The traditional building design process was mostly relied on two-dimensional drawings as a way of communication between the project team members. This linear and sequential method created many deficiencies and limitations regarding optimization during the schematic design phase. In 1970, the concept of BIM (building information modeling) was introduced into the market and since then, it achieved a rapid success and importance into the industry. One of the significant factors for BIM’s prosperity is the use of integrated design process, which helps avoiding the troublesome of later stages optimizations including time and cost.
In most of the contract agreements, BIM became a requirement for the architect, contractor and the project manager to utilize. However, today’s BIM users face critical challenges due to the unique causes for each situation including individual skills and expertise, the size and complexity of the project and the used delivery method.
Pargraph1: the effects of individual skills and expertise
It is factual that one of the potential barriers that impede BIM implementation in a project regards individual skills and expertise. Since the application of BIM is not straightforward, it is exhibited that users endure intricacy in understanding the building process. Precisely, architects find some difficulties in understanding how to put building together as 3D, assembly of the wall floor components and the general structural frame compression. Therefore, in order to inflict changes in the skills of the users, hiring of trained expertise is done to provide consultancy services.
Paraphraph2: the effects of the Size and complexity of the project
BIM implementation is associated with challenges such as project size and complexities during delivery. Therefore, some of the problems associated with size and complexity challenges include inaccuracy in fees budgeting and extremely high costs invested on employees and employers particularly through hiring and training. This is based on the grounds that implementation of BIM in a project demands for changes in information technology infrastructure, organization workflow, skills and roles among other aspects. Therefore, size and complexity of a project results to ineffectiveness of the project delivery processes.
Paragraph3: the effects of the used delivery method
The project delivery method (PDM) exhibits significant effects on the implementation of BIM both on the bases of construction management and design-build method. Some of the challenges that are incurred by the users under construction management and design-build method include error elimination, and conflict management regarding competitive bid contracting culture together with issuing claims for extra productivity.
Conclusion
Generally, in order to produce constructible BIMs in future, it is worthwhile to focus on improving the quality of BIM which will alleviate most of the challenges associated with its application. This might be achieved through offering a constructible model that will be deliverable in future. Basically, future BIM will have to eliminate the complexities and intricacies associated with its execution in a project.
The technology is really changing business since many transactions can be done online thanks to the social media. Through the social media, it is easy for industries to be able to advertise their products at ease without having to pay for the advertisement charges (Atwong, 4). The social has consequently provided a good platform for both the industries and the buyers, thus making it for both parties to be able to carry out their activities at ease and without any problem at all. Since the social media is most used by the youth, it is easier for us to be able to advertise our accessories thus attracting many customers (Chanthinok et al, 12).
In the past, it was hard for us to be able to sale accessories without having promotions and costly advertisements. Through the social media, we are therefore able to advertise these goods and even negotiate with the customers online thus maintaining our customers and attracting other customers too. Furthermore, we are able to sell our products without the customers visiting our shops. This has therefore made us to be able to deliver goods to our customers who appreciate our services and even come back for more (Chanthinok et al, 13). When we have a new product in stock, it is also easy for us to pass the information through the social media thus being able to attract the attention of customers. Furthermore, we can be able to communicate with our customers and ask them for their opinion about our services (Atwong, 5). This really help us, as we are able to better our services hence increasing our sales and attracting more customers. Moreover we have also been able to beat our competitors through asking our customers questions and opinions about our services.
Work Cited
Chanthinok, Kriangsak, Phaprukbaramee Ussahawanitichakit, and Prathanporn Jhundra-indra. "Social Media Marketing Strategy And Marketing Outcomes: A Conceptual Framework." Allied Academies International Conference: Proceedings Of The Academy Of Marketing Studies (AMS) 20.2 (2015): 35-52. Business Source Complete. Web. 4 May 2016.
Atwong, Catherine T. "A Social Media Practicum: An Action-Learning Approach To Social Media Marketing And Analytics." Marketing Education Review 25.1 (2015): 27-31. Business Source Complete. Web. 4 May 2016.
In CT colonoscopy, helical CT or MRI is used for the purpose of imaging. It usually consists of preparing the patients, distension of the colon, a multi detector scanning and an interpretation that uses a CTC software that gives 3D images. The preparation and examination on the patient done using various ways and protocols. The most important part is a one day preparation of colon. The traditional colonoscopy utilises a wet preparation of high volume such as polyethylene glycol while CTC uses a drier preparation that leaves the colon with less fluid to allow a better view of colon wall. CTC also involves distension of the whole colon, which is done with an automated Carbon dioxide insufflator by way of inserting a small catheter tipped with balloon. A technique of a thin collimation is employed on the scanner with a little dose of radiation. Image is acquired on holding ones breath to limit effects of pressure arising from inflated lungs (Patel & Chang, 2016, p.3).
Image analysis
The effectiveness of image analysis in CT colonoscopy depends on the experience and the training of the user of the data. An image analysis on primary 3D is comparable to an analysis on primary 2D in terms of detecting the lesions when the analysis is done by an inexperienced reader. As per studies done, detection of tiny lesions was low for all the readers in spite of the advanced equipment used. This is more so where bowel cleansing and distension are not properly done. Moreover a complete analysis in 3D and 2D consumes a lot of time and right feed-back has to be double checked by aid of experienced radiologists or feedback obtained from traditional colonoscopy or surgery. However, with advanced modern software and medical systems being used by experienced medics, image analysis can be done within 10 minutes time (Fisichella, 2009 p.78)
The G20 was introduced in the United States by the Nissan Infiniti division in the year 1990 being a third model to its existing models of the Infiniti. The model had already been available in various countries like Europe and japan but using a different name “primera” (Lilien & Rangaswamy, 2004). It is vital to note that the market in the United States was substandard and unsatisfactory and this caused the management to seek new ways in which the performance can be improved and develop the performance in the market (Lilien & Rangaswamy, 2004).
In the year 1989, the Toyota Company and Nissan plunged into the market three years after Honda had announced the Acura line. This was a segment of the market that was highly known for manufactures from the United States of America and Germany (Lilien & Rangaswamy, 2004). Nevertheless, the introduction of the Infiniti was done much later after Toyota announced the presentation of Lexus in the market. As of January 1990 the Toyota product had performed better than the G20 in the market. This is to mean that the G20 was introduced after Lexus had established a good market (Lilien & Rangaswamy, 2004).
However, the product is said to be unique, prestigious and successful. This is to mean that despite the fact that introduction to the market was done late; the product still is able to attract customers due to its characteristics (Lilien & Rangaswamy, 2004). The design has enabled the company to gain competitive advantage over other companies in the same industry. The product has an increased price than the other types of cars but this is in relation to the features and abilities of the car. The model best suits segment three but I believe that the car can be modified in order to best suit people in the other categories.
References
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Top of Form
Lilien, G. L., & Rangaswamy, A. (2004). Marketing engineering: Computer-assisted marketing analysis and planning. Victoria, BC: Trafford.
Technology in today’s society is said to be the driver of human life activities and it said to be greatly advanced in today’s world. Technology has numerous contributions towards the creation of an inexpensive global community. Technology is said to have created a way for utilities in the daily lives of the human population. This has created a lot of competition and companies have been prompted to develop products that help ease and maintain relevance in the conduction of daily human activities. This entails all levels of life which include learning institution, health and daily life.
The benefits created are many and if well utilized, technology could bridge the gap that separates people on geographical basis. People are able to interact, share ideas and come up with better ideas on how to solve problems. Even though there are some disadvantages, especially in social media site, people can take it upon themselves to ensure that they are not vulnerable. Various advancement in information communication technology has led to the development of faster and cheaper ways of reaching people.
Covering cloud computing is a new business experience that was to be used by those who have a desire of knowing the impacts of IT in revenue initiatives and in the operations and costs of the business. This can in turn removes the business worry of technology hence making business leaders to get fully focused in business. The journal also shows the impact of the cloud on the organization structures of various businesses. Additionally, it shows the prospective benefits in clouds models as a result of the advancement of traditional IT in the economy. The journal recognizes the IT functions in the current companies as businesses are striving to take up a wave of cloud computing (Hugos, Hulitzky, & Ebrary, 2011).
Cloud computing can take a definition of on-demand of internet infrastructure services that assist all users to have access of particular computing resources from elsewhere in the world. This model was newly instigated to deliver computing resources. Some of the commonly used sources are applied in non health care sectors, Microsoft hotmail including Google Docs. The famous healthcare applications include Microsoft Health Vault. There is also a Google Health application that also integrates healthcare system; however, it has been withdrawn because of conventional computing which gives a provision of new massive advantages (Kuo, 2011).
Cloud computing is also capable of maintaining data in case other facilities are distant from the customers. This is important because it is persuasive and helps companies to focus on their best and leave technology for specialists. Service providers give service more of utility and this can be regarded attractive particularly to smaller organizations that need flexibility in the challenging economy. For them price is the only component in the cost ownership (Turner, 2013).
When it comes to data and information preservation, larger organizations are regarded to be more careful. Those factors became more essential when dealing with issues of hiring experts. Data security risks and regulatory implications are also other factors of concern and due to change, trade secrets are jeopardized. This makes larger organizations to become reluctant in adopting the system and sometimes they decide to work with specialists hired in their own companies (Benton-Short & Merrigan, 2015).
In most institutions these days, sustainability has gained currency inside classroom in terms of practice or research. Sustainability was derived during the explanation of pan-university approach and how it could be developed. The academic program under sustainability dwells under provost’s office but not within the classroom. This therefore means that sustainability is for all schools. In development of pan-university, sustainability is open to every student. The program also takes into account courses and faculty from all universities. As universities strive to put efforts in integrating sustainability in the curriculum, the important aspect is team-teaching. Sustainability is regarded to be related to trans-disciplinary and other team taught courses in order to attain multiple perspectives (Blonski & Spagnolo, 2015).
The paradigm cloud computing gives a new model to utilize storage and computing services flexibly. However, such flexibility that involves data outsourcing and business applications may bring in issues of critical security. This therefore calls for new security paradigms that are capable of facing problems brought by cloud approach. Despite the fact that , several solutions were proposed in the past years, there is still complexity in the implementation of secure cloud. With these considerations, it is necessary to develop a methodology that puts into consideration concerns of security as a key part of cloud based implementation (Calabrese & Cannatoaro, 2015).
Cloud computing has been rated as a fast and a growing area as far as development in healthcare is concerned. Omnipresent, accessing on-demand in effect to endless resources allows new ways of developing, using and delivering services. It is also applied in the context of OMICS for example in genomics computing, molecular and proteomics medicine and other fields still look underrepresented. Hence the objective of scoping review was to find out the state of cloud computing and the hot topics about it in the healthcare department beyond the traditional realm (Ficco, Palmieri & Castiglione, 2015).
In many industrialized countries hospitals are said to be the backbone of the healthcare system. For example in Germany different hospital treatments were conducted in 2012 in approximately 2000 thousand hospitals in order to get this data. Like many countries that are considered to be developed nearly half of the hospital beds were found to be placed in public ownership with the number said to be growing everyday even in private hospitals whose aim is to eradicate diseases and in the process prevents their deterioration of the patients. With specialized staff and equipment one can be able to do so and it is for that reason that hospitals are trying to improve their environmemt by working on both the patients and the staff in general. Since there is a permanent risk of unsafe situations found in the hospital sector most countries are opting to use technology risk management (Griebel et al., 2015).
Cloud computing is a new technique that has been adopted by managers to deliver services and computing resources. It has been widely accepted because it is believed to enhance research on healthcare, change the view that people have of information technology in the health industry and also improve the quality of services offered at healthcare facilities. However, it is important to first evaluate the benefits of cloud computing and what will be required to maintain its success before fully adopting it. health facilities could employ various strategic plans to decide what approach to take, what strategies to use and the amount of resources to be set aside to cater for the migration from traditional health services based on the cloud and embrace cloud computing. It is also important to assess the security, technological and legal aspects and the advantages and disadvantages that will be reaped from implementing the project (Glasberg et al., 2014).
This paper demonstrates the views of different paradigms of research in describing qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods of research. It shows the effectiveness of these methods and where they best apply and in so doing, help researchers to identify the most appropriate research method to use depending on the field under study. There are also ways of evaluating the effectiveness of these methods to try and enhance the authenticity of each research method. While either research method could yield adequate results, the most reliable data collected will often be achieved by combining more than one research method (Hart, 2015).
Even though there has been a lot of positive improvements in the healthcare industry, the issue of inefficiency still prevails. Little has been done to eradicate these inefficiencies because there is a shortage of information regarding how innovation healthcare may be used to solve such issues. Medical practitioners and other executives must therefore find out how to define and understand innovation in the healthcare industry to ensure that its benefits are reaped. Health facilities must invest in ways that enable them to develop creative ideas that will guide them in making innovative decisions and getting rid of problems such as inefficiencies in the healthcare facilities (Kabachinski, 2011).
A model could be used to assess the effectiveness of cloud computing. The model takes into consideration factors such as economic, organizational, technological and other external dimensions that may exist in the world of cloud computing. By assessing such factors, the model is able to explain and simplify complex factors to providers and also those who use cloud computing. It is able to define and identify the dependent and independent variables that are involved in cloud computing. Footprint diagrams are used to illustrate the generic measurements for the various dimensions that are used in the model. In the case of the final model, detailed research was conducted, significant research reviews were conducted and interviews issued to ensure that adequate data was collected. Various experts were interviewed to make the model more credible and this information was used to create the model (Kuo, 2011).
The healthcare industry is quickly embracing information and communication technology. Rather than keeping information about patients in hand written files, most, if not all of the information about a patient is kept in a database that is well organized and is set under a specific filing system to make the information easy to access. Though this is the case, there are occurrences where the information concerning a patient is lost especially in cases where files are split up in different hospitals or different departments within the same hospital. This problem could be resolved by keeping such information in the cloud, enabling doctors to have access to the information about a patient regardless of where they may be. Having ready access to this information will not only help doctors to help the patient better, but also enhances their efficiency at work and in making decisions regarding the treatment of a patient (Mertens, 2014).
The major issue of concern when it comes to using cloud computing is the security and trust pertaining the information that they store. The need for security and safety has greatly hindered the reception and adaptability to the use of cloud computing in the healthcare industry. Industries such as healthcare, the government and banks have been the most cautious and most difficult to convince to adopt cloud computing (Thakur, S.H.Y & Fontenot, 2012).
Even though it offers various advantages to its users, cloud computing also brings with it various challenges that hinder the success of its adoption and implementation. If it is to receive a greater reception, people must first learn to trust the new approach of storing data and experience its efficiency and flexibility. It is therefore important to help potential users to learn how issues regarding security, efficiency, trust and accessibility have been addressed to ensure that the service is not only advantageous, but also less prone to attacks (Yarlikas & Bilgen, 2013).
Due to the rise in the cost of healthcare and the decrease in the number of qualified professionals in the medical field, healthcare organizations are starting to embrace health information technology. The health information technology systems make it possible for medical practitioners to conduct most of their processes more efficiently and in a manner that enables them to save on cost. Technological advancements such as the introduction of cloud computing are responsible for strengthening the medical infrastructure and improving efficiency because ensure that health information technology systems can be accessed over the internet (Z, A., A, A., & S, A., 2014).
To deal with the issue of future demand and the high costs in the medical industry, healthcare institutions could adopt a pay as you use model of the cloud computing systems. Even with its advantages, people are yet to fully embrace health information technology systems and this is as a result of lack of adequate guidelines to show how such systems work and their success. Another factor that discourages institutions from adopting these systems is the issue of security and privacy of the information that will be stored (Ko, Kirchberg, & Lee, 2014).
There is a need to enhance the security of cloud computing to ensure that the information stored is secure. Clod computing security normally employs the use of various policies, measures of control and forms of technology to ensure that the data stored is secure. The risk to the security of data stored in clod computing falls under two categories. One is the risk to the providers of the cloud service while the other is risk to the users or customer who adopt the clod computing systems and store their data. Even though there is a form of shared responsibility, providers must ensure that their services are secure and that the data stored is protected. Users must also play their role by using strong passwords and keeping them confidential to prevent others from having access to the data they store (AbuKhousa, Mohamed & Al-Jaroodi, 2012).
References
Hugos, M. H., Hulitzky, D., & Ebrary. (2011). Business in the cloud: What every business needs to know about cloud computing. New York: Wiley. 2. Kuo, A. M. (2011). Opportunities and challenges of cloud computing to improve health care services. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 13(3). E67. 3. Turner, S. (2013) Benefits and risks of cloud computing. Journal of Technology Research, 4, 4. Benton-Short, L., & Merrigan, K. A. (2015). Beyond interdisciplinary: how sustainability creates opportunities for pan-university efforts. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 1-12. 5. Blonski, M., & Spagnolo, G. (2015). Prisoners’ Other Dilemma. International Journal of Game Theory, 44(1), 61-81. 6. Calabrese, B., & Cannatoaro, M. (2015). Cloud computing in healthcare and biomedicine. Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience, 16(1) doi:10.12694/scpe.v16i1.1057 7. Ficco, M., Palmieri, F., & Castiglione, A. (2015). Modeling security requirements for cloud‐ based system development. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 27(8), 2107-2124. 8. Griebel, L., Prokosch, H., Köpcke, F., Toddenroth, D., Christoph, J., Leb, I.. . Sedlmayr, M. (2015). A scoping review of cloud computing in healthcare. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 15(1), 17-17. doi:10.1186/s12911-015-0145-7 9. Glasberg, R., Hartmann, M., Draheim, M., Tamm, G., & Hessel, F. (2014). Risks and crises for healthcare providers: The impact of cloud computing. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 1-7. doi:10.1155/2014/524659 10. Hart, S. (2015). Allocation games with caps: from Captain Lotto to all-pay auctions. International Journal of Game Theory, 1-25. 11. Kabachinski, J. (2011). What's the forecast for cloud computing in healthcare? Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology, 45(2), 146-50. Retrieved from 12. Kuo, A. M. (2011). Opportunities and challenges of cloud computing to improve health care services. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 13(3). E67. 13. Mertens, D. M. (2014). Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology: Integrating Diversity With Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods: Integrating Diversity with Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods. Sage Publications. 14. Thakur, R, Hsu, S.H.Y., & Fontenot, G. (2012). Innovation in healthcare: Issues and future trends. Journal of Business Research, 68(4), 562-569. Doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.02.022 15. Yarlikas, S., & Bilgen, S. (2013). Cloud computing effectiveness assessment. International Journal of Cloud Computing and Services Science, 2(4), 226-248. doi:10.11591/closer.v2i4.3609 16. Z, A., A, A., & S, A. (2014). A proposed security architecture for establishing privacy domains in e-health cloud. European Scientific Journal, 2 SE, 337. 17. Ko, R. K. L., Kirchberg, M., & Lee, B. S. (2014). Special issue on trust and security in cloud computing: Editorial.Security and Communication Networks, 7(11), 2183- 2184. doi:10.1002/sec.1154 18. AbuKhousa, E., Mohamed, N., & Al-Jaroodi, J. (2012). E-health cloud: Opportunities and challenges. Basel: MDPI AG. doi:10.3390/fi4030621 19. P, A., & A, A. P. (2015). Protecting healthcare database by access control method on cloud computing technique - a survey. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, 6(1)
Technology in today’s society is said to be the driver of human life activities and it said to be greatly advanced in today’s world. Technology has numerous contributions towards the creation of an inexpensive global community. Technology is said to have created a way for utilities in the daily lives of the human population. This has created a lot of competition and companies have been prompted to develop products that help ease and maintain relevance in the conduction of daily human activities. This entails all levels of life which include learning institution, health and daily life.
The benefits created are many and if well utilized, technology could bridge the gap that separates people on geographical basis. People are able to interact, share ideas and come up with better ideas on how to solve problems. Even though there are some disadvantages, especially in social media site, people can take it upon themselves to ensure that they are not vulnerable. Various advancement in information communication technology has led to the development of faster and cheaper ways of reaching people (P, A., & A, A. P.2014).
Covering cloud computing is the new thing in business and it meant to be used by leaders who needs to know how IT can nimbly ramp up revenue initiatives and have a positive impact on business operations and costs. This in return allows business leaders not to worry about technology so they can focus on their business. The journal also reveals the how the cloud's effect on different business organization structures and how the evolution of traditional IT in the global economy has had potential benefits in cloud models, IT functions are very important in business and companies today who are trying to make room for the coming tidal wave that is cloud computing (Ebrary, Hugos & Hulitzky, 2011).
Cloud computing can be defined as what can be refered to as an on-demand of self-service Internet infrastructure that helps the user to to get certain computing resources from any part of the world. It is a model newly launched of delivering computing resources but it is never the less a new technology. Some of the sources that are commonly used imply innon-health care applications include Microsoft Hotmail and Google Docs, however the better known applications in health care include Microsoft HealthVault and Google Health platform that incorporate with the health care syste these have however been discontunued since compared with conventional computing, this model provides three new massive advantages (Kuo, 2011).
Cloud computing is said to maintain data in other facilities that are far away from the customers. This is said to be usefull since it is compelling as it enables companies to focus on what they do best and leave the technology to people who can be considered specialists. Some of the service providers offer metered service which are much like a utility. This kind of work can be termed attractive ecepecially to a smaller organization that are looking to remain flexible in a challenging economic climate and contain costs. Price alone is only one component of the total cost of ownership (Turner, 2013).
Larger organizations are more careful when it comes to preserving their data and information. Such factors became the main concern when it comes to dealing with certain issue like hiring data experts. Other factors that matter include regulatory implications and tbe data security risks and since such change might jeopardize trade secrets. Due to this any larger organizations might be more relucunt to adopt the system or decide to work with their own company hired specialists (Benton-Short & Marrigan, 2015).
In many institutions today, universities sustainability is is said to gaincurrency in the classroom in terms of research, and how one practice. Sustainability efforts are said to have been derived from the then need to explain how the vision of a pan-university approach couls be developed. This Academic Program in Sustainability does does not nessarily reside in any one school but instead it sits under the Office of the Provost. As such, Sustainability belongs to all schools. We next discuss the development of a pan-university. Sustainability of such a product is therefore open to minor and to all students. The program features courses and faculty from all schools at the university. As universities undertake efforts to integrate sustainability into the curriculum as an important element is team-teaching. Sustainability is said to be inherently with trans-disciplinary and also other courses that are team-taught in order to generate multiple perspectives on the same issues (Blonski & Spagnolo, 2015).
The Cloud Computing paradigm provides a new model for the more flexible utilization of computing and storage services. However, such enhanced flexibility, which implies outsourcing the data and business applications to a third party, may introduce critical security issues. Therefore, there is a clear necessity of new security paradigms able to face all the problems introduced by the cloud approach. Although, in the last years, several solutions have been proposed, the implementation of secure cloud applications and services is still a complex and far from consolidated task. Starting from these considerations, this work fosters the development of a methodology that considers security concerns as an integral part of cloud-based applications design and implementation (Calabrese & Cannatoaro, 2015).
Cloud computing is rated today as the recent fast and growing area in terms of development in healthcare. Ubiquitous, on-demand access to virtually endless resources in combination with a pay-per-use model allow for new ways of developing, delivering and using services. Cloud computing is often used in an “OMICS-context”, e.g. for computing in genomics, proteomics and molecular medicine, while other field of application still seem to be underrepresented. Thus, the objective of this scoping review was to identify the current state and hot topics in research on cloud computing in healthcare beyond this traditional domain (Castiglione, Ficco & Palmieri, 2015).
In many industrialized countries hospitals are said to be the backbone of the healthcare system. For example in Germany different hospital treatments were conducted in 2012 in approximately 2000 thousand hospitals in order to get this data. Like many countries that are considered to be developed nearly half of the hospital beds were found to be placed in public ownership with the number said to be growing everyday even in privately owned hospitals. The aim of the hospitals is to basically iraducate diseases and in the process prevent their deterioration of the patients. With specialized staff and equipment one can be able to do so and it is for that reason that hospitals are trying to improve their environmemt by working on both the patients and the staff in general. Since there is a permanent risk of unsafe situations found in the hospital sector most countries are opting to use technology risk management (Griebel et al, 2015).
Cloud computing is a new technique that has been adopted by managers to deliver services and computing resources. It has been widely accepted because it is believed to enhance research on healthcare, change the view that people have of information technology in the health industry and also improve the quality of services offered at healthcare facilities. However, it is important to first evaluate the benefits of cloud computing and what will be required to maintain its success before fully adopting it. health facilities could employ various strategic plans to decide what approach to take, what strategies to use and the amount of resources to be set aside to cater for the migration from traditional health services based on the cloud and embrace cloud computing. It is also important to assess the security, technological and legal aspects and the advantages and disadvantages that will be reaped from implementing the project (Glasberg et al, 2014).
This paper demonstrates the views of different paradigms of research in describing qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods of research. It shows the effectiveness of these methods and where they best apply and in so doing, help researchers to identify the most appropriate research method to use depending on the field under study. There are also ways of evaluating the effectiveness of these methods to try and enhance the authenticity of each research method. While either research method could yield adequate results, the most reliable data collected will often be achieved by combining more than one research method (Hart, 2015).
Even though there has been a lot of positive improvements in the healthcare industry, the issue of inefficiency still prevails. Little has been done to eradicate these inefficiencies because there is a shortage of information regarding how innovation healthcare may be used to solve such issues. Medical practitioners and other executives must therefore find out how to define and understand innovation in the healthcare industry to ensure that its benefits are reaped. Health facilities must invest in ways that enable them to develop creative ideas that will guide them in making innovative decisions and getting rid of problems such as inefficiencies in the healthcare facilities (Kabachinski, 2011).
A model could be used to assess the effectiveness of cloud computing. The model takes into consideration factors such as economic, organizational, technological and other external dimensions that may exist in the world of cloud computing. By assessing such factors, the model is able to explain and simplify complex factors to providers and also those who use cloud computing. It is able to define and identify the dependent and independent variables that are involved in cloud computing. Footprint diagrams are used to illustrate the generic measurements for the various dimensions that are used in the model. In the case of the final model, detailed research was conducted, significant research reviews were conducted and interviews issued to ensure that adequate data was collected. Various experts were interviewed to make the model more credible and this information was used to create the model (Kuo, 2011).
The healthcare industry is quickly embracing information and communication technology. Rather than keeping information about patients in hand written files, most, if not all of the information about a patient is kept in a database that is well organized and is set under a specific filing system to make the information easy to access. Though this is the case, there are occurrences where the information concerning a patient is lost especially in cases where files are split up in different hospitals or different departments within the same hospital. This problem could be resolved by keeping such information in the cloud, enabling doctors to have access to the information about a patient regardless of where they may be. Having ready access to this information will not only help doctors to help the patient better, but also enhances their efficiency at work and in making decisions regarding the treatment of a patient (Mertens, 2014).
The major issue of concern when it comes to using cloud computing is the security and trust pertaining the information that they store. The need for security and safety has greatly hindered the reception and adaptability to the use of cloud computing in the healthcare industry. Industries such as healthcare, the government and banks have been the most cautious and most difficult to convince to adopt cloud computing (Fontenot, Hsu & Takur, 2012).
Even though it offers various advantages to its users, cloud computing also brings with it various challenges that hinder the success of its adoption and implementation. If it is to receive a greater reception, people must first learn to trust the new approach of storing data and experience its efficiency and flexibility. It is therefore important to help potential users to learn how issues regarding security, efficiency, trust and accessibility have been addressed to ensure that the service is not only advantageous, but also less prone to attacks (Bilgen & Yarlikas, 2013).
Due to the rise in the cost of healthcare and the decrease in the number of qualified professionals in the medical field, healthcare organizations are starting to embrace health information technology. The health information technology systems make it possible for medical practitioners to conduct most of their processes more efficiently and in a manner that enables them to save on cost. Technological advancements such as the introduction of cloud computing are responsible for strengthening the medical infrastructure and improving efficiency because ensure that health information technology systems can be accessed over the internet (Z, A., A, A., & S, A. 2014).
To deal with the issue of future demand and the high costs in the medical industry, healthcare institutions could adopt a pay as you use model of the cloud computing systems. Even with its advantages, people are yet to fully embrace health information technology systems and this is as a result of lack of adequate guidelines to show how such systems work and their success. Another factor that discourages institutions from adopting these systems is the issue of security and privacy of the information that will be stored (Ko, R. K. L., Kirchberg, M., & Lee, B. 2014).
There is a need to enhance the security of cloud computing to ensure that the information stored is secure. Clod computing security normally employs the use of various policies, measures of control and forms of technology to ensure that the data stored is secure. The risk to the security of data stored in clod computing falls under two categories. One is the risk to the providers of the cloud service while the other is risk to the users or customer who adopt the clod computing systems and store their data. Even though there is a form of shared responsibility, providers must ensure that their services are secure and that the data stored is protected. Users must also play their role by using strong passwords and keeping them confidential to prevent others from having access to the data they store (Abukhousa, Al-Jaroodi & Mohamed, 2012).
References
Hugos, M. H., Hulitzky, D., & Ebrary. (2011). Business in the cloud: What every business needs to know about cloud computing. New York: Wiley. 2. Kuo, A. M. (2011). Opportunities and challenges of cloud computing to improve health care services. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 13(3). E67. 3. Turner, S. (2013) Benefits and risks of cloud computing. Journal of Technology Research, 4, 4. Benton-Short, L., & Merrigan, K. A. (2015). Beyond interdisciplinary: how sustainability creates opportunities for pan-university efforts. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 1-12. 5. Blonski, M., & Spagnolo, G. (2015). Prisoners’ Other Dilemma. International Journal of Game Theory, 44(1), 61-81. 6. Calabrese, B., & Cannatoaro, M. (2015). Cloud computing in healthcare and biomedicine. Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience, 16(1) doi:10.12694/scpe.v16i1.1057 7. Ficco, M., Palmieri, F., & Castiglione, A. (2015). Modeling security requirements for cloud‐ based system development. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 27(8), 2107-2124. 8. Griebel, L., Prokosch, H., Köpcke, F., Toddenroth, D., Christoph, J., Leb, I.. . Sedlmayr, M. (2015). A scoping review of cloud computing in healthcare. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 15(1), 17-17. doi:10.1186/s12911-015-0145-7 9. Glasberg, R., Hartmann, M., Draheim, M., Tamm, G., & Hessel, F. (2014). Risks and crises for healthcare providers: The impact of cloud computing. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 1-7. doi:10.1155/2014/524659 10. Hart, S. (2015). Allocation games with caps: from Captain Lotto to all-pay auctions. International Journal of Game Theory, 1-25. 11. Kabachinski, J. (2011). What's the forecast for cloud computing in healthcare? Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology, 45(2), 146-50. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.library.capella.edu/docview/863271275?accountid=27965 12. Kuo, A. M. (2011). Opportunities and challenges of cloud computing to improve health care services. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 13(3). E67. 13. Mertens, D. M. (2014). Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology: Integrating Diversity With Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods: Integrating Diversity with Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods. Sage Publications. 14. Thakur, R, Hsu, S.H.Y., & Fontenot, G. (2012). Innovation in healthcare: Issues and future trends. Journal of Business Research, 68(4), 562-569. Doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.02.022 15. Yarlikas, S., & Bilgen, S. (2013). Cloud computing effectiveness assessment. International Journal of Cloud Computing and Services Science, 2(4), 226-248. doi:10.11591/closer.v2i4.3609 16. Z, A., A, A., & S, A. (2014). A proposed security architecture for establishing privacy domains in e-health cloud. European Scientific Journal, 2 SE, 337. 17. Ko, R. K. L., Kirchberg, M., & Lee, B. S. (2014). Special issue on trust and security in cloud computing: Editorial.Security and Communication Networks, 7(11), 2183- 2184. doi:10.1002/sec.1154 18. AbuKhousa, E., Mohamed, N., & Al-Jaroodi, J. (2012). E-health cloud: Opportunities and challenges. Basel: MDPI AG. doi:10.3390/fi4030621 19. P, A., & A, A. P. (2015). Protecting healthcare database by access control method on cloud computing technique - a survey. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, 6(1)
Over the years, people have come to embrace technology due to the various advantages it presents to them. The most accepted and widely used technological device is computers which brought about wireless internet connection. Through it, people can communicate, share content such as documents, videos and photographs and also interact on a global scale. With the increased use of the internet, internet connection sharing was developed where people have wireless internet connection for their computer devices. Most computer devices have the capability of being used as an internet access point allowing others to access the internet wirelessly through the device. Though this may be an advantage, it poses security risks because anyone within the network range can have access to the device if it is not encrypted. This means that they will be able to have access to the traffic and sensitive information stored in the computer. Due to the increasing rate of crimes related to wireless security, two security protocols, WEP and WAP, have been used to enhance internet wireless security.
Wireless Equivalent Privacy (WEP) was introduced in 1997 to help increase the confidentiality of data and enhance wireless security. During this time, it was mostly preferred as the ideal solution for increasing wireless security through its 10/26 hexadecimal digit encryption (Borisov, Goldberg and Wagner, 2016). The method relied on the methods of either open system or shared key authentication. In the open system authentication, a person intending to connect to the wireless network was not required to provide their credentials but only had to authenticate with the access points. After access was granted and the authentication was successful, the pre-shared key would then use RC4 to encrypt the data. RC4, being a stream cipher meant that a key would never be used more than one time thus enhancing security.
Though this enhanced the security of the wireless network, it also made it prone to an attack (Borisov, Goldberg and Wagner, 2016). The same system used to ensure that no key was used twice was both an advantage and a weakness. The system created a cycle when changing the traffic key which meant that a key sequence would eventually be repeated after certain cycles in the system. The amount of traffic determined the number of packets that existed in a given period of time. Given a certain level of traffic, an individual intending to hack the WEP could do so in a matter of minutes. If the number of packets was low, the hacker only had to feed packets to the wireless network, wait for reply packets and then inspect them for the key. Little skills were needed to perform this type of hack not to mention the various software created to hack WEP using a simple home computer (Paquet, 2013).
Due to the flaw in WEP, the Wi-Fi Protected Access (WAP) was introduced to offer better wireless security. Rather than using short passwords like words in a dictionary which can easily be hacked, WAP emphasizes on the use of words that are long and random, preferable 14 digits or letters when setting up the WPA security key (Elison, 2002). It ensures that only the people who know the key can access the wireless network. It relies on a TKIP encryption algorithm which makes the key harder to decrypt or hack. WPA uses 8 to 63 character passphrase in its pre-shared share key which creates a form of authentication based on RADIUS which is more secure than WEP.
Even though WAP offers better security than WEP, users could compromise its success in enhancing the wireless security depending on the type of pre-shared shared keys they use (Ellison, 2002). In the case where the user uses a weak pre-share shared key, a hacker could de-authenticate the user and then wait for him to reconnect. The reconnection will enable the hacker to capture the message exchanged during reconnection and get the key from the passphrases exchanged in the process. There are also other software that the hacker could use and hack the wireless network in a matter of minutes. The success of WPA in preventing wireless internet attacks will therefore depend on the user and the type of keys they use. Users must ensure they use strong passphrases or ensure that their hexadecimal key incorporates 64 characters so as to prevent hackers from getting access to their computers and wireless internet devices (Paquet, 2013).
Even with the various security protocols put in place to enhance wireless security, the best way to prevent hackers from getting access is by practicing safe wireless usage. In the case of shared passwords, informing everyone with access to the password of the importance of wireless security will help making it more secure. They will be more vigilant to people that seek access to the network thus making it difficult to hack. While setting up a security key or password, it is important to ensure that the characters selected are as random as possible. This will make them difficult to decrypt and therefore more secure. Even though WAP is an improvement of WEP and is more secure, it is the activities of the user that will ensure that its success in maintaining wireless security is upheld.
References
Borisov, Goldberg and Wagner, (2016) “Security of WEP algorithm” Berkley University
Ellison C. (2002) “Wireless LANs at risk” PC Magazine
Paquet C. (2013) “Network security concept and policies” Cisco Press
Organization (company): Apartments Complex Being the Chief Technology Officer (CTO) at your organization, you are asked to - with high sensitivity to both IT and business leaders' preferences as well as stakeholders best interest - draw relevance between what was stated in the article and your own reality by answering the following questions:
Pretend that "your company" is corporate which specialize in leasing apartments, property management and have multiple offices and properties in different areas of Illinois.
1.Many Star Trek fans would say, "Space, the final frontier." How important the task of A.I. enabled facility and building management will help your business? 2.For people who insist they must work in an "office space," how would you ease the tension when the organization is moving into a flexible working environment by gradually eliminating traditional offices and cubicles?
Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer: Paper Instructions:
Imagine you are preparing for an interview with a company as an IT manager. Part of the interview process is a work sample. You must demonstrate your understanding of IT governance and IT strategic vision by analyzing Amazon’s business strategy in relation to IT governance.
Search for a recent article on Amazon’s business strategy.
Develop a 1- to 2-page checklist of the main points Amazon’s IT department should consider so IT is properly aligned to Amazon’s strategic business plan. Include relevant laws, regulations, and industry standards that would impact the business plan, such as PCI standards and SOX regulations.
Write a 1- to 2-page summary of the effectiveness of Amazon’s IT governance and how it executes it’s IT strategic vision as you understand it.
Format your citations according to APA guidelines.
Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer: Paper Instructions:
See the case scenario below. Respond to the 3 questions below. You need to write your case in APA style and include a reference page. You also need to include in-text citations in the body of your paper. The response to each question should be at least 1 page long and you support your key point with additional research.
The Internet puts small businesses on the same footing as large organizations by providing an inexpensive platform for interacting with customers and selling products and services. With their global reach, social networking sites are a good example of how the Internet can level the playing field. Here are five ways that small businesses can take advantage of these sites:
Creating local social networks—Small businesses can use sites such as Yelp (www.yelp.com), which help people find local restaurants, dentists, hairstylists, mechanics, and so on. People also use these sites to find out about upcoming events, take advantage of special offers, and talk to other customers.
Creating a blog or social hub—This allows small businesses to keep customers engaged by creating useful content such as how-to lists or industry insights.
Using Twitter—This allows small businesses to connect with their consumers in real time. Creating a Facebook fan page—This allows small businesses to visualize and build a community that can be customized by adding maps, coupons, and so forth.
Using a custom wiki—A wiki can be used as a public forum that alerts customers to problems and concerns related to the company’s products and services and resolves issues or answers questions to keep customers engaged.
Answer the following questions
How does the Internet put small businesses on the same footing as large organizations? What are two ways social networking sites such as Twitter can help a small business? How can a site such as Yelp help small businesses?
Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer: Paper Instructions:
Compose an informative essay that explores a new technological development in your field of study. For example, you might choose to explore drone delivery if you are in the IMCT pathway, virtual reality for STEM, or digitized textbooks if you are pursuing Education. (If you need more details about Broward College′s various career pathways, visit the ″Programs and Degrees″ webpage.) In addition to explaining to your audience about the technology, you must also argue whether or not you believe this technology is ultimately beneficial to the field, elaborating why or why not by exploring potential applications, dangers, and/or limitations. For instance, while digitized textbooks may sound like a novel resource in education, what about students who do not have regular or reliable internet access? In order to help you to explain your technology, you should conduct research on your topic and incorporate quotations and/or paraphrases from three outside sources within your essay. These are the instructions given. I don′t really have a topic but my pathway is health science. I saw something about electronic skin for prosthetics but not really sure how to write about that. And the professor has a template he would like us to follow
Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer: Paper Instructions:
XYZ Firm is diverse in its interests, with many different divisions. The chief information officer (CIO) is looking to you for assistance in lowering costs and providing new value-added services to the business. He wants to use the Widget division as a pilot for consuming cloud services. Throughout your 5-week contract with the firm, you will build a methodology that defines an approach for consuming cloud services. The first step is to socialize the business to the notion of cloud computing. There is a lot of fear of the unknown, and it is going to be up to you to help the business take the first step. The CIO wants your assistance in preparing a proposal that he will share with the executive leadership. Write a report that details the possible cost savings with adopting cloud-based solutions and the benefits of using cloud services. Research at least 2 cloud-based providers, and select 1 the following service lines as the basis of your analysis: - Human Resources Supply Chain General Office Function (such as e-mail and collaboration tools) Your analysis should also give consideration to the following topics for the 2 providers you selected in comparison to an on-premise type of deployment: Speed of deployment Costs (when possible) U Service offerings • U Elastic scaling Vendor lock-in Finally, identify the cloud type that might be most appropriate for the service line you selected out of the following: • J Public Private O Community Hybrid You may use the following sample as a guide for any cost analysis you wish to consider. The table represents some sample costs that a firm may incur for hosting an on-premise solution to support a business service. The table contains sample cost allocations for IT hosting an on- premise business service. Week 2 The presentation to the executive leadership went well, and the chief information officer (CIO) is looking to you again. He wants to start small and look at basic information technology (IT) services from a SaaS and IDaaS perspective. Complete the following: Identify at least 2 SaaS providers that can provide services for basic office administration and collaboration functions like Web mail, messaging, document sharing, and project management. O Identify at least 2 IDaaS providers that may be used to provide identity services for the existing on-premise services (human resources and supply chain) and possibly the soon-to-be-hosted SaaS solution, which will provide for basic office administration and collaboration functions. Once you have identified the SaaS and IDaaS providers, provide some analysis on their offerings and advantages. Finally, provide a high-level plan for migration that includes the tasks to be done, risks with risk mitigation, and risk management Week 3 The chief information officer (CIO) is pleased with the progress being made with the Software as a Service (SaaS) and Identity as a Service (IDaaS) efforts so far and wants to look at the supply chain program that was custom-written. The CIO wants it gone. An SOA approach may work here, which would involve some on- premise hardware. In the long term, the CIO might consider SOA and Infrastructure as a Service and is presently more interested in a PaaS approach. Complete the following for Section 3: J Research 3 Platform as a Service (PaaS) providers, and identify why they may be considered as potential PaaS providers for the current supply chain program. • n Identify potential benefits and risks that may be unique to each PaaS provider. O y Include in your analysis a general discussion on budgeting considerations. • - Include a summary that details the PaaS provider that you would select, with justification. Week 4 Your efforts to adopt cloud-based services have progressed very well, and it is time to look at the remaining on-premise solutions that do not fit in a Software as a Service (SaaS), Identity as a Service (IDaaS), or Platform as a Service (PaaS) model. The chief information officer (CIO) would like to retain the ability to maintain the remaining applications in their own infrastructure, without the burden of maintaining the infrastructure. Research 3 laaS vendors, and provide an analysis of their potential benefits and savings, with particular attention to the following: Virtualization Scaling and storage Clustering Key Assignment Draft Submission On completion of the laaS analysis, submit the analysis that you have completed so far in the previous phases. This will include Sections 1 to 4 of the Key Assignment, as follows: Section 1 : Cloud Providers and Cost Savings Analysis Section 2: SaaS and IDaaS Plan Section 3: SOA and PaaS for Supply Chain Section 4: laaS Provider Analysis Week 5 The chief information officer (CIO) is very pleased with all of your efforts to adopt cloud-based services and wants to ensure the data is secure and that a strategy exists for maintaining the solution going forward. In the final section, cover the following: Security threats in cloud-based solutions with risk management strategies Governance principles for cloud-based solutions Identify management opportunities in the cloud
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