Diabetes
Diabetes insipidus is mainly caused by the abnormality in the levels or the functioning of the antidiuretic hormones (ADH) which are also known as the vasopressin. This hormone is manufactured in the hypothalamus and is stored specifically in the pituitary gland and it helps in the regulation of the amount of fluid located in the body (Zaccardi et al., 2016). Diabetes mellitus is basically a systemic kind of disease which is characterized by an increased level of sugars within the blood. The glycemic controls are not very crucial to the critically ill patients. Diabetes insipidus is characterized by the incapability of the kidneys to conserve the water and it is a rare complication.
In the insipidus type of diabetes, a patient gets very thirsty and the urine is much diluted compared to a normal person’s urine. Mellitus patients have their sugars high and at the same time their level of urinating is excessively high with an increased thirst most of the times. Diabetes insipidus is mainly caused by the effects of the having a low level of ADH. Brain tumor, injuries to the head and excessive medications can lead to this kind of diabetes (Mendez et al., 2016). Mellitus is caused by the genetics and also the kind of lifestyle a person is living or through a minor infection.
Genetics plays a vital role in diabetes. Diabetes can be highly dependent on the possibility of the parent and or siblings having diabetes. If both parents have diabetes then the risk of being diagnosed with diabetes is high and so the treatment will be of a lifetime. Diabetes affects a person at any age the difference is the causes and the treatment (Mendez et al., 2016). The older people are most affected by this disease and therefore the diagnosis is done timely through testing the blood capacity levels for insipidus diabetes while for mellitus it is the plasma levels. Mellitus can never be cured but for insipidus, can be cured through desmopressin.
References
American Diabetes Association. (2014). Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes care, 37(Supplement 1), S81-S90.
Mendez, C. E., Mesropian, P. J., Mathew, R. O., Slawski, B., Zhu, Y., Zhang, C., ... & Vilsbøll, T. (2016). Wolfram syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, optic nerve atrophy, hearing loss, and neurodegeneration. Although there are currently no effective treatments that can delay or reverse the progression of Wolfram syndrome, the use of careful clinical monitoring and supportive care can help relieve the suffering of patients and improve... Current Diabetes Reports, 16(1), 1-12.
Zaccardi, F., Webb, D. R., Yates, T., & Davies, M. J. (2016). Pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 90-year perspective. Postgraduate medical journal, 92(1084), 63-69.
