MGpart1

Article 1

            Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)  is a problem caused by pharmacologic agents.  Newborns are mostly affected by this problem and it mainly occurs when pregnant women take harmful substances such as heroin and cocaine (MacMullen, Dulsk & Blobaum, 2014). Newborn displays various symptoms such as fever, poor feeding, sweating among many.  The problem is associated with possible complication such as premature birth, birth defects and more. The purpose of this article is to conduct systematic and critical review in order to determine evidence-based interventions toward this problem (MacMullen, Dulsk & Blobaum, 2014).

Systematic review

            Literature review was done   where 480 international classic artless not older than 10years were used.  In research, the key words were ‘nursing interventions’ neonates ‘neonatal syndrome’ and ‘substance withdraws system’ (MacMullen, Dulsk & Blobaum, 2014).  Findings were recorded in a table which contained title, author and abstract.  Note that most publication had observational studies which were taken from clinical trials.

 Systematic review results

Twenty journal articles offered supportive interventions such as swaddling, non-nutritive sucking and quiet environment.  Eleven articles recommended that neonatal who are not in drug therapy should prevent physiologic effects through comfort measures such as swaddling. Nine articles supported non-nutritive sucking, vestibular stimulation and   quiet environment. Other recommended interventions include supine position, music therapy, and rooming (MacMullen, Dulsk & Blobaum, 2014).

Article 2

 Nurses use venous access device to treat infant and children and to ensure the delivery of blood and nutrition to the body. However, evidence-based practice has shown that peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are effective, safe and valuable than venous devices (WESTERGAARD, CLASSEN & WALTHER-LARSEN, 2013). This is because, the device has been used in neonatal populations and the outcomes are associated with high insertion success and less catheter complications.

Method and results

 Evidence-best practice was done through a literature search where the key term was ‘PICC and children’.  Relevant articles which conducted observation studies and clinical trials were used.  Conclusion was made by focusing on evidence-based recommendations. The results indicate that PICCs is used in hospitals and are associated with few preoperative risk and long-term complications (WESTERGAARD, CLASSEN & WALTHER-LARSEN, 2013).  .

 

 

Reference

MacMullen, N. J., Dulsk, L. A., & Blobaum, P. (2014). Evidence-Based Interventions For Neonatal

Abstinence Syndrome. Pediatric Nursing, 40(4), 165-203.

 

WESTERGAARD, B., CLASSEN, V., & WALTHER-LARSEN, S. (2013). Peripherally inserted central catheters

in infants and children - indications, techniques, complications and clinical

recommendations. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 57(3), 278-287.

doi:10.1111/aas.12024