Cloud Profitability

Cloud computing is a unique platform which allows an entity to access and store company data virtually. This platform is good in such a way that it is cost effective, hence impacting any business positively be it small or a big business (Zhao & Li, n.d.). It is therefore cost effective in the sense that it allows the storage of data without any limits. Secondly, the storage of data does not require regular monthly premiums, since the cloud provider is responsible for checking for any issues, hence saving the business monthly subscriptions (Antonopoulos & Gillam, 2010). Thirdly, it does not require frequent advice from IT technicians, since once a business transforms into cloud service, then the cloud provider is able to take control of each and everything, hence limiting the business from incurring any costs. Lastly, any employee can access the company’s data through cloud, anywhere they may be, guaranteed they can access the internet (Mavromoustakis, Mastorakis & Dobre, 2016). 

When it comes to the issue of data storage, a business chooses the package which they think will be enough for the storage of its data. Once this is ascertained, the data is then stored, without having any problems concerning storage capacity. This therefore saves the company a lot of money, particularly money which is required for storage backups (Mavromoustakis, Mastorakis & Dobre, 2016). The use of cloud does not require monthly licenses, hence the business runs smoothly, without the fear of being closed down due to the lack of a license (Zhao & Li, n.d.). Thirdly, the cloud provider is responsible for any faults, hence he or she takes care of all the problems associated with the system, hence the company does not require IT technicians advice when experiencing an issue, a factor which saves the company a lot of money, since it is very expensive to seek advice from IT technicians (Antonopoulos & Gillam, 2010). Finally, data can be accessed from anywhere through the use of cloud, hence allowing businesses to operate virtually, hence saving the costs of setting up an office.

Reference

Antonopoulos, N., & Gillam, L. (2010). Cloud computing: Principles, systems and applications. London: Springer.

Mavromoustakis, C. X., Mastorakis, G., & Dobre, C. (2016). Advances in mobile cloud computing and big data in the 5G era.

Zhao, H., & Li, X. (n.d.). Resource Management in Utility and Cloud Computing [recurso electrónico].

Research Study Report

Introduction

 A review on the usage of various wireless carriers indicates the existence of poor GSM connection inside the building especially when using carriers such as Verizon, Sprint and AT&T. When using these carriers inside the building, poor network connection or lack of network while using a smart phone is experienced indoors. Even where devices such as T-Mobile are used, it does not provide enough coverage in terms of network which makes communication very important. This report aims at looking into the various reasons for the problem and suggests various solutions that may be adopted or implemented. The cost that comes with implementation of these solutions is also highlighted in the report in order to obtain enough assessment of the issue.

Research on the cause of poor GSM network

The coverage black-spots results from various causes and some may be planned for, effects minimized or mitigated through the assistance of network operators and even others that may not be visible to the network. The experience of poor indoor network coverage can be attributed to the obstructions by the building since it stands in the radio transmission path , and therefore leading to fading of the any network connection. The building acts as a physical obstruction may be due to the penetrability of the materials used for its construction. Hence, radio transmissions bounce of such an object at very acute angle which leads to reflections of signals(Mishra,  25). These reflections of the signals also cause delay and any simple receiver would just act as interference. Therefore, having poor network inside the building regardless of sufficient coverage outside the building shows clearly that the building is the cause since signals are reflected by the materials in the building.  This means that during the construction of the building there was little regard was given to the need for indoor coverage and may be a sign that materials used for structural strength and insulation can be the greatest culprit in this obstruction.

 In other cases, the cell tower may not be too far but still signal remains weak even outside the building and this case; the cause is normally the broadcasting antenna angling which may reduce the focusing of the intended coverage area. In such a case, even the network inside the building will continue being affected and may even be worse at times. The use of a single Omni-directional antenna means that there is a capacity limit since the speed available and the extent of usage may be limited.

Results

To begin with,   it is necessary to have wireless solutions that are in-building which will be aimed at boosting the signal and this include the passive or active systems that will improve network connectivity from within.  Passive can achieve a coverage that is stronger since it strengthens the current signal from the closest tower cell . Active system can allow for an increase in capacity since it basically involves a construction of miniature cell site for the specified area. These two involves the use of an antenna to boost network connectivity inside the building. The antenna can be attached to the phone while inside the building so as to try to harness the network connectivity for that specific place(Mishra,  56).

A GSM modem is another option that provides a solution for lack of indoor network connection. The devise is a wireless modem that is compatible with GSM wireless network. Such a modem will act like a modem for dial-up even though both are different. While dial-up modem works through sending and receiving data by use of a fixed telephone line, wireless modem involves sending and receiving data by use of radio waves.  The GSM modem would need a SIM card provided by a wireless carrier so as to operate.  The device involves a technology that is packet-switched and is normally extended from GSM. The device comes with a specific serial interface that can be used to control the modem by use a command interface for AT. In addition, a power adapter and even antenna is also provided, and has basic modem working segregation that consist of SMS, GSM Data Calla, GPRS and even voice calls.  The SMS involves using the modem to provide various features including SMS transmission that is pre-stored while the transmission of SMS can be done on specific trigger events in a system that is automatic (Mishra,  25). Inside the building, it is also possible to make data calls using phone line and one advantage over SMS is that it allows communicating parties to send or receive data using their terminals. The data calls are essentially made for the purpose of sending and receiving data streams between devices such as PC’s or even embedded devices.

It is possible to establish calls using terminals at either receiving or send side while starting the data calls. In other cases, GPRS modem can be used for data transmission and where the modem is not able to reach the required speed. The GPRS can achieve higher speed in data transmission than GSM.

The building can also be rebuilt so as to use materials that will not obstruct the transmission of signals or using materials that will not reflect the radio signals required for network connectivity. Or rather the building can use the Distributed Antenna System where a rooftop donor antenna can be connected to an Optical Transfer System and an amplifier at the basement whereby the signal is then routed to various ceiling antennas.

The use of this principal can be combined with various multiple antennas or Smart Repeaters to enable the extension of network coverage in many floors of the building.  In all these cases, the angle of the antenna and tilting of the antenna can be done to ensure there is sufficient GSM network coverage. The tilting can be done so that it faces below horizon and hence power is focused at specified coverage area.

Criteria for the solutions

 The criteria for selecting the best solution involve time, cost and possibility of adopting the solution. The cost and time factors normally interact with each other and a tradeoff can be achieved. If the implementation of the solution is achieved earlier, more funds especially on additional personal and overtime will be required. The cost for reconstructing the building is expected to be higher than that of installing devices such as GSM modem and Distributed Antenna System.

Conclusion

 The loss or disruption of GSM network connectivity in the building can be attributed to the materials used in its construction which reflect any signals. The various alternatives available includes restricting the building, using a GSM Modem and Distributed Antenna System. GPRRS can be used where GSM modem fails to solve the problem

Recommendation

In this case it would be efficient to implement the GSM Modem so as to save on cost. Moreover, the re-construction of the building to allow for internet connectivity may take a lot of time hence, the choice for installing new improvement devices.

Works cited

Mishra, Raj Gaurav, ed. HCTL Open International Journal of Technology Innovations and Research (IJTIR): Volume 2, March 2013. HCTL Open Publications Solutions, India, 2013.25, 56

Describe How Being A Global Citizen In The World Of Advanced Technology Can Be Beneficial To Your Success In Meeting Your Personal, Academic, And Professional Goals.

The video mainly illustrates distinct challenges that are experienced globally which in turn necessitates the involvement of global citizenship as a feasible solution. Expertise in the psychological field normally utilizes global citizenship in acquiring insights in regard to how they best interact effectively with the clients. In this context, the existing technology world which is global citizenship is important for most of the young persons (Lux, N.D). In that, it creates platforms where individuals can not only interact with the broader populace but also acquire, skills, knowledge and supportive strategies in regard to expanding their professional and academic knowledge in relation to the specific development of professions in a more enhanced and guarded world. Based on the capability of technology global citizenship provides wider platforms where individuals can succeed in personal, expertise and academic lives.

Based on my view from the illustrations by the video it is apparent that global citizenship in the contemporary technological society is a necessary venture that everyone should partake based on the associated benefits (Lux, N.D). Technology is essential given that it assists most individuals to maintain relationships with professional colleagues, family as well as friends via direct messaging and connections. Today, advanced technology is categorized as an essential aspect in regard to communication a major channel where individuals can benefit by acquiring support to achieve their personal, academic as well as expertise goals. Most individuals rely on the internet in acquiring knowledge as well as information and people with similar goals and mindsets. Also, it is through the internet that individuals can learn distinct cultures and languages an essential aspect in the professional industry today based on the growing diversity (Lux, N.D).

Building healthy relationships requires the capability to maintain consistent communication something that advanced technology supports. In that, the acquired relationships can be utilized in growing academic and professional goals (Lux, N.D). This interaction helps to understand individual’s backgrounds and their differences as well. It is by appreciating the distinctions among persons that is bound to expand one’s knowledge thus making it easier for one to participate in teamwork. It is universally argued that effective care and relationships are impossible with the absence of professional, personal and academic knowledge given that these aspects assist in understanding differing backgrounds (Lux, N.D). Based on the video it is apparent that technological and radical guidelines are incapable of achieving supportable growth in reference to expertise, academic, and individual standpoints because it necessitates the general support of global citizenship which is effective in transforming the manner in which people think or work.

Disagreement between Theorists about the Definition of Global Citizenship

Developing an actual or similar global citizen description is challenging based on the consistent utilization of identical terms that mainly describe the situation and the power held by corrective philosopher’s views. The confusion emerges because the theorists gather their arguments from differing disciplines and viewpoints which can either be developmental, training, political and religious views (Reysen & Katzarska-Miller, 2013). In connections with these concepts prior to theorization global citizen can best be described as the actual consciousness, precaution and the capability to embrace cultural diversity while encouraging social fairness and development supported by the responsibility sense.

Two of the Six Outcomes of Global Citizenship

One of the major important global citizenship outcomes is diversity valuing. Valuing diversity refers to the willingness as well as the general appreciation for different cultures from the global context (Rhoads & Szelényi, 2011). This outcome is the most significant because it asserts on the idea of nurturing relationship which in turn promotes diversity, togetherness, and respect among individuals. In addition, it promotes that thought that individuals should make rational thought in regard to all matters that concern justice, impartiality and all the forces that encourage global harmony. In this context, valuing diversity is an exploration of universal citizenship concepts that seeks to encourage collective development (Rhoads & Szelényi, 2011). The other outcome is the responsibility level that seeks to be responsive for the wellness of the world. In that through interacting with individuals and understanding their struggles and success were acquired the motivation to appreciate differences that in turn encourages harmony.

Two Personal Examples or Events That Demonstrates Global Citizenship Development

Personally, global citizenship can best be illustrated by the fact that I appreciate diversity. In life, I have learned that diversity is essential given that it supports skills and knowledge expansion. Through by diverse friends I understand different cultures and languages such as Chinese and Italian despite the fact that I have not acquired proficiency. In addition, I participate in technological interactions where I borrow thoughts and advice I regard to personal and academic issues from the relationships that I have built over the years. It is through this that I feel that my family is much broader based on the support given.

Two Specific General Education Courses and Their Influence

Public and international relations are some of the academic courses that have fueled by desire and willingness to become a global citizen. The courses emphasize that today the academic and expertise field are characterized by diversity which is beneficial in knowledge and skills expansion. This, therefore, demonstrates the need for individuals to acquire global citizenship that will impact their ability to relate to the extensive world at ease (Rhoads & Szelényi, 2011). In addition, employers are in search of diverse persons mentally and in terms of skills a thing that triggered my interests.

References

Lux. (n.d). Globalization: What Is Happening to Us? Infobase Press. Retrieved from https://fod.infobase.com/OnDemandEmbed.aspx?Token=50420&aid=18596&Plt=FOD&loid=0&w=640&h=480&ref

Reysen, S. & Katzarska-Miller, I. (2013). Model of global citizenship: Antecedents and outcomes. International Journal of Psychology. Vol. 48, No. 5, 858–870. Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2012.701749

Rhoads, R. A., & Szelényi, K. (2011). Global citizenship and the university: Advancing social life and relations in an interdependent world. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.

Technology in Public Schools

Technology in the 21st century is currently the best kind of advancement that the world has made with regards to solving the economic challenges not forgetting the impacts it has made to the school institutions. In schools, technology has pushed the level of understanding for some schools up whereas, in other, the impact has a negative effect. Institutions, where the students have an access or more knowledge to technology than the teachers there, is miscommunication created (Dell et al., 2016). The problem statement in this sense is to look into the impact of technology in the institutions especially the public institutions. The major cause of this problem is the fact that students have gained more access to technology than the educators which causes the teachers to drag behind in some of the areas where the physical application would make sense.

Technology is required in every essential especially in the schools where it can be integrated with learning to produce the best results. Public schools have been known to have challenges when it comes to resources and the access level to new and developed methods of services like technology. Public schools hold more students than the private schools and since they are located in the rural areas, access to advanced technology is an issue (Davies et al., 2014). However, students have an access to technology as they in many ways relate with their age mates and influence takes the center stage. Educators on the other hand lack access to technology, therefore, creates a disparity when it comes to learning. This is a major issue that needs to be addressed and a solution defined as the level of technology is still advancing and so is the current generation. The study has the intention of addressing and finding a solution on how the teacher can access technology and combine it with improved learning.

References

Davies, R. S., & West, R. E. (2014). Technology integration in schools. In Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (pp. 841-853). Springer New York.

Dell, A. G., Newton, D. A., & Petroff, J. G. (2016). Assistive technology in the classroom: Enhancing the school experiences of students with disabilities. Pearson.

            Electric cars in Rhode Island

            Introduction

Global warming is currently categorized as one of the prime societal and economic issue globally. The implications of this environmental issue have begun to affect some parts around the world. The universal controversial debates on whether global warming is to be accounted as an authentic problem are orientated towards the confirmatory sector and fluctuating directly towards the query of how the escalating issue should be fixed. The transportation sector has been determined to be the major donor to the effect of global warming around the world. According to Zehner (6) Rhode Island’s transportation sector contributes to approximately 30 percent of the nation’s emissions. A significant quantity of the large emissions can be outlined back to the vehicles. Several solutions like fuel efficient and cleaner fuel vehicles have been proposed and applied in the past in Rhode Island but have not achieved efficiency in emissions reduction (DMV 1). One of the major controversial proposals, however, involves the adoption of electric vehicles.  Electric cars offer a substitute of the conventional fossil fuels by opting for electricity powering, a proposal that is believed to eliminating car based emissions completely. In Rhode Island, electric cars are the solution to emissions decrease, based on their capability to eliminate greenhouse fumes releases.

            Rhode Island’s Green cars Incentives

Rhode Island is among states that inspire resident divers to adopt and embrace green incentives that are both friendly to the surrounding and the economically (DMV 1). These incentives entail emissions tests exemptions particularly for the electric vehicles, nation based tax exclusion and the acquisition of tax credit for substitute fuel-driven cars, coverage discounts for the fuel effectual vehicles and so on (DMV 1). Rhode Island is mainly focused more on the environmental problems and therefore its green driving incentives and the economic friendly regulatory laws are rapidly evolving to accommodate the changes. The incentives are mainly objected at lowering the environmental effects that are caused by gas fueled vehicles (DMV 1).

            Electric Cars and History

An electric vehicle can best be defined as a type of vehicle that is fueled by the utilization of electric energy that is based on batteries which can be re-energized instead of the utilization of the popular gas, petrol or even diesel (Anderson 1). Electric vehicles are progressively gaining popularity in the world today and particularly in Rhode Island through government powered incentives but the adoption is rather slow (DMV 1). Electric vehicles were initially produced in the mid-1880s but their short run fame was acquired between the 19th and 20th centuries which faded shortly based on the initiation of advanced interior combustion vehicle engines (Anderson 1). The advanced technology in the battery aspects and the necessity for energy management has led to the resurrection of the electric vehicles. As the consumption of oil results in reduced air superiority, health implications becoming even worse and expensive simultaneously without forgetting the quickening climatic adjustments the best scheme is to utilize electric vehicle as a viable environmental and economic solution (Anderson 1).

            Main Features of Electric Vehicles and the Current Market Leaders

Electric vehicles are deemed to be easier in reference to driving, they hold a more improved routine as well as quite movement and procedure when equated to motors that utilize inner combustion engines (Gillis 13). Currently, the adoption of electric cars has been slower given that most of the electric vehicles are highly expensive and exist in fewer numbers within the market and being defeated by the initiation of hybrid vehicles, it is actually challenging for most individual’s to gain the capability to enjoy the electronic fueled vehicles. The most important aspect is that an electric vehicle is best to categorize it as an electric motor. Electric motors are best utilized in thrusting the device under the electric regulation. The technology advancement allows the vehicles to move at a relatively lower speed that results in less energy consumption that eliminates the emission of toxic gasses (Gillis 13). This implies that electric vehicles provide more economic and environmental benefits more than just the use of electric power. This is a technology that helps in the general cause of green programs that lowers the general implication of pollution given that the vehicles reduce zero or fewer emissions specifically when they are driven under reduced speed (Gillis 15).

Based on the growing popularity and acceptance in Rhode Island, the federal administration has in the recent years been powering incentives on the purchase and maintenance of electric cars and other alternatives rather than fueled powered vehicles (DMV 1). Some of the major reasons for the application of these incentives is to eliminate gas emission especially in the transport sector which is accounted to be the highest. It is worth noting that the more the cars are energy efficient, the higher the cost efficiency and the lower the emissions. The maintenance of these electric vehicles is close to standard when equated to other cars and the different vehicle batteries. However, the motors for the electric vehicles are associated with an extensive lifespan.  The major market leaders in the production of electric cars are Tesla, Renault-Nissan, and Mitsubishi (Hamilton 21). On the other hand companies such as Honda and Toyota are in the process of manufacturing and releasing their manufactured electric vehicles (Hamilton 21).

            Environmental and Economic Benefits/ Disadvantages of Electric Vehicles

            Electric vehicles are smooth, quiet and very speedy that makes the standard car to appear as outdated and moderate. This is the type of vehicles that are capable of moving a hundred miles without the necessity to seek recharge station given that they only need to be charged at night after the daily operations (Stenquist 1). The cars are not associated with exhaust systems and there is no given necessity to change oils. This, therefore, implies that electric cars are associated with fewer maintenance expenses. An additional significant aspect is its environmental conservation, electronic cars permit the surrounding to be characterized by fresh and quality air a thing that makes it be associated with less environmental pollution. In addition, this, in turn, impacts health outcomes where individual’s health is boosted while retaining the capability to acquire agricultural productivity (Stenquist 1).

The major electric cars disadvantages lie in the lack of adequate consumer demand. Consumer appeal is significant in lowering emissions (Stenquist 1). It is unfortunate that based on the small sizes of the electric vehicles consumer demand is lost. Most of the electric cars that are present in Rhode Island and global market are characterized by small sizes which fail to accommodate the public needs and capability to perform (DMV 1). In addition, electric vehicles are associated with rather a high cost when equated to the hybrid and fuel drove vehicles which make them unfavorable to most. Despite the application of the incentive that seeks to reduce the linked expenses the vehicles are still the most expensive in the market. The travel range of these vehicles is still limited which fails to fit into the contemporary travel needs.  Despite the significant battery advancement, most of these vehicles still operate under the one hundred miles limitation which means that the user has to search for charging station often and the charging rate is rather slow when equated to fuel filling (Stenquist 1). A further electric vehicle criticism is the high utility bills cost. In that, the users have to create and install charging ports and sites at home which attracts the application and use cost.

            Conclusion

            In summing up, global warming holds significant relation to emissions acquired from vehicles. The need for a more economical and environmentally friendly operation has resulted in a significant development in the electric vehicles sector. Based on the illustrated discussions it is apparent that Rhode Island is economic and environmentally conscious as it attempts to reduce transport emissions via the application of various green driving incentives. However, despite the fact that electric vehicles are associated with numerous benefits it is apparent that the slow adoption and acceptance of the vehicles are driven by cost, the lack of consumer’s appeal, small size and the incapability to meet travel and modern demands such as flexibility and convenience. When equated to other vehicles electric cars are more efficient, they need low maintenance and friendly to the surrounding. It is, however, apparent that more improvement in the sector is necessary for driving their popularity and acceptance.

Work Cited

Anderson, Curtis D, and Judy Anderson. Electric and Hybrid Cars: A History. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, 2010. Internet resource.

DMV. Green Driver State Incentives in Rhode Island. 2017. Retrieved from http://www.dmv.org/ri-rhode-island/green-driver-state-incentives.php

Gillis, Justin. Oil Industry’s New Threat? The Global Growth of Electric Cars. 2016. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/07/business/energy-environment/the-global-growth-of-electric-cars.html

Hamilton, Leslie, and Philip Webster. The International Business Environment. , 2015. Print.

Stenquist, Paul. How Green Are Electric Cars? Depends on Where You Plug In.2012. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/15/automobiles/how-green-are-electric-cars-depends-on-where-you-plug-in.html

Zehner, Ozzie. Green Illusions: The Dirty Secrets of Clean Energy and the Future of Environmentalism. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2012. Internet resource.

Electric Cars in Rhode Island

Outline

1. Introduction

            The transportation sector has been determined to be the major donor to the effect of global warming around the world. According to Zehner (6) Rhode Island’s transportation sector contributes to approximately 30 percent of the nation’s emissions. A significant quantity of the large emissions can be outlined back to the vehicles. Electric cars offer a substitute of the conventional fossil fuels by opting for electricity powering, a proposal that is believed to eliminating car based emissions completely. In Rhode Island, electric cars are the solution to emissions decrease, based on their capability to eliminate greenhouse fumes releases.

1. Rhode Island’s Green cars Incentives

            Rhode Island is the state that inspires resident divers to adopt and embrace green incentives that are both friendly to the surrounding and the economically. These incentives entail emissions tests exemptions particularly for the electric vehicles, nation based tax exclusion and the acquisition of tax credit for substitute fuel-driven cars, coverage discounts for the fuel effectual vehicles and so on.

• Electric Cars and History

            An electric vehicle can best be defined as a type of vehicle that is fueled by the utilization of electric energy that is based on batteries which can be re-energized instead of the utilization of the popular gas, petrol or even diesel. Electric vehicles were initially produced in the mid-1880s but their short run fame was acquired between the 19th and 20th centuries which faded shortly based on the initiation of advanced interior combustion vehicle engines.

1. Main Features of Electric Vehicles and the Current Market Leaders

            Electric vehicles are deemed to be easier in reference to driving. Currently, the adoption of electric cars has been slower given that most of the electric vehicles are highly expensive and exist in fewer numbers within the market and being defeated by the initiation of hybrid vehicles, it is actually challenging for most individual’s to gain the capability to enjoy the electronic fueled vehicles. The most important aspect is that an electric vehicle is best to categorize it as an electric motor. Electric motors are best utilized in thrusting the device under the electric regulation.

1. Environmental and economic benefits/ Disadvantages of Electric Vehicles
2. Advantages

• Electric vehicles are smooth, quiet and very speedy
• Low maintenance cost

1. Disadvantages

• Expensive to purchase
• Low consumer demand
• Lack of flexibility and convenience

1. Conclusion

            Global warming holds significant relation to emissions acquired from vehicles. The need for a more economical and environmentally friendly operation has resulted in a significant development in the electric vehicles sector. However, despite the fact that electric vehicles are associated with numerous benefits it is apparent that the slow adoption and acceptance of the vehicles are driven by cost, the lack of consumer’s appeal, small size and the incapability to meet travel and modern demands such as flexibility and convenience.

Market Analysis

Mobile apps assist people to get updated on the daily happenings timely and precisely therefore very essential to human survival. Students are the biggest market target for apps since at many times they need to communicate and share with their friends whatever they want. The univibe network is one of the apps that have been developed and which in due time, will make a difference in the universities all around the world. Reaching the universities is beneficial especially due to the different cultural groups and settings in the universities (Shah, 2017). The market share for univibe will most likely be obtained from the different advertisements done by the promoters and interested parties in the universities. Competitive advantage will range from a number of placements especially globally. International companies can also use the app to advertise their products on the same app, therefore, increasing the earning capability of the app.

Involvio app generates the capability of the universities and the colleges to monitor and walk the journey through orientation until the graduation period for the students. The app has generally reached many students and many universities and is being used widely. The five-year financial focus is based on the success of the app to almost every university in the world (Gil, 2013). As much as the app is used to engage the students with the management, the earnings will be generated according to how many higher learning institutions will be interested in joining. Market share similarly is sizeable since it has set the way forward for the students to engage in a one on one basis with the app including the performance of the students. Being notified of every move on the campus and around the campus is a good strategy. 

References

Gil Morales, C. (2013). Multieffects processor (Bachelor's thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya).

Shah, S. (2017). Univibe stories. Retrieved from: http://univibenetwork.in/blog/2017/02/17/mobile-apps-making-life-easier-one-touch-at-a-time/

Monitoring Toddlers and Technology

Monitoring toddlers and technology is an important issue to me and which is driven by the need to control amount of time children spend in technological devices. My aim is to prevent the technology from becoming risky to children and at the same time encourage parents to make use of modern technology. Digital devices are becoming part of our daily lives and are not expected to leave. Our children are growing up in a digital surrounding whether at our schools, offices and homes and they are adopting at a high rate. We have held much hope that these technologies including media will bring educational benefits for our children but there have also been fears that overusing them at time o rapid development of the brain may have negative effects (NAEYC, 2012). However, there is limited research on this crucial area.

It’s our obligation to monitor how kids use technology and impose guidelines that will ensure that the right balance is attained so that the devices can be beneficial to their growth and development. Children below 2 years need social interaction and hands – exploration with us as care givers so that they can experience general growth in terms of social-emotional, language and cognitive skills (American Academy of Pediatrics, n.d). If technology will be used to curtail such childhood experience and growth, then we have a reason to worry. We should allow children to interact with devices or applications that will identify when toddlers are responding accurately and thereby, tailor their responses and provide support that is appropriate at their competence levels. There is growing evidence suggesting that children care able to learn different words through chatting with a responsive adult using video-chatting when 24 months old (American Academy of Pediatrics, n.d).

 As care givers we can ensure that children use only those devices that provide an interactive platform and hence enhance social connection with our children who are far from us. On that note, I think it is important to use technology that is well-designed to improve cognitive ability and social outcomes for the toddlers. However, I would be very cautious in using the various digital books and Apps that are normally advertised as being educational. The effectiveness of majority of these technologies has not been proven, and the devices do not facilitate co-play and co-viewing that is known to help the learning process in young children. The various skills that we can instill in children and which will ensure their learning success at schools  and social life like emotions management , creativity , impulse control and flexibility in thinking can be learnt best  when they engage in social unstructured play with us (NAEYC, 2012).

I also consider what would happen if I were to allow toddlers to spend much time on these devices without limits and rules. Allowing children to use technology passively is not a good we can replace active engagement and play with them. Moreover, if we lack digital and technology literacy or skills, we risk coming up with inappropriate choices and we may end up using the devices in ways that negatively affect development and learning in our children (American Academy of Pediatrics, n.d). There are also health concerns when children use much time in passive use of media or technology.  It has been suggested that using media and technology heavily in pre-school years can lead to small but considerable increment in BMI for children (NAEYC, 2012). Therefore, I consider that toddlers should be offered with the right technology but within set boundaries to prevent risks in their overall growth and development.

References

NAEYC (2012). ChildrenTechnology and Interactive Media as Tools in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children from Birth through Age 8. Retrievd from: http://www.naeyc.org/files/naeyc/file/positions/PS_technology_WEB2.pdf

Technology and Learning Management

Learning Management Systems is a general term utilized the describing a server based learning system that is developed in the quest of managing learning materials and learners interactions (Fyffe, 2015). LMS permits the availability of materials on the online platform that permitting learners to view as well as associated with learning content via a web browser particularly from any computer or mobile devices with browsing abilities. LMS software’s provides companies with all the necessities in the management of the employee training initiatives. The use of LMS can benefit corporations in the creation of training curricula in offering education to employees and creating opportunities for them to show or acquire competencies and certification in areas that are relevant to their responsibilities (Fyffe, 2015). This paper will be investigating the functionality, features, and benefits associated with both Aurion Learning and Moodle LMS.

LMS holds a number of responsibilities in relation to improving the functionality of employee training initiatives in the organization. One of the core functionality is training administration. The use of employee training software’s is useful because users are able to simplify and organize training management that incorporates procedures such as managing user information, training content distribution, course enrollment as well as scheduling (Bonk & Graham, 2006). An additional functionality is a content creation and management, which is a functionality that offers the respective buyers the general capability of authoring their individualized content to be learned thus delivering the required training based on the needs and the structure of the organization. Curricula setting is an additional LMS function and with this functionality, users are able to combine the developed courses by mainly focusing on their specialization areas while assigning and reassigning the learning necessities. This is the certification approach that incorporates the managing, establishment and well as certification programs settings for those industrial sectors that necessitate the certification of staffs in the conduction of specified working responsibilities (Bonk & Graham, 2006).

LMS also has the core functionality of proficiency reporting and testing given that it can administer trials that seek to assess the employees’ skills and knowledge. The analytical and recording functionality is useful in the determination of proficiency as well as establishing staffs learning gaps and the appropriate learning strategies (Fyffe, 2015). Further, the systems offer employee-individualized service functionality in that employees can fully access the training content and the most demanding and necessary learning from their personal devices. This system additionally possesses electronic records (Fyffe, 2015). Through the centralization of staffs training records within the systems, users are exposed to simplified and convenient access to training content, evaluation results as well as course materials from a single system.

Moodle LMS is an open LMS that is currently the most utilized accounting for about tens of million users on the global scale. Moodle, s flexible convenient as well as highly cost efficient which makes it the better option (Kats, 2010). Traditionally this source was being utilized in the provision of education to distance learners but currently, organizations globally are utilizing the software in offering online training and learning. Its flexibility is acquired based on its general capability to offer online diverse courses as well as supporting face to face training and learning. Moodle LMS can benefit the training functionality of the organization by increasing the general capability of employees to relate and embrace consistent changes that are linked to organization culture (Kats, 2010). The prime benefit of the software in improving training outcome is based on its open nature. This, therefore, implies that the source can be accessed by all the employees thus creating uniformity and cost efficiency. In addition the users and the administrators and manage and alter the learning content in meeting the particular economic needs of the corporation. In addition, the transformed version can also be shared amongst the users which create efficiency and flexibility (Kats, 2010). The software is also economic friendly as it ensures that staffs learn at reduced costs while providing interaction platforms where the users can interact and share thoughts regarding a subject. This is essential, in creating effective communication and the good relation which in turn creates staff's satisfaction.

More so, Moodle is beneficial as it creates collaborative learning and increased user’s engagement which results in higher learning abilities. There is a higher level of engagement based on the ease accessibility and flexibility in delivering training (Kats, 2013). This concept is therefore advantageous to organization training given that it creates personalization which increases the sense of motivation and participation. In addition, the fact that learning is accessible at any given period even on offline period and at any location is useful for learners as it ensures that they remain in the desired direction within their training and this leads to lower resistance and dropout. The software supports the highest performance which increases training efficiency and generates desirable outcomes (Kats, 2013). Learners normally prefer to utilize learning approaches that are not obstructive to their normal routines as this might create inconveniences and pressure. Operating in flexible and open systems, therefore, generates learning habits that bring out the highest performance quality.

    The software’s is additionally linked to phone based organizers and reminders which are incorporated with online learning platforms. Through the software’s learners gets the opportunity of acquiring updates as well as notifications regarding their relevant courses which should be checked at regular grounds (Kats, 2013). In addition, this implies that courses can be assumed on the daily ground without the unlearning of the prior information. The flexibility that is provided by the accessible sources and browsers learning abilities is enormous given that it equips the learners with the general capability of completing learning courses and the initiation of the upcoming courses (Lindenberg & ASTD, 2012). Factually, this results in the success and the seamless mobile learning user experiences. This works in ensuring comprehensive motivation on the users and the capability to switch without much strain.

    On the other hand, Aurion Learning LMS is currently growing to be an unavoidable in managing employees learning as well as the training initiatives. The software is characterized by the capability to deliver high extent approach as well as practical approaches to enhancing the use by participants as well as encouraging technological adoption (Kats, 2010). In addition, the software organizes learning content and materials in a specified location for easy access. This results in the reduction of risks that might lead to losing significant information which makes it easy to learn and modify courses to suit the general necessities of the organization. The software also offers unlimited access to the online learning materials. This means that the staffs can access more information that is required in the development of their competencies as well as skills significantly. There is ease flexibility on the grounds that users are not forced to wait until getting on the online platforms so that they can acquire training that is necessary for the development of skills required in generating efficiency in relation to their work. This is the prime reason as to why Aurion Learning remains to be a prime necessity for the global users in the differentiated global regions (Kats, 2010). Communication is an essential aspect that is required in achieving learning efficiency thus through this platform's success can be acquired by ensuring that learners become good communicators and collaborative through interactions and teaming up in accomplishing similar tasks.

    The system additionally has an eased tracking learning and progress approach. As one of the best systems that might benefit the functionality of training programs for the organization by motivating employees, encouraging collaboration and improving the general outcomes it offers the general capability of keeping tracks regarding the progress of the learners to ensure that the targeted performance is achieved (Lindenberg & ASTD, 2012). For example in cases that the staffs are unable to successfully complete the learning scenario supplemental contents can be offered to improve both their learning conduct as well as performance. Moreover, modifications can also be made of the respective content in the quest to ensure that efficiency is acquired. The platform also creates knowledge grounds where assessment to evaluate performance and the effects of training on employees growth can be assessed (Maier, 2004). The software can be useful in improving the functionality of the programs by developing efficiencies as well as enhancing the general growth through the provision of diversified learning. Further, the system is practical rather than theoretical as learners have access to videos that demonstrate the manner in which duties should be developed and the required skills (Maier, 2004). In my opinion, based on the efficiency of LMS the only lacking thing is the acceptance by major corporations of adopting the system in managing to learn.

References

Bonk, C. J., & Graham, C. R. (2006). The handbook of blended learning: Global perspectives, local designs.

Fyffe, D. (2015). Learning Management System Efficiency vs. Staff Proficiency. S.L.: Lulu Com.

Kats, Y. (2010). Learning management system technologies and software solutions for online teaching: Tools and applications. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.

Kats, Y. (2013). Learning management systems and instructional design: Best practices in online education. Hershey, Pa: IGI Global (701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA.

Lindenberg, S., & American Society for Training and Development. (2012). Selecting and implementing an LMS. Alexandria, VA: ASTD Press.

Maier, R. (2004). Knowledge Management Systems: Information and Communication Technologies for Knowledge Management. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

1. Marketing

Objectives:

            FireEye learned that technology alone isn’t enough to combat cyber attackers, which is why our solution takes a three-pronged approach that combines innovative security technologies, world-renowned expertise, and deep threat intelligence capabilities. Unlike other solutions, FireEye addresses the entire security operations lifecycle — every critical issue before, during and after an attack. The FireEye security-as-a-service approach simplifies, extends and augments your current security operations so that you can deliver the best security where and when you need it: in the public or private cloud, on premise or hybrid environment, in the network or at the endpoint.

Strategies:

1. Security exists to protect your business whether you operate in a cloud, on premise or hybrid environment. Security as a Service is a new mindset that delivers effective, efficient security with the value and scale you need, when you need it, so you can stay focused on your core business.
2. FireEye sensors at every customer deployment collect data on threats, which are analyzed and used to adjust detection algorithms for every other customer, every 60 minutes. This early warning system continually reinforces the security posture of every FireEye customer.
3. Security as a service establishes an expectation of efficiency, where security teams can prioritize and investigate alerts. By combining proven technology with intelligence with global team of analysts, you receive prioritized, actionable guidelines on how to best protect your organization.
4. Continuing to protect your organization will become more challenging because specialized security expertise is in scarce supply. With more than 1,000 FireEye experts relentlessly tracking over 16,000 threat groups around the world, FireEye is the go-to first responder for the world’s most consequential breaches. With experts available 24 hours a day, every day, FireEye provides you with the essential expertise required of a Security as a Service partner.

Policies

1. The company will not knowingly collect or use Personal Information as defined by law without parental consent.
2. The policy governs websites owned and operated by FireEye. The policy does not govern websites of other parties to which they may provide links because FireEye is not responsible for, and cannot control the privacy practices or content of, those sites.
3. the principles governing the information practices and other privacy aspects of the company’s websites are:
   1. Information Collection and Use
   2. Information Sharing and Disclosure
   3. Cross-border transfer
   4. Questions or Suggestions
   5. IP Information Collection and Use Practices
   6. Cookies
   7. Data Storage
   8. The privacy of all users of www.fireeye.com is of the highest priority.

Programs

The FireEye support programs are simple and flexible: four levels of support are offered to meet the client’s needs. In addition, spare parts are available for quick turnaround hardware replacements, and a non-returnable disk drive service allows for clients to keep disk drives in the event of a drive failure.

1. Platinum Support Program: The platinum program covers both hardware and software support.
2. Platinum Priority Plus Program: The Platinum Priority Plus Program includes all that is offered in the Platinum Support Program, plus:
3. Immediate problem escalation to level-three Advanced Support Engineering
4. An unlimited number of designated callers and secure support website/portal access for those callers
5. A designated support engineer (DSE), assigned to the client, who acts as a single point of contact within FireEye
6. Annual on-site review of service and product performance and on-site technical assistance at the DSE’s discretion

Quarterly business review (QBR) via conference call

2. Government Support Program: Offered in selected countries, the government program includes both hardware and software support. Everything in the base platinum support program is included with the following addition:

1. Level one, two and three support requests handled by citizens of the selected country
2. . Government Priority Plus Program: The Government Priority Plus Program includes all that is offered in the Government Support Program, plus:
3. Immediate problem escalation to level three Advanced Support Engineering expert who are citizens of the selected country
4. An unlimited number of designated callers and secure support website/portal access for those callers
5. A DSE who is a citizen of the selected country
6. Annual on-site review of service and product performance and on-site technical assistance at the DSE’s discretion
7. Monthly support statistic reporting
8. Quarterly business review (QBR) via conference call

            FireEye's current marketing objectives, strategies, policies, and programs are not clearly stated, since they are based on the mere performance of the company’s services, policies and products. The missions, objectives and strategies are based on their performance rate, poor performance will manipulate the company to implement new objectives. A clear objective should be specific and forward looking. The reader should understand clearly the objectives of FireEye rather than they being implied from the performance statements and other criteria. Though the objectives, policies and strategies are implied, they are consistent with the corporation’s missions, objectives, strategies, and policies and with the internal and external environment which is one of the reasons why FireEye is the most preferred cybersecurity company in the industry. As they are implied with the company's performance. For instance, in May 2015, the company raised its revenue for the year to be between $615million and $635 million.

33. In terms of marketing position and marketing mix FireEye Corporation is performing quite fairly both in domestic and international markets. The Corporation offers innovative security technologies to 16, 000 groups of customers around the world. This shows that the customers’ perception to the solutions offered is quite fair considering the competing corporations with similar products. To ensure the corporation is competitive enough, it uses the 4 P’s (Place, Price, Promotion, and Product) strategy to influence more customers to buy their products and services.  The corporation is not quite dependent on few customers because it aims at offerings its products and services globally. FireEye market is wide because it sells its products and services in both domestic and global markets in over 67 countries globally. The corporation is gaining its market share because it’s able to combine three-prolonged security solutions unlike other corporations that offer technology service alone to combat cyber threats. However, it is losing its market share because of the tough competition it’s facing from the competitors like FEYE. The corporation gets around 46 percent from the developed regions and around 33.2 percent from the developing regions which is fair considering the competition in the market. In the product life cycle, the current products are on growth stage (Frost & Sullivan, 2016).

1) The trends that emerge from this analysis show that the corporation is continually increasing its market share, market position and revenue.

2) The impact of these trends on past performance shows that the corporation is putting more resources to ensure it’s able to meet its targets. For the future performance, the corporation is ensuring that it continually offer its solutions in a well competitive manner to ensure it improves its position in the market and the market share or it maintains its position but does not decline.

3) Yes, this analysis support the corporation’s past and pending decisions because it is able to identify the areas it needs improvements and where more resources are needed as well as giving knowledge about the competition trend in the market.

4) Yes, marketing provides the company with a competitive advantage as it enlightens the corporation on what it can do better over its competitors to gain a competitive advantage.

1. Comparing the market performance with similar corporations like FEYE the corporation is ranked as the best and the fastest growing corporation as ranked by Deloitte.
2. Yes, the marketing managers are using the accepted marketing concepts and techniques to evaluate and improve product performance and to ensure the corporation emerges the best in the competitive market.
3. The marketing adjusts to the conditions in each country it operates because there are stipulated marketing laws for each country thus has to adjust.
4. The marketing always considers the environmental sustainability when making decisions so that it will operate in viable environments and also operate effectively.
5. The role of the marketing manager in the strategic management process is to develop marketing strategies that are in line with the company’s objectives.

FireEye’s Marketing Mix (4Ps) Analysis

FireEye Inc. Corporation’s marketing mix using the 4Ps offers supports to the corporation’s leading position being a cyber-security firm that offers services and products in offering protection against a number of cyber threats. The firm’s marketing mix therefore acts as the company’s marketing plan which is utilized as the strategy of creating popularity and brand’s image. The plan is usually changed with time in order to fit into the competitive surrounding (Roscini 6).

FireEye Cyber Security Products

FireEye has continuously innovated is product marketing range so that the market can be captured more. As per now these are the prime FireEye products categories which includes network security, email security, Network essentials for security, intercept appliance, threat analytics and content security. This mix has been developed through a number of innovative years and the approach is objected mainly and attracting more consumers.

Place in FireEye’s Marketing Mix

The corporation offers most of its services and products through retail and wholesale stores.  This are the primary venues where the consumers can acquire the products. For the case of FireEye the main locations for products are services distribution are online stores, retail and wholesale stores. These locations helps its consumers in making specific order and they demonstrate how the corporation has embraced technology and marketing changes.

FireEye’s Promotion

FireEye makes promotion of its products via advertising. Promotion as part of its marketing mix refers to the approaches of communication that are utilized in disseminating data in regard to its products. Its promotional mix includes public relation, advertising and sales promotion. The firm accomplishes its advertisement via print media, internet platforms and television (Cleary and Massimo 152). Public relation is not utilized frequently and has turned to be inefficient for the company. Sales promotions including freebies and discounts are included in support of creating awareness.

FireEye Prices and Pricing Strategy

FireEye utilizes premium pricing approaches in taking advantage of the individual’s behaviors in reference to making high purchases in the market. The corporation’s cyber security products as well as services are highly purchased based on its affordable pricing that relates directly to the company’s generic approach which has helped the corporation in sustaining the image of the brand and improving the company’s reputation.

Work Cited

Roscini, Marco. Cyber Operations and the Use of Force in International Law. , 2014.       Print.

Cleary, Frances, and Massimo Felici. Cyber Security and Privacy: Third Cyber Security and Privacy Eu Forum, Csp Forum 2014, Athens, Greece, May 21-22, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. , 2014. Internet resource.

Emerging technology and infrastructure changes in relation to accounting and auditing ‑ transformation, innovation, disruption

Accounting has always been transformed by emerging technologies, which have helped in accurate and quick completion of tasks, and in enhancing auditing function through the evaluation process. The past technologies and infrastructures were simple propositions when compared to the various developments that are currently shaping the accountancy field and business worlds. The various emerging technologies have been driven by the increased need for security, risk management and infrastructure management which are informed by privacy issues and Cybersecurity. These emerging developments continue shaping the accountancy films given the cases of data breaches and increasing concern by management about the need for efficiency, data security and privacy. 

In the 21^st century, changes in technology are changing the accounting field through big, data, cloud, social collaboration and mobile collaborations which are  changing they ways in which information technology resources are being consumed , experience and knowledge are being shared and in accessing  various products and services . Accountants and auditors are a major part of the present connected world will continue being an important part of any technological changes taking place globally. This fact is changing how communication and collaboration between accountants and auditors and the business world are working together and transforming the working patterns (Zhang, et. al 2012). These professionals are being provided with an opportunity to automate repetitive or time-consuming functions and focus on work that is of higher value. This consolidates their roles as advisers in business and finance. Since it is hard to foresee the future with any level of surety, the accounts and editors are increasingly acknowledging the need to keep informed about any evolution in technologies and infrastructure since they have big impact in the accountancy field.  They will have to consider new technologies and then, access the kind of impact they have in finance profession, those being served and supported. This way accountants and auditors will be ready to maximize resulting benefits while minimizing any related burden (Zhang, et. al 2012).  The profession will be able to exploit and embrace the emerging technology and transform the scope of the accounting field.

 The connectivity of broadband mobile to the internet has been spreading while the scope of Information Technology resources like software is expanding while tablets and smartphones are seamlessly being integrated. These devices are becoming indispensible while carrying out various functions in the workplace especially in relation to accessing and sharing information. The communication process is also being enhanced by these devices and thereby enabling communication and breaking barriers in the workplace (ACCA, 2013). Accountants and auditors are using the devices in delivering efficiency and productivity gains while bringing business closer to clients through connectivity. Businesses are coming up with their own software applications so as to create publicity and attracting new client and improving services to their customers.  The people entering the profession are being integrated in their workforce while mobility is offering firms with a tool or attracting customers and even talent.  The accounting and auditing profession have to understand which services can be delivered best using such a move and any security concern in relation to loss of valuable information. They will have to implement the appropriate mobile technology at the right moment.  This also means that working patterns will keep changing as the use of internet is being embraced more in the profession. As mobile technology is being identified as an important infrastructure in the coming years, accountants and auditors will need to embrace related actions. This include identifying and implementing effective and appropriate mobile solutions that can relate with changes in years ahead and  managing the necessary transition to complete mobility in a safe and consistent way (Carcello, Hermanson,  & Ye, 2011).  They will also have to take into consideration the benefits offered through internet interconnections with mobile devices and other appliances or equipments in any given industry.

Digital services are causing transformation in businesses practices, government institutions and various third sector firms by using emerging technologies and IT architectures in delivering processes that are web-based, e-commerce and even cloud-based services and software. These involve both intranets and internets. Digital services comprises of major features like self-assessment solutions and utilize technologies like bots for handling enquiries and support requests and allows communication using social media platforms(ACCA, 2013).  The digital services are being adopted by accountants to access resources and provide services. The accountancy and related practices are providing self-services features like online data-vaults which can be used by clients in accessing management and statutory reports. Auditors are therefore using digital services to provide their reports on financial assessments and evaluations. In fact services such as shopping, booking tickets and banking are being made efficient for clients and while reducing cost for providers. These services provide data to accountants and auditors in way that they can be accessed easily. In fact, regulatory services provisions are being done more digitally, while exploiting tools such as eXtensible Business Reporting Language to automate and streamline process by government institutions and authorities(ACCA, 2013). Accountants and auditors will be required to acquire new skills in order to exploit the various opportunities provided by these technological transformations. Such opportunities include the potential to achieve efficiency and hence customer satisfaction, automation of accounting and auditing models and minimizing public service delivery costs and compliance costs. As digital services become the norms in business practices especially in major situations, accountants will have to embrace the requirements that are associated. This involves recruiting accountants and auditors with the necessary digital skills or developing them and using effective tactics and strategies to offer competitive advantage.  The accountancy profession will in future be required to consider the impacts of the digital services on business, regulators and advisers as they become more connected and automatic data exchange becomes the norm (Carcello, Hermanson, & Ye, 2011).

The growing adoption of mobile devices , social media and even cloud computing has brought about great security ,threat  of security breaches and customer data misuse which has the potential to completely destroy company’s reputation . Internal auditing is increasingly being sort to help in management of the risks presented by such technologies.  Many internal audit heads and senior executives are becoming aware of the major risks to data privacy and security presented by changing technologies and related accounting infrastructures (Carcello, Hermanson, & Ye, 2011). Organizations are seeing the need to emphasize the value of data, where the data is stored and the possible financial impact if such information was lost or stolen.  As firms move online, information may be inside the systems, on devices owned by employees or those managed by providers of information technology services. There have been many cases of high-profile attacks on both small and large firms where the information is accessed by online hackers and criminals (Zhang, et. al 2012). The aim has been to access or remove sensitive information relating to intellectual property, customer data and financial data. Organizations are being forced to consider the existing control functions and whether they can segregate and secure important information so that it can be accessed by only those who need it. The internal audit departments are particularly concern with the existence of internal controls that can be adjusted for counter measure purpose. This also includes the availability of available plans for responding to any loss damaging or sensitive information (Zhang, et. al 2012). Accountants and auditors will have to adopt strategies that will make sure that organizations are on the right track with new risks management.

Presently it seems clear that emerging technology has brought about various changes in accounting and auditing infrastructure. These changes will continue having ka myriad of impacts on the accountancy as a profession and in practice. Different technologies are working together in creation of a new norm in the business environment and this means that accountants and auditors have to embrace the resultant benefits and deal with new risks. They will have to play a significant role in an ecosystem that is more and more connected and interconnected. Customers will have access to their business or accounting information due to prevalence of seamless devices, smartphones and even the internet. In future, with more changes expected in form of technologies, accountants and auditors will have to gain more skill to remain relevance in new roles as custodians of corporate information and data. The profession should develop new ways of valuing and measuring technological benefits and costs.

References

Carcello, J. V., Hermanson, D. R., & Ye, Z. (2011). Corporate governance research in accounting and auditing: Insights, practice implications, and future research directions. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 30(3), 1-31.

Zhang, L., Pawlicki, A. R., McQuilken, D., & Titera, W. R. (2012). The AICPA assurance services executive committee emerging assurance technologies task force: The audit data standards (ADS) initiative. Journal of Information Systems, 26(1), 199-205.

ACCA, (2013).Technology trends: their impact on the global accountancy profession. Retrieved from: http://www.accaglobal.com/content/dam/acca/global/PDF-technical/futures/pol-af-ttti.pdf

Technological innovation

Technological innovation is equally important to the building of the American cities because they both resulted in the growth of industrialization.  Innovation resulted into industrialization emergence due to the rising of factories. The factory sector was primarily responsible for the modern city’s rise since an increasing section of laborers moved into the cities in the search of factories employment (Morris, 2012). Despite the fact that the building of the cities was influenced by the movement of laborers into the cities the laborers came to work in the factories that had been created due to technological innovation growth.  With the development of industrialization as well as technological innovation the cities began to expand consistently with the availability of homes, apartment complexes and shopping locations. These facilities were built to increase the ability of accommodating theincreasing population with fresh establishment such as entertainment facilities such as bars and theatres (Morris, 2012).

Technological innovation is responsible for the shopping of industrialization and cities development inAmerica. Without the innovation the factories would not have held the ability to employ so many laborers and the population would not have moved in into the cities. Today the cities are the basis for the provision of centralizedlocations for all that is needed by residents (Grübler, 2003).  Such as all kinds of stores, hospitals, schools, entertainment joints, shopping malls, industries, employment and so much more. The cities are the current commerce hubs, transportation, technological growth as well as communication. The development of technological inventions such as railroad, textile and iron factories as well as telegraph for communication were essential in the sparking of the present cities (Grübler, 2003).  America was in particular desperate situation in the provision of employment for the high population of immigrants that was embarking into the eastern coast which resulted in the birth of factories. Thenecessity of producing iron factories, clothes, transportation motors, water pipes and railroads resulted in theappearanceof inventions in every corner. Iron factories were responsible for the building of beams that were being utilized by iron workers in the building of the large inventions that are present such as skyscrapers. In addition, iron factories were responsible in the production of railroads that offered the joining of some parts of the nation.

Technological innovation is of great significance because it resulted in major developments that shaped the cities as well as facilitated the growth of factories by offering easier processes of achieving things. Through innovation quicker communication and transportation of building materials was achieved which facilitated in the building of large building and commercial facilities (Grübler, 2003). In addition the transpiration offered movement of laborers who played part in the building roads, building and even in the creation of residential apartments. Industrialization was a primary product of technological innovation that created factories that were involved in iron production and other materials (Grübler, 2003). It is therefore apparent that technological innovation gave rise to developments such as communication, infrastructural structures, commercial setting and effective communication modes. This therefore promoted both the development of cities and that of industrialization. In that infrastructural development and building of commercial, residential and entertainment location led to increased economic production as labor was easily available (Grübler, 2003). This therefore makes technological innovation to be equally significant as industrialization in the American cities building.

References

Grübler, A. (2003). Technology and global change. Cambridge [u.a.: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Morris, C. R. (2012). The dawn of innovation: The first American Industrial Revolution. New York: PublicAffairs.

Geography

Doering, A., Koseoglu, S., Scharber, C., Henrickson, J., & Lanegran, D. (2014). Technology integration in K–12 geography education using TPACK as a conceptual model. Journal of Geography, 113(6), 223-237.

1. The issues discussed on the article are about the need of professional quality expansion agendas and forms concentrating on the requirements and problems of K-12 skill incorporation in the geography classroom.  The review utilized several approaches designed to explore reviews and clarifications to assess the teachers’ practices within an expertise advanced agenda.  This focuses on advancing the in-service geography tutors and satisfied familiarity through detailed education devices and assets. 
2. The major point in the article is that there is the need of using the GIS technology tools that allow users to use their critical thinking abilities to analyze the geographic information and acknowledge the rising data. These tools such as technology and the TPACK support the geospatial involvement with a greater success. Teachers should be able to use the geospatial devices beyond their professional advancement and teacher-training agendas.
3. The authors recommend the use of Technology pedagogical approach Knowledge (TPACK) that has surfaced as a useful feature for describing the goals of technology use in preservice teacher education. The article addresses that the framework applies to promote expertise incorporation lessons.  While some of these features have successfully proved to increase teacher’s ability in designing technology-enhanced lessons, attending technology training courses is not possible to teachers. They conclude that a possible way to sustain skill integration is to give tutors technology-incorporated implements.
4. The major insight given by the authors is that successful involvement of instruction and knowledge needs the integration of machinery in a classroom. In addition, technology is not an educational strategy but an important tool used in dissimilar behaviors to convene diverse aims in geography teaching. Successful integration of tutors into machinery reflects their individual beliefs about whether the use of equipment aids the scholar education and their academic objectives.
5. As I respond to this article, many teachers find GST tool as effective to improve the geographic investigation and good critical thinking processes. The importance of the equipment device for teaching and education and the focus connected to learning with the technology application does not hinder them from exploring the device.  This is a clear response based on the use of the technological device in learning geography, which has promoted the geography lessons by providing the students with quality information. 

Graham, C. R. (2011). Theoretical considerations for understanding technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Computers & Education, 57(3), 1953-1960.

1. Graham’s article discusses about the issues on outcomes to show that instructional scaffolding plays a vital function in civilizing the skills of the teachers to involve technology in meaningful approaches towards improving the student’s geographic investigation abilities.  These issues refers to any guidance that aims in assisting teachers in integrating content and technology during planning and delivery of their lessons.  This help occurs in several ways such writing in texts or training activities and finally enables teachers to involve the three basics of TPACK elements.
2. The article’s major point is that the teacher’s confidence concerning pedagogy remains high and their confidence in involving the technology connected TPACK component increases. Support on the connections of the integration of the TPACK structure aims in assisting teachers in using technology.  Though these K-12 programs seem beneficial to integrate technology in education, the article shows that the integrated support does not lead to a full integration.  The article shows that an in-service teacher who technologically train and taught how it works helps during problem-based learning.
3. The author recommends the use of proficient advanced programs involving teachers with pedagogies and useful technology incorporation approaches. Obstruction in machinery incorporation and the ability to use knowledge efficiently depends on the personal aspects such as optimistic approach involvement, inspiration in developing one’s aptitude and ecological aspects such as the accessibility of industrial aid and technical infrastructure.  He concludes that their backgrounds persist to boost in intricacy; it openly deals with shared skills of teaching and learning. Tutors do not require being skilled in knowledge or pedagogy but well contented for thriving incorporation.
4. The author brings new insights in the classroom discussions as they said that the connection between giving genuine learning activities and increased students engagement improves by the use of technology in the real world.  Thus, technology is real to students and thus engaging in technology becomes easier. The author claim that limited knowledge on technology is a barrier and teachers require expanding their expertise for easy errands.
5. My response to the article is clear.  The article allows you incorporate images and information and provides students with an outlook of the earth in that they exist.  The importance of teaching with skills is the same with the ability to engage scholars in real-life situations that help students review matters and grasp interconnections of the world.  The earths that insert genuine knowledge in their surroundings have the possibility to amplify the teacher and student environmental concept that unites with efficient pedagogies. The submission of these features in the geography classroom is vital because it has steady looms to geographic comprehension and increases the attention to geography requirement

Murphy, A. B., & Hare, P. R. (2016). The Nature of Geography and Its Perspectives in AP® Human Geography. Journal of Geography, 115(3), 95-100.

1. The article describes the issue on how the students who study about Human Geography needs to expand their knowledge on what it needs to review the globe from geography approach.  Focusing on the geographical concern with spatial connections, the geographic background helps the students to acknowledge the personality of the subject and the insight it gives.  These nucleus subject apprehensions should turn into arguments of the different topic enclosed in the study of the Human geography.
2. The major point in the article is that it introduces students to the orderly review of the outlines and procedures that shape the human understanding and the use of Earth’s facade. Students put more emphasis on the landscape in order to review the human social organization and environmental results. They also learn about the ways and devices that the geographers use in their skills and practice.
3. The authors of the article recommend the study of human population because it is not fixed and the universal population will continue increasing. He claims that those who study population are aware that population growth is diminishing. They conclude that the growth of human population is one of the defining features in the present world and the main issue in the human geography.  Human population shows the different characteristics on geography. 
4. In the article, the authors bring new insights in that the main geographic features are in the site, space, and area and on globalization. Here, students are able to interpret the maps and understand the function of brain mapping. These resources are important in utilizing the AP Human Geography lesson.
5. As a response to the article, it views the globe from a spatial approach where it seeks to acknowledge the adjusting spatial organization and material feature of the Earth’s façade. The main advantage of the article is on the provision of nature assess that happen in different places.  It helps understand how the political regulations and the economic restriction work together to form specific landscapes.

Reference

Doering, A., Koseoglu, S., Scharber, C., Henrickson, J., & Lanegran, D. (2014). Technology integration in K–12 geography education using TPACK as a conceptual model. Journal of Geography, 113(6), 223-237.

Graham, C. R. (2011). Theoretical considerations for understanding technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Computers & Education, 57(3), 1953-1960.

Murphy, A. B., & Hare, P. R. (2016). The Nature of Geography and Its Perspectives in AP® Human Geography. Journal of Geography, 115(3), 95-100.