US reduce carbon emissions 60% by 2030, and reach net zero carbon emissions by 2050, but it also includes elements such as housing and jobs guarantees. 
The argument of those in favor of the Green New Deal is that, in order for efforts to combat global climate change to be successful, economic prosperity must be addressed at the same time as protecting the environment. Their critics argue that doing all of this would require too much time and effort, and that addressing global climate change is so urgent that we should reduce emissions first, and worry about the economic impacts later. 
Combining what you’ve learned in this course about human impacts on the environment and sustainability with research you will do on the Green New Deal and the political and economic impacts of it, your assignment is to write a paper arguing for or against the approach outlined in the Green New Deal. You should begin by reading the full text of the resolution introduced to Congress (available online at https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-resolution/109/text), and then by review the history of environmental legislation in the US, the economics of protecting the environment, and the concept of environmental justice. From there, you are free to bring in any other resources you might find to bolster your argument, but be sure to cite your sources! (For any evidence, idea, or opinion that is not your own that you include in your paper, you must record at the end of the paper where you brought in material from, otherwise this is considered PLAGIARISM and you will be docked points for ethics.) 
——— 
paper should be a minimum of 5 pages, not including references, double-spaced.

454 Words  1 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
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post an example of how Earth's major subsystems or spheres are interrelated or how they interact. You can use specific names of places, bodies of water, etc or you can be general.

43 Words  1 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
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give an example of a situation (it doesn't have to be scientific) where you can apply the steps in the scientific method. One example I often think of is if your car doesn't start, how do you approach solving the problem? We don't usually think of these scientific method steps, but we can certainly apply them to many problems we encounter daily.

73 Words  1 Pages

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Eight chemical elements compose most rock-forming minerals. The rock forming minerals may be found in a few different groups. The most common group are the silicates. 

For this discussion,

1. Choose one of the rock-forming mineral silicates.

2. Do a little research and name a product that contains the mineral you chose.

3. What economic use/value does it have?

70 Words  1 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

In the early works of the course, we see Nature presented in multiple ways. The elements, animals, and nature are mentioned by the Iroquois as they outline their political process; “nature” has a very different meaning to Jonathan Edwards—a Puritan discussing philosophical and religious living— in A Divine and Supernatural Light and Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God; later, American writers present nature when discussing their spiritual beliefs and how to go about living in the world.

In this assignment, you will compare and contrast the concept of “nature” from the earliest writings (The Iroquois League & the work of Jonathan Edwards) to the later American idea of nature found in the work of Emerson, Thoreau, and Whitman.  

This assignment should reflect your understanding of the works you’ve chosen to discuss, and explain—based on research—how the earlier work influences the later pieces, and analyze how the literature reflected the culture of the time. Historical context is discussed in the textbook, and can be used as supporting material in your paper.

The Final Paper must include a thesis—this is a statement which you will be supporting throughout your paper.  You will make claims and provide evidence to show those claims are true.  Support your claims by citing research—quotes or ideas—from other authors.  When citing an author, it’s best to explain how the quote supports your original idea, present the quote, and then show how that quote advances your claims
This paper should focus on the ideas, beliefs, values, images, and writing of the literature at hand in the context of the selected works.  Your personal life experiences should not be used as evidence in making your claims.  Keep your ideas rooted in the text.  For sources other than the primary works found in the textbook, it is recommended you turn to the Recommended Readings, all found in JSTOR , and on the list attached.  Feel free to search for other articles in that database—they are all credible and recognized for academic integrity.  


Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:
•    Must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style (6TH)
•    Must include a cover page that includes:
o    Title of paper
o    Student’s name
o    Course name and number
o    Instructor’s name
o    Date submitted
•    Must include an introductory paragraph with a succinct thesis statement.
•    Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
•    Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
•    Must use at least six scholarly sources, including a minimum of two from the Course Materials List attached in uploads.
•    Must document all sources in APA style, Must include, on the final page, a Reference Page that is completed according to APA style 

476 Words  1 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS    

Question 1A: What could account for the increase in cases reported to MDCH? 

Question 1B: What information might help determine which of these explanations is the most likely cause of the increased numbers? 

Question 2: Compare the DNA fingerprints in Figure 2 from seven of the Michigan E. coli O157:H7 cases. Each isolate has its own vertical lane (i.e., column). Controls appear in lanes #1, 5, and 10. 
Which Michigan isolates appear similar? 

Question 3: What are the advantages and disadvantages of this case definition? How might you change it? 

Question 4: Compare the age and gender distribution of E. coli O157:H7 cases from the Michigan outbreak and those reported from U.S. FoodNet sites in 1997. (see Appendix 1) 

Question 5: What kinds of questions would you ask in the hypothesis-generating interviews? Be sure to consider all possible modes of transmission of E. coli O157:H7. 


Question 7: Given your knowledge about E. coli O157:H7, the descriptive epidemiology of the initial cases, and the results of hypothesis-generating interviews, outline the information available at this point on the source of the outbreak and mode of transmission and state your leading hypothesis. 
Question 8A: How would you define controls for this study? 

Question 8B: Do you agree with the investigators’ decision to match on age group and gender? Why or why not? 

Question 9: What methods might be used to identify controls? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method? 

Question 10: Over what time period would you examine exposures to possible risk factors for cases? For controls? 

Question 11: What are possible explanations for the association between illness and sprouts? 

Question 12: How might you explain the 12 ill persons in the study who did not report eating alfalfa sprouts in the 7 days before they became ill? 

Question 13: What control measures might you consider at this point? What further studies might you suggest? (See Appendix 3 for a description of alfalfa sprouts and the typical sprouting procedure.) 

Question 14: What criteria should be considered before deciding to undertake a traceback procedure? Would you consider doing a trace back in the Michigan outbreak? 

Question 15: What information on the implicated food item might facilitate the traceback process? 

Question 16: Given the results of the Michigan and Virginia traceback investigations, where is the most likely point of contamination in the production of the sprouts? 

Question 17: In inspecting the alfalfa fields and harvesting process, what possible points of contamination should you consider? 

Question 18: What interventions/control measures would you suggest at this point? 

Question 19: What type of intervention is likely to be most effective against the problem of sprout contamination: education of producers, education of consumers, or changes in methods of product processing? Why? 




Question GUIDE (What I am looking for in each question)

PLEASE USE THIS GUIDE WHILE ANSWERING QUESTIONS.

1A) You may want to characterize reasons for the increase as artificial (e.g. increase in culturing, new testing procedures, data entry errors, lab errors, etc) versus real (e.g. changes in population and/or infection rate).

1B) Discuss procedures with lab and surveillance staff to identify potential issues.

2) Look for similar banding patterns. Those with up to one band difference are similar.

3) A case definition is a standard set of criteria used to determine whether individuals are classified as having the disease in question (cases) or not (controls). This includes clinical criteria (signs, symptoms, lab results) and time, place, and person.

4) A graph may facilitate comparisons.

5) This is done to identify all potential sources of infection. Commonalities among cases will ultimately provide a hypothesis on the source of the outbreak. Questions should include: demographics, date of onset, duration, severity, hospital/doctor visits, 7 day food and water history, exposure to other ill adults, children, farm animals, travel.

6) You may skip question #6.

7) Summarize what you have learned thus far.

8A) Controls are individuals without the disease in question but are representative of the community. Controls should be at risk, have potential for exposure but be independent of their exposure status.

8B) Matching refers to selecting controls with characteristics similar to cases such as age, sex, and geographic area. This minimizes the risk of confounding.

9) Possible methods include random digit dialing, neighborhoods, referrals from patients, and referrals from physicians. Choose one of these and list some advantages and disadvantages of your decision.

10) Traditionally, information on cases is selected approximately one week prior to the onset of disease. Controls are generally matched to cases.

11) Chance, selection bias (persons with exposure more likely to be cultured), information bias (cases more likely to accurately remember diet than controls), confounding (sprouts may have been associated with some other food that is the true cause), true association.

12) May have forgotten, cross-contamination, longer incubation period, controls infected by cases, some other cause.

13) Decide whether you have enough information to implicate a specific source. If not, suggest further studies such as culturing suspected source, traceback along chain of production, further examine cases not associated with suspected source for other possible routes of infection.

14) Evidence, environmental and/or production contamination, scope of outbreak, precedence for this type of infection, microbiological evidence. Justify your decision.

15) All steps between harvest and consumption should be considered. Product ID, lot #’s, sell-by & expiration dates, manufactures, wholesalers, distributors, shipping procedures.

16) Use the information you have gathered to establish a hypothesis. 17) If contamination occurred what are potential sites?

18) Consider short and long-term measures.

19) Changes in product processing

936 Words  3 Pages

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:
Essay description
Carry out an internet search of the origin of the GMO Foods. Everyone of your claims must be supported by reliable scientific evidence. You must cite real research, in peer reviewed journals, BUT you may NOT cite websites, documentaries, newspaper reports, or magazines, except as indirect or tertiary You will lose points for not adhering to this rule!
Your essay will address the following issues among any others you may come across: What does the term GMO mean, and what are GMO Foods? Are they good for you? Are they good for the world at large? If yes, how? If no, why? Are they harmful to human and/or animals? How about the environment? Do they help the environment, or do they harm the environment? How? Are there green GMO foods? Or are there any green chemistry interventions in place for GMO foods? Based on your research for this essay. have you formed some personal opinion about GMO foods?

171 Words  1 Pages

Introduction

Since humans landed on the moon, the sky is no longer the limit. Scientists seek to explore different horizons, conquer, and inhabit new planets. In essence, humans have come a long way. From discovery of fire to possessing innovative technology, scientists proved that man is a unique being unlike other primates or animals. Against that backdrop, humans took the bold step and ventured into colonizing the outer space. Colonization of outer space awakens debates on the practicality, ethical aspect and whether the entire project is worth the time and effort even as earth struggles with global warming and depletion of natural resources. This paper will answer two questions posed by Frank Golley. First, the possibility, or rationality behind designing a space-colony ecosystem. Secondly, the necessity of designing a space-colony ecosystem. In addition, the main argument of the essay centers on colonization of Mars as step for the preservation of human species.

Environmental Ethics

The gradual progress of extraterrestrial ecosystems is an essential aspect in the exploration of space. Space does not support human life, in order for man to inhabit space; scientists have to come up with an ingenious way of designing and building ecological systems harboring conducive living conditions. Once scientists figure out a way of designing extraterrestrial system, 50% of the work is complete. This explains the reason why ecosystems are the main objectives in space exploration (Golley, 2019). In fact, the term ecosystem refers to natural systems made up of both living and non-living organisms. More so, the word ‘system’ points to various components integrating to form equilibria, influenced and sustained by numerous dynamics. From the 1950s, researchers carried out extensive studies, trying to figure out processes within ecosystems.

Environmentalists claim that ecosystems are hierarchical in nature. The planet earth is an ecosystem with an atmosphere, oceans, seas, the lithosphere, and biosphere. Earth’s ecosystem consists of various subsystems. Each system operates separately from the others and interesting enough, a single subsystem regarded as an ecosystem. Examples of subsystems include oceans and forests (Golley, 2019). Disintegrating earth ecosystems can go on and on until one reaches single leaves or swamps of water. In every single ecosystem, an organism converts sunlight energy into chemical energy via photosynthesis. On the other hand, an individual ecosystem has a decomposing element breaking down organic matter into smaller particles, which in turn facilitates recycling matter into different items. Within the ecosystem, one can recognize consumer segments, functioning as stability and growth agents. The characteristics of ecosystem and its components result to production, degradation, and equilibrium. In other words, production through photosynthesis, degradation through microorganisms brings about balance or equilibrium of an ecosystem, which in turn results to level of performance. Therefore survival in the space depends in designing an ecosystem with the three feature mentioned above.

It is vital to note that humans did not create the earth ecosystems. Yet, the inhabitants of earth depend on them for food. The challenge lies with the design; the practical and theoretical aspects of an extraterrestrial ecosystem require understanding the intertwining between living and non-living organisms. More so, dissecting an ecosystem into single subsystems ends up forming other ecosystems (Collinss, 2019). The basic unit of an ecosystem is rare or not under grasp of scientific knowledge. It is vital to note that a living system cannot function singly and needs the input of other nonliving components. The ability of bringing together all the aspects of an ecosystem is unconceivable. No living creature can exist outside its surrounding. Therefore, living organisms coexist with their surroundings. Hence, access humans out of their environment are unpractical.

Designing a space colony implies that scientists factoring in both the human and the ecosystem in which living creatures exists. Either the human can influence his surrounding or the environment can affect the human being (Collinss, 2019). Scientists have explored all terrestrial ecosystems on earth but the knowledge is vast, impeding insight. The information on the interdependent relationship between human being and their environment is intricate and no one can obtain all the skills needed to generate an exact support space ecosystem. In summary, earth ecosystems are vast and no one has complete information required for designing an extraterrestrial ecosystem. The only solution is to approach the subject experimentally through trial and error.

To emphasize further, Experimentation requires crafting model earth ecosystems for demonstration and support of the human colony (Collinss, 2019). Alternatively, scientists can remake an ecosystem of another planet to mirror the one on earth and then place a human being on it. The process of reforming another planet’s earth to match the one on earth is terraforming. Both of the methodologies mentioned above are sensible. However, under heavy scrutiny, their feasibility is stands on shaky ground. Furthermore, no person has entered another planet’s atmosphere.

Space colony

Space colony is a technological device that can move around the earth’s orbit. Scientists define a colony as anything with human inhabitants orbiting around the sun. The colony has a physio chemical structure, which supports human being’s life for months, or longer durations. Therefore, the self-sufficiency of a space ship colony enables life and other activities associated with survival or preservation of life. Factoring all situations or contexts, the object has to contain all the systems required for a human to live a comfortable life and even reproduce with minimal utilization of resources (Warmflash, 2019). Thus, the design of the ship has to cater to basic needs through negligible input of energy and resources. Successfully designing a colony spaceship with the specifics mentioned above is a gruesome task. Almost impossible but worth the try if the human race wants to inhabit another planet.

The United States and Russia often debate on the right design required for constructing a space colony. The discussion on the equilibrium between daily human needs and environmental conditions baffles scientists (Golley, 2019). An estimated two pounds oxygen needed, 2.2pounds carbon dioxide excluded on a daily basis, intakes of water after expulsion of carbon dioxide is 4-5 pounds and so on and so forth. The cause of disagreement lies in designing a system able to supply weights of oxygen needed in the colony, water, and absorption of carbon dioxide after expulsion. The first proposed method was coming up with a machine-driven system delivering basic needs to humans within the colony. Howard Odum suggested a technical solution would bring about an instinctive perspective on the engineer’s side and the suggestions dominated the airwaves for a long time. However, the mechanical approach needs assembly parts and energy in form of diesel or fuel to keep engines running and demonstrate that it is possible to keep humans alive in space. Thus, mechanical means are expensive although retaining the procedure at a considerable cost is necessary. More so, testing colonies on earth means that they depend on earth’s conditions to make the system operational.

In the 1960s, Engineers insisted on application of technical and physical chemical equipment. However, human beings need specific conditions to sustain their lives. The biological component supplies food, oxygen and configures natural processes. Safeguarding humans from space atmosphere, managing external biological resources, coordination of the colony’s surrounding, recreation and other processes need physical engineering procedures. The current technological expertise allow for making of a well-equipped facility. For example, scientists picture the possibility of recreating algae and fish relationship with human feces as nutrient source (Collinss, 2019). Buffering alterations in a closed system need physical and technical procedures to keep a steady atmospheric condition conducive for sustaining life. Therefore, an attempt to make a closed ecosystem is a viable option. Generally, a closed ecosystem model brings into perspective everything people take for granted in the real world such as rainfall, wind, and energy circulation.

It is vital to note that all scientific hypothesis mentioned above hinge on assumptions that might obstruct application of the colony design. First assumption is the assessment of ecosystems processes (Stoner, 2019). For example, arranging human needs in terms of the most important one assumes that indirectly factors would not influence vital elements. Secondly, a proper system needs to be at equilibrium over space and time. Therefore, in case of any deviation, anyone can detect the anomaly and rectify the problem before it gets out of hand.

Neither the ecologists nor the engineers took time to consider the human element of the ecosystem. In the quest to design a colony, humans are segregate features outside the main problem. No scientists factors in a human as a subsystem that needs to fit into the extraterrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, social specialists, psychologists and other professionals suggest that the human component of the exploration of colonization should be the main agenda. Social procedures often reveal interest in space exploration. The technological atmosphere seems to be the main concern for scientists who assume that a human is an already solved puzzle. Ecologists considered the current conditions on earth and concluded that colony ecosystems need to be spacious with a rich biological diversity to facilitate natural processes such as photosynthesis and recycling of material. The earth’s ecological system is sophisticated and an attempt to reincarnate the system as a colony is not clearly feasible. In summary, solving the design challenge depends the knowledge tabled on the system (Warmflash, 2019). Rather than come up with a complete system, scientists could work on a system adjustable with emergence on new information and systematically learn the respond. It is a hard task colonizing other planets due to the long distance, from the earth’s orbit to the target planet. Nevertheless, as scientists claim, experiments will reveal the how the colony will fare on another planet.

In short, Terraforming refers to the total restructuring of a planet’s environment by altering its energy levels and material making up the atmosphere. In my perspective, it is important to put in place measures that would prevent danger or loss of life. More over life on earth is exceptional and interactive enough, placing a man on another planet is tasking as the natural environment keeps on changing with the passing years (Stoner, 2019). The only way to know is to construct environments, which are continuous. The main reason for colonizing Mars is to exploit resources on the planet and expand new horizons.

 

 

 

 

 

References

Collinss Michael (2019) Mission to Mars

Golley Frank B (2019). Environmental Ethics and Extraterrestrial Ecosystem s

Stoner, lan (2019). Humans Should Not Colonize Mars

Warmflash David (2019). Forget Mars. Here's Where We Should Build Our First Off-World Colonies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reference

 

 

 

1741 Words  6 Pages

Organism and its adaptation

Victorville city in California is one of the many cities around the United States where desert like features is experienced. The city experiences an average temperature from January to December where in January the temperatures fall to as low as 40 degrees and in December the temperatures rise to as high as 70  degrees. These kinds of temperatures are experienced year round the calendar throughout with no change. The landscape of Victorville, California is significantly termed as the high desert since it extends from the high elevations climatic conditions of northern latitudes which are much different to the low desert which is below sea level familiarly known by the Colorado Desert location (Lepucki, 2014). These temperatures are home and the thriving conditions for a brown recluse spider that similarly lives in this area as well as the humans in Victorville, California. This spider is very venomous especially to children and if not treated the results can be fatal (Russell et al., 2012).

This organism is about 6 to 20 millimeter in size but the size can increase all the same. The abdomen and the cephalothorax are of different colors mostly and they have a black marking on their cephalothorax part. This coloring effect makes them different from the normal spiders such as the pirate spiders. Significantly, the recluse spiders possess a different eye pair arrangement of six while the other spiders have eight in number (Foelix, 2011). The source of food for these recluse spiders are the crickets, firebrats and any other insect of prey with a soft body covering. These spiders are known to live in any abandoned warehouses, clothes piled up, wooded grounds, unutilized shoes, and behind card boards in the houses where the temperatures are much lower than the normal temperatures.

 

 

 

                               Thelyphonida (whip Scorpion)

                                                 Amblypygi (Tailless whip Scorpions)

Class                      Araneae (Spiders)

Arachnida                 Acari (Mites & Ticks)

                                                          Pseudoscorpiones (Book Scorpions)

                                  Solifugae (Wild Scorpions)

                             Scorpiones (Scorpions)

                   Eurypterida (Sea Scorpions)

                Xiphosura (Horseshoe Crabs)

A close related organism to the recluse spider is the Acari which are made up of the mites and the ticks. The close relationship dates back to time in history known as the Devonian period when particular species of animals were known to develop legs independently (Wheeler, 2010). This class of Arachnida has three or so orders and suborders, for example, the Parasitiformes. The Acari are known to have a size of between 0.08 millimeters to 20 millimeters for the mites. The red velvet mites as similarly found in the soils and are highly mistaken by many as spiders but the distinction is the bright red coloring that the mites have on the body. These mites are predators in nature as they grow big but at a tender age, they are just parasites feeding on insects. Mites have a breeding lifespan of one year. Recluse spiders legs have not banded and also not hairy therefore a difference from other spiders.

The head of the recluse spider has a violin shape like which is unique with other spiders. The recluse spider does not necessarily bite as it is presumed by many individuals unless the spider was disturbed (Foelix, 2011). The spider, in general, is not aggressive in nature since it lives in areas where humans are and therefore much known to humans. The functions of these spiders though not known to many is to eliminate the insects such as cockroaches and crickets that like staying in homes and therefore the spider which is a predator hunts them down as a source of food. Frequent encounters with the spiders are not known but they actually exist in the homes around unless the residents push their prey from their homes then the spiders will not survive in that environment (Barceloux, 2012).

Recluse spiders especially the brown ones have adapted to their environments physiologically by having unique hunting styles and features as it is a species generally. The most stunning physiological adaptation is the eyes which are paired two in number. Most of the known spiders have a pair of four making the total number of eyes be eight but the recluse spider has a pair of three with a total of six eyes. These particular characteristics enable the organism to see clearly at night which is the hinting hour of the spider (Foelix, 2011). The brown recluses are well known to move from one location to another at night especially the male when hunting their prey. Recluse spiders have adapted to keeping peace among its habitations and therefore the web it has constructed act as a hide out during the day when humans are in their day activities and come out at night when it is dark and the humans are asleep. The long legs also allow fast movement making it the fastest spider on earth; therefore, chasing food is not a problem to these spiders.

Recluse spiders have developed a particular venom tactic which paralyzes the prey destroying it instantly on capturing. The spiders have also evolved two Pedipalps which are tiny and movable around the mouth to ease the process of capturing and positioning prey while consumption is underway. The recluse spiders are mostly adapted to the dry and hot conditions which are found specifically in humans (Barceloux, 2012). The particular species of spiders cannot be transplanted to the cold regions of the world since they only thrive in hot moderate temperature conditions. In the case of being transplanted into similarly hot favorable conditions then they can survive since they have the possible unique feature of living for months without food or water (Wheeler, 2010). This unique adaptation prevents the extinction of the recluse spiders since they mate once and the female has the capability of producing more than 150 spiderlings in a single year, therefore, effective in nature.

The organ system of the recluse spiders will still remain intact since the adaptation is similar. They move around from the month of mostly march to October and therefore this capability allows the spiders to thrive through in case the area has the same climatic conditions as the previous location otherwise the spider dies. The spiders cannot survive for long in new locations except the stated cities of America such as Georgia, California, North Carolina and others (Foelix, 2011). This is caused by the living habitats and climatic conditions which reduce their lifetime when in the open grounds. Recluse spiders which are found in other regions such as in Germany have developed hair on their legs and bodies and they too have six eyes as their counterparts in California. Adaptation can be explained as indoors adaptation since the spiders do not harm individuals and rather important in the ecosystem as long as they thrive in the houses. Most homes have an average temperature and therefore the environment is effective for the recluse spiders.     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References

Foelix, R. F. (2011). Biology of spiders. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Lepucki, E. (2014). California: A novel.

Wheeler, J. C. (2010). Recluse spiders. Edina, Minn: Abdo Pub.

Russell, P., Hertz, P., & McMillan, B. (2012). Biology: The Dynamic Science. Cengage Learning,     1133418848, 9781133418849

Skousen, J. M. (2010). Strategic relocation: North American guide to safe places. Lehi, Utah: Swift Pub.

Barceloux, D. G. (2012). Medical toxicology of natural substances: Foods, fungi, medicinal herbs, plants,   and venomous animals. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

1222 Words  4 Pages

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