The American gun industry: Designing and marketing increasingly lethal weapons
Introduction
The marketing skills utilized in the gun industry are unknown by the public than those used in the automotive industry. Based on the same necessities as in the automotive industry, the gun industry has practiced innovation and exploited the designs to make customers. Acknowledging the skills is important for reviewing the argument about the accountability for gun violence. The argument has focused on the declarations that certain gun designs established through innovation and marketing skills developed to utilize them, cause high rates of gun violence consequential to death and injury (Fjestad,2014).
In the era of the 19th century, the American firearm company influenced the requirements of the innovating nation’s army flown by the support of the government. This developed a scheme of huge production and similar non-changeable parts. The mechanical artisan increased the system that influenced the American production through the production of such machinery equipments. These skills in mass marketing of firearms were the main features of firearm production (Fjestad, 2014).
Summary of what the entrepreneurship theory does
The organization of gun industry is simple. Domestic and distant investors make the guns. In some cases such as Glock pistols, the gun parts are overseas made, imported, put in American plants (Fjestad,2014). Producers supply internally made firearms through wholesale or directly sell to retail dealers. The sequence is not uniform as some producers sell the firearms only through suppliers while others sell to vendors. As the vendors, do not have a lot of capital for them to bargain the cost, the alternative of supply chains base on the manufacturers. In this way, the producer decides the financial, competence and the contractual benefit. Guns made overseas such as the military stock spares disqualifies through the American law for resident possession and introduced to the country through importers and then gain the same business channels (Fjestad,2014).
The internal firearms producers, importers and manufacturers need to have the National Firearms Licenses. Firearms manufacturers and importers are able to utilize their guns at their licensed areas without having different firearm dealers’ license. Innovated and imported firearms ship through legal business through at least a nationally licensed seller at the point of the initial retail trade. One way to look at the entrepreneurship theory of firearms is through the way the product is common. Guns are the main part of the American existence since its start but people does not know the exact number of firearms in the state. The national government estimates about 215 million guns, which are in the hands of the residents since 1999. This survey derives from the increase of internal manufacturing, export and import level for a period of 4 years. Given the confines of the data sources, the organization has minimal tax connected data that the government finds as an accurate data (Fjestad, 2014).
Summary of the entrepreneurship theory
All the firearms are proficient in murdering and this is the reason of their manufacture. Not all firearms are able to kill with equal competence (Bice & Hemley, 2002). Some design characteristics affect lethality. The dissimilarity in bullet capacity and cover aptitude between firearms change into greater likelihood that a gun will be present and a greater aptitude will supply the lethal force based on the number of injury and their significance. This means that the design of the firearms influences its lethality (Bice & Hemley, 2002).
The merge of guns sold in America domestic market has adjusted in the last many years. The growth of firearm industries has drenched and experienced declining markets in the last few years (Wellford et al., 2004). The firearm industry is using design alternation top inspire its markets and these adjustments have increased lethality. Without these new designs, that have major technical changes, the firearms business become complicated, thus the innovation of the firearms has motivated the pistol market. The purposeful use of lethality contributed directly to the terrorist use of firearms to death violation coming from firearm use. Those who support the industry argue that attracting lethality of firearms develops a tool that has been harsh. Thus, the accountability of the usage of the gun depends on the user and not the company (Bice & Hemley, 2002)
The most appealing change in the American domestic market has been due to the increase of the pistol power. Long guns controlled the domestic market in the whole of twentieth century. Since America was a main supplier of residential guns, handguns were in a little percentage of the available guns for sale (Wellford et al., 2004). Another rising issue has been the appearance of partially automatic pistols over the revolvers in American residential market. Some forces had flown this market. One was mainly the appearance of the companies at the low end of the market concentrating in easily concealable pistols. Second was the appearance at the higher finale of the market where new handguns barrel mixed with higher aptitude guns. As a result, two trimmings of the market moved closer to each other. Those who made cheap guns increased the barrel of their guns while the quality makers helped in the new development of material such as materialization of plastics, which produced smaller and inexpensive guns (Cook, Molliconi, & Cole, 1995)
Another approach in the pistol market has been the increase in the production of pistols in the upper level of business firearm barrels. As the pistol barrel has been increasing, the size of the pistols had decreased (Cook, Molliconi, & Cole, 1995). New materials have eased the designing of smaller pistols in higher barrels that would be hard to produce or risky to use if made. The corporation of technology and change in law has resulted in the extension of marketing of subcompact pistols. The final approach shows that these adjustments in the merge of firearms available in the residential market has increased the lethality of armed meeting in America by improving the design factors described as increasing the probability of death by firearm availability and barrel (Koper, 2005).
While many of the arms industry are residential, it serves, as the home country was the significant firearm use serving in the military of the other countries. The difference between the global arms industry is base on two concepts (Brooks, 2003). Much of the residential arm companies look for distant customers if they have a product they can sell abroad. Overseas sales can lessen the arm cost of the product, which helped connect the foreign customers to the host countries, thus, it serves as the interior interest. Many of the international arm industry base on the domestic arm industry (Webster, Vernick, & Bulzacchelli, 2009).
Summary of the policy theory
Based on the policy theory on the introduction of the military weapons, law empowering officials have noted that criminals are using heavier arms as the attack rifle types in the world. The idea of the conscious production through the firearm industry of the civilian market did not exist in the early years. Legal access of the firearms increases corrupt vendors and force fraud trafficking of the weapons. The source of the illegally sold firearms was the gun shows in which private citizens and the licensed vendors sell firearms and connected equipments. The national and regional laws control most movement of guns between the private persons. The national law defines the freedom of persons to sell guns out of their own will that in use, many unlicensed people who sell guns show that they are not involved from firearm sellers (Webster, Vernick & Hepburn, 2001)
Politics and coalitions
The topic reviews the complaints against the gun industry based on two approaches of the federal political scheme, gun control and tort improvement. These approaches raise the questions on gun control, in whether control of firearms companies can reduce gun aggression. Secondly is the argument on the functions of the tort reform and on whether courts can play a role in producing public policies like the gun control (Wintemute, 2002).
Among the two, tort reform is the best approach. These are the projected changes in the civil justice system objected to lessen the capability of the victims to bring tort or lessen the damages. According to the tort principle, one may be a question to liability for negligence if one does not practice quality care and cause injuries. This issue on political matters on gun industry argues that gun producers are careless in failing to take preventive measures that would prevent people from using their guns for terrorist purposes. These policies include many market restrictions such as neglect of supplying firearms to retail vendors who sell the many guns used in crime. Producers of the firearms argue that these measures are not helpful since those subjected on having guns for criminal use can easily run from sale limitations or buy guns in opaque markets (Wintemute, Cook & Wright, 2005).
NRA is a brandy coalition based on gun claims. In reaction to these claims, the gun industry with the aid of NRA coalition has turned to the national government and the congress for safety. They have together established policies looking for constitutional protection bills that argue that plaintiffs are misusing the tort scheme. The scheme seeks through legal action gun control measures that they are unable to gain through the government thus filing cases in order to make defensive measures that will make the industry reconcile despite the legal virtues or the claims against it (Brooks, 2003).
Beliefs
If the charges against NRA corruption in the governmental body were true, tort lawsuit would not be a possible solution. When coalitions fight governmental battles in courts, they are eager to use the judicial process with the similar political features in which they subject in the national process. While in the governmental process, these political forces can play different coalition functions in politicizing the courts in ways that are self-conquering and bad for the court as a coalition (Kennedy et.al, 1998).
In the present gun firms guns are the same to the way that the automotive industry market their cars. The modernization of the gun industry relies on the generated supply in its markets that has resulted to the increase in the lethality of its producers. These consequences are from the special design characteristics the industry has used in making its products. These features and the skills that the company uses to advance them, get a direct connection to increased death and critical injuries from firearms (Singh, 1998).
Brokers
Given the national Firearms License, the change of firearms to the illegal opaque market happens at the distributor/broker level. Outflow from lawful channels of trade to unlawful gun trafficking happens at the broker and the supply level through certain ways such as theft and corrupt gun sellers who use their license illegally supplying criminals with firearms (Wintemute, 2002).
References
Bice, D. C., & Hemley, D. D. (2002). The Market for New Handguns: An Empirical Investigation. The Journal of Law and Economics, 45(1), 251-265.
Brooks, R. R. (2003). Gun manufacturers in the crossfire between litigating liability and legislating immunity. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 22(3), 467-472.
Cook, P. J., Molliconi, S., & Cole, T. B. (1995). Regulating gun markets. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), 86(1), 59-92.
Kennedy, B. P., Kawachi, I., Prothrow-Stith, D., Lochner, K., & Gupta, V. (1998). Social capital, income inequality, and firearm violent crime. Social science & medicine, 47(1), 7-17.
Koper, C. S. (2005). Purchase of Multiple Firearms as a Risk Factor for Criminal Gun Use: Implications for Gun Policy and Enforcemcent. Criminology & Pub. Pol'y, 4, 749.
Singh, R. (1998). Gun control in America. The Political Quarterly, 69(3), 288-296.
Webster, D. W., Vernick, J. S., & Bulzacchelli, M. T. (2009). Effects of state-level firearm seller accountability policies on firearm trafficking. Journal of Urban Health, 86(4), 525-537.
Webster, D. W., Vernick, J. S., & Hepburn, L. M. (2001). Relationship between licensing, registration, and other gun sales laws and the source state of crime guns. Injury Prevention, 7(3), 184-189.
Wintemute, G. J. (2002). Where the guns come from: The gun industry and gun commerce. The Future of Children, 55-71.
Wintemute, G. J., Cook, P. J., & Wright, M. A. (2005). Risk factors among handgun retailers for frequent and disproportionate sales of guns used in violent and firearm related crimes. Injury Prevention, 11(6), 357-363.
